The DOI matches its Crossref record; 104 of the 104 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cone-shaped HIV-1 capsids are transported through intact nuclear pores
Open accessAbstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) remains a major health threat. Viral capsid uncoating and nuclear import of the viral genome are critical for productive infection. The size of the HIV-1 capsid is generally believed to exceed the diameter of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), indicating that capsid uncoating has to occur prior to nuclear import. Here, we combined correlative light and electron microscopy with subtomogram averaging to capture the structural status of reverse transcription-competent HIV-1 complexes in infected T cells. We demonstrated that the diameter of the NPC in cellulo is sufficient for the import of apparently intact, cone-shaped capsids. Subsequent to nuclear import, we detected disrupted and empty capsid fragments, indicating that uncoating of the replication complex occurs by breaking the capsid open, and not by disassembly into individual subunits. Our data directly visualize a key step in HIV-1 replication and enhance our mechanistic understanding of the viral life cycle.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis
Schindelin, J., Arganda-Carreras, I., Frise, E., Kaynig, V., Longair, M., Pietzsch, T., Preibisch, S., Rueden, C., Saalfeld, S., Schmid, B., et al. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2019 · Cited by 66,890
UCSF Chimera—A visualization system for exploratory research and analysis
Pettersen, E. F., Goddard, T. D., Huang, C. C., Couch, G. S., Greenblatt, D. M., Meng, E. C., & Ferrin, T. E. (2004) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.20084 · Cited by 45,828
Computer Visualization of Three-Dimensional Image Data Using IMOD
Kremer, J. R., Mastronarde, D. N., & McIntosh, J. R. (1996) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1006/jsbi.1996.0013 · Cited by 5,611
Automated electron microscope tomography using robust prediction of specimen movements
Mastronarde, D. N. (2005) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2005.07.007 · Cited by 5,336
Gctf: Real-time CTF determination and correction
Zhang, K. (2016) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2015.11.003 · Cited by 3,537
Adachi, A., Gendelman, H. E., Koenig, S., Folks, T., Willey, R., Rabson, A., & Martin, M. A. (1986) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.59.2.284-291.1986 · Cited by 2,834
High-throughput droplet digital PCR system for absolute quantitation of DNA copy number
Hindson, B. J., Ness, K. D., Masquelier, D. A., Belgrader, P., Heredia, N. J., Makarewicz, A. J., Bright, I. J., Lucero, M. Y., Hiddessen, A. L., Legler, T. C., et al. (2011) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac202028g · Cited by 2,792
Production of high-titer helper-free retroviruses by transient transfection.
Pear, W. S., Nolan, G. P., Scott, M. L., & Baltimore, D. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8392 · Cited by 2,266
Icy: an open bioimage informatics platform for extended reproducible research
de Chaumont, F., Dallongeville, S., Chenouard, N., Hervé, N., Pop, S., Provoost, T., Meas-Yedid, V., Pankajakshan, P., Lecomte, T., Le Montagner, Y., et al. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2075 · Cited by 1,538
Identification of host proteins required for HIV infection through a functional genomic screen
Brass, A. L., Dykxhoorn, D. M., Benita, Y., Yan, N., Engelman, A., Xavier, R. J., Lieberman, J., & Elledge, S. J. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1152725 · Cited by 1,449
Cited by
AI-based structure prediction empowers integrative structural analysis of human nuclear pores
Mosalaganti, S., Obarska-Kosinska, A., Siggel, M., Taniguchi, R., Turoňová, B., Zimmerli, C. E., Buczak, K., Schmidt, F. H., Margiotta, E., Mackmull, M.-T., et al. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abm9506 · Cited by 355
Self-citationStructure and function of retroviral integrase
Maertens, G. N., Engelman, A. N., & Cherepanov, P. (2022) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-021-00586-9 · Cited by 124
The molecular architecture of the nuclear basket
(2024) · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.020 · Cited by 94
HIV capsid and integration targeting
Engelman, A. N. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13010125 · Cited by 57
Troyano-Hernáez, P., Reinosa, R., & Holguín, Á. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.854974 · Cited by 48
Metadata
- Authors
- Zila, V., Margiotta, E., Turoňová, B., Müller, T. G., Zimmerli, C. E., Mattei, S., Allegretti, M., Börner, K., Rada, J., Müller, B., Lusic, M., Kräusslich, H.-G., & Beck, M.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-02
- Volume
- 184
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1032-1046.e18
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3126674454
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 104
- FWCI
- 29.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Cone-shaped HIV-1 capsids are transported through intact nuclear pores. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.025
- The paper
- Zila, V., Margiotta, E., Turoňová, B., Müller, T. G., Zimmerli, C. E., Mattei, S., Allegretti, M., Börner, K., Rada, J., Müller, B., Lusic, M., Kräusslich, H.-G., & Beck, M. (2021). Cone-shaped HIV-1 capsids are transported through intact nuclear pores. Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.025
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
