Cited by 60Virus-based gene therapy researchHemophilia Treatment and ResearchRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Complexity of immune responses to AAV transgene products – Example of factor IX

Open access
Herzog, Roland W.·2019·Cellular Immunology

Abstract

After two decades of research, in vivo gene transfer with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors has now resulted in successful treatments and even cures for several human diseases. However, the potential for immune responses against the therapeutic gene products remains one of the concerns as this approach is broadened to more patients, diverse diseases, and target organs. Immune responses following gene transfer of coagulation factor IX (FIX) for the treatment of the bleeding disorder hemophilia B has been extensively investigated in multiple animal models. Findings from these studies have not only influenced clinical trial design but have broader implications for other diseases. The impact of vector design and dose, as well as target organ/route of administration on humoral and cellular immune responses are reviewed. Furthermore, the potential for tolerance induction by hepatic gene transfer or combination with immune modulation is discussed.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.05.006

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  • Upon exposure to the AAV-delivered transgene, antigen-presenting cells acquire protein product through transduction or phagocytosis and present processed antigen on either MHC I or MHC II molecules, resulting in cellular or humoral immune responses, respectively.

    “Upon exposure to the AAV-delivered transgene, APCs acquire protein product through transduction or phagocytosis and present processed antigen on either MHC I or MHC II molecules, resulting in cellular or humoral immune responses, respectively [113].”
  • When compared with adenoviral and lentiviral vectors, AAVs have a lower risk of inducing an immune response against the transgene due to the low transduction efficiency of antigen-presenting cells by AAVs.

    “However, when compared with adenoviral and lentiviral vectors, AAVs have a lower risk of inducing an immune response against the transgene due to the low transduction efficiency of APCs by AAVs [113, 114].”
  • The immunogenic i.m. route was chosen because hepatic gene transfer typically results in tolerance induction to FIX.

    “The immunogenic i.m. route was chosen for these experiments, as hepatic gene transfer typically results in tolerance induction to FIX (24, 38).”

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  1. [78]Nienhuis AW Nathwani AC Davidoff AM Gene Therapy for Hemophilia Mol Ther 2017 PMC5417837 28411016

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Authors
Herzog, R. W.
Affiliations
University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author
Herzog, Roland W.
Venue
Cellular Immunology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-08
Volume
342
Pages
103658
ISSN
0008-8749 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2618968334
Cited by
60
References
116
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2
FWCI
0.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cellular Immunology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
NIH (R01 AI51390, R01 HL131093)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Hemophilia Treatment and Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
adeno-associated virus vectors, coagulation factor IX, hemophilia B, in vivo gene delivery, humoral immune response, cell-mediated immunity, vector design, dosage effect, route of administration, target organs, immune tolerance induction, hepatic gene transfer, immunomodulation
MeSH terms
Dependovirus, Hemophilia B, Factor IX, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Genetic Therapy, Gene Transfer Techniques, Transgenes

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