Peripheral Androgen Receptor Gene Suppression Rescues Disease in Mouse Models of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy
Open accessAbstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is caused by the polyglutamine androgen receptor (polyQ-AR), a protein expressed by both lower motor neurons and skeletal muscle. Although viewed as a motor neuronopathy, data from patients and mouse models suggest that muscle contributes to disease pathogenesis. Here, we tested this hypothesis using AR113Q knockin and human bacterial artificial chromosome/clone (BAC) transgenic mice that express the full-length polyQ-AR and display androgen-dependent weakness, muscle atrophy, and early death. We developed antisense oligonucleotides that suppressed AR gene expression in the periphery but not the CNS after subcutaneous administration. Suppression of polyQ-AR in the periphery rescued deficits in muscle weight, fiber size, and grip strength, reversed changes in muscle gene expression, and extended the lifespan of mutant males. We conclude that polyQ-AR expression in the periphery is an important contributor to pathology in SBMA mice and that peripheral administration of therapeutics should be explored for SBMA patients.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
ASOs can specifically alter levels and/or processing of a variety of proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases, most of which have been the disease-causing protein itself.
“Due to the precision afforded by complementary binding of an ASO to its target transcript of interest, ASOs have emerged as an invaluable tool in specifically altering levels and/or processing of a variety of proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases, most of which have been the disease-causing protein itself (38, 51–54).”
From Reduction of nemo-like kinase increases lysosome biogenesis and ameliorates TDP-43–related neurodegeneration (2023) · cites this paper as [38]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Oligodendroglia metabolically support axons and contribute to neurodegeneration
Lee, Y., Morrison, B. M., Li, Y., Lengacher, S., Farah, M. H., Hoffman, P. N., Liu, Y., Tsingalia, A., Jin, L., Zhang, P.-W., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11314 · Cited by 1,664 · see citing works
Onset and Progression in Inherited ALS Determined by Motor Neurons and Microglia
Boillée, S., Yamanaka, K., Lobsiger, C. S., Copeland, N. G., Jenkins, N. A., Kassiotis, G., Kollias, G., & Cleveland, D. W. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1123511 · Cited by 1,623 · see citing works
Astrocytes as determinants of disease progression in inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Yamanaka, K., Chun, S. J., Boillee, S., Fujimori-Tonou, N., Yamashita, H., Gutmann, D. H., Takahashi, R., Misawa, H., & Cleveland, D. W. (2008) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn2047 · Cited by 1,140 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 49
- Chamberlain NL Driver ED Miesfeld RL 1994 The length and location of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor N-terminal domain affect transactivation function Nucleic Acids Res 22 3181 3186 8065934 PMC310294
- Cifuentes-Diaz C Frugier T Tiziano FD Lacene E Roblot N Joshi V Moreau MH Melki J 2001 Deletion of murine SMN exon 7 directed to skeletal muscle leads to severe muscular dystrophy J Cell Biol 152 1107 1114 11238465 PMC2198815
- Cortes CJ Ling S-C Ling G Hung G Tsunemi T Ly L Tokunaga S Lopez E Sopher BL Bennet CF Shelton D Cleveland DW La Spada AR 2013 Absence of muscle expression of mutant androgen receptor protein completely rescues systemic and motor neuron disease phenotypes in a Spinal & Bulbar Muscular Atrophy mouse model Neuron in revision PMC4096235 24742458
- Di Giorgio FP Carrasco MA Siao MC Maniatis T Eggan K 2007 Non-cell autonomous effect of glia on motor neurons in an embryonic stem cell-based ALS model Nat Neurosci 10 608 614 17435754 PMC3139463
- Geary RS 2009 Antisense oligonucleotide pharmacokinetics and metabolism Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 5 381 391 19379126
- Hua Y Sahashi K Rigo F Hung G Horev G Bennett CF Krainer AR 2011 Peripheral SMN restoration is essential for long-term rescue of a severe spinal muscular atrophy mouse model Nature 478 123 126 21979052 PMC3191865
- Ilieva H Polymenidou M Cleveland DW 2009 Non-cell autonomous toxicity in neurodegenerative disorders: ALS and beyond J Cell Biol 187 761 772 19951898 PMC2806318
- Irvine RA Ma H Yu MC Ross RK Stallcup MR Coetzee GA 2000 Inhibition of p160-mediated coactivation with increasing androgen receptor polyglutamine length Hum Mol Genet 9 267 274 10607837
- Jessell TM Sanes JR 2000 Development. The decade of the developing brain Curr Opin Neurobiol 10 599 611 11084323
- Johansen JA Yu Z Mo K Monks DA Lieberman AP Breedlove SM Jordan CL 2009 Recovery of function in a myogenic mouse model of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy Neurobiol Dis 34 113 120 19211034 PMC4209964
- Jordan CL Lieberman AP 2008 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: a motoneuron or muscle disease? Curr Opin Pharmacol 8 752 758 18775514 PMC2603477
- Jordan CL Padgett B Hershey J Prins G Arnold A 1997 Ontogeny of androgen receptor immunoreactivity in lumbar motoneurons and in the sexually dimorphic levator ani muscle of male rats J Comp Neurol 379 88 98 9057114
- Kang SH Li Y Fukaya M Lorenzini I Cleveland DW Ostrow LW Rothstein JD Bergles DE 2013 Degeneration and impaired regeneration of gray matter oligodendrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Nat Neurosci 16 571 579 23542689 PMC3637847
- Katsuno M Adachi H Kume A Li M Nakagomi Y Niwa H Sang C Kobayashi Y Doyu M Sobue G 2002 Testosterone reduction prevents phenotypic expression in a transgenic mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy Neuron 35 843 854 12372280
- Katsuno M Adachi H Minamiyama M Waza M Tokui K Banno H Suzuki K Onoda Y Tanaka F Doyu M 2006a Reversible disruption of dynactin 1-mediated retrograde axonal transport in polyglutamine-induced motor neuron degeneration J Neurosci 26 12106 12117 17122035 PMC6675422
- Katsuno M Adachi H Waza M Banno H Suzuki K Tanaka F Doyu M Sobue G 2006b Pathogenesis, animal models and therapeutics in Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) Exp Neurol 200 8 18 16513111
- Kazemi-Esfarjani P Trifiro MA Pinsky L 1995 Evidence for a repressive function of the long polyglutamine tract in the human androgen receptor: possible pathogenetic relevance for the (CAG)n-expanded neuronopathies Hum Mol Genet 4 523 527 7633399
- Kemp MQ Poort JL Baqri RM Lieberman AP Breedlove SM Miller KE Jordan CL 2011 Impaired motoneuronal retrograde transport in two models of SBMA implicates two sites of androgen action Hum Mol Genet 20 4475 4490 21873607 PMC3196895
- Koller E Vincent TM Chappell A De S Manoharan M Bennett CF 2011 Mechanisms of single-stranded phosphorothioate modified antisense oligonucleotide accumulation in hepatocytes Nucleic Acids Res 39 4795 4807 21345934 PMC3113586
- Kordasiewicz HB Stanek LM Wancewicz EV Mazur C McAlonis MM Pytel KA Artates JW Weiss A Cheng SH Shihabuddin LS 2012 Sustained therapeutic reversal of Huntington’s disease by transient repression of huntingtin synthesis Neuron 74 1031 1044 22726834 PMC3383626
- Lieberman AP Fischbeck KH 2000 Triplet repeat expansion in neuromuscular disease Muscle Nerve 23 843 850 10842259
- Lieberman AP Harmison G Strand AD Olson JM Fischbeck KH 2002 Altered transcriptional regulation in cells expressing the expanded polyglutamine androgen receptor Hum Mol Genet 11 1967 1976 12165558
- McCampbell A Taylor JP Taye AA Robitschek J Li M Walcott J Merry D Chai Y Paulson H Sobue G 2000 CREB-binding protein sequestration by expanded polyglutamine Hum Mol Genet 9 2197 2202 10958659
- Mhatre AN Trifiro MA Kaufman M Kazemi-Esfarjani P Figlewicz D Rouleau G Pinsky L 1993 Reduced transcriptional regulatory competence of the androgen receptor in X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy Nat Genet 5 184 188 8252045
- Monks DA Johansen JA Mo K Rao P Eagleson B Yu Z Lieberman AP Breedlove SM Jordan CL 2007 Overexpressioin of wild-type androgen receptor in muscle recapitulates polyglutamine disease Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 18259 18264 17984063 PMC2084330
- Monks DA O’Bryant EL Jordan CL 2004 Androgen receptor immunoreactivity in skeletal muscle: enrichment at the neuromuscular junction J Comp Neurol 473 59 72 15067718
- Morfini G Pigino G Szebenyi G You Y Pollema S Brady ST 2006 JNK mediates pathogenic effects of polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptor on fast axonal transport Nat Neurosci 9 907 916 16751763
- Morishima Y Wang AM Yu Z Pratt WB Osawa Y Lieberman AP 2008 CHIP deletion reveals functional redundancy of E3 ligases in promoting degradation of both signaling proteins and expanded glutamine proteins Hum Mol Genet 17 3942 3952 18784277 PMC2605787
- Mutsaers CA Wishart TM Lamont DJ Riessland M Schreml J Comley LH Murray LM Parson SH Lochmuller H Wirth B 2011 Reversible molecular pathology of skeletal muscle in spinal muscular atrophy Hum Mol Genet 20 4334 4344 21840928
- Palazzolo I Stack C Kong L Musaro A Adachi H Katsuno M Sobue G Taylor JP Sumner CJ Fischbeck KH 2009 Overexpression of IGF-1 in muscle attenuates disease in a mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy Neuron 63 316 328 19679072 PMC2735765
- Ranganathan S Harmison GG Meyertholen K Pennuto M Burnett BG Fischbeck KH 2009 Mitochondrial abnormalities in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy Hum Mol Genet 18 27 42 18824496 PMC2644643
- Rinaldi C Bott LC Chen KL Harmison GG Katsuno M Sobue G Pennuto M Fischbeck KH 2012 Insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-1 administration ameliorates disease manifestations in a mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy Mol Med 18 1261 1268 22952056 PMC3521783
- Sahashi K Ling KK Hua Y Wilkinson JE Nomakuchi T Rigo F Hung G Xu D Jiang YP Lin RZ 2013 Pathological impact of SMN2 mis-splicing in adult SMA mice EMBO Mol Med 5 1586 1601 24014320 PMC3799581
- Seth PP Siwkowski A Allerson CR Vasquez G Lee S Prakash TP Wancewicz EV Witchell D Swayze EE 2009 Short antisense oligonucleotides with novel 2′-4′ conformationaly restricted nucleoside analogues show improved potency without increased toxicity in animals J Med Chem 52 10 13 19086780
- Sopher BL Thomas PS Jr LaFevre-Bernt MA Holm IE Wilke SA Ware CB Jin LW Libby RT Ellerby LM La Spada AR 2004 Androgen receptor YAC transgenic mice recapitulate SBMA motor neuronopathy and implicate VEGF164 in the motor neuron degeneration Neuron 41 687 699 15003169
- Sperfeld AD Karitzky J Brummer D Schreiber H Haussler J Ludolph AC Hanemann CO 2002 X-linked bulbospinal neuronopathy: Kennedy disease Arch Neurol 59 1921 1926 12470181
- Szebenyi G Morfini GA Babcock A Gould M Selkoe K Stenoien DL Young M Faber PW MacDonald ME McPhaul MJ 2003 Neuropathogenic forms of huntingtin and androgen receptor inhibit fast axonal transport Neuron 40 41 52 14527432
- Takeyama K Ito S Yamamoto A Tanimoto H Furutani T Kanuka H Miura M Tabata T Kato S 2002 Androgen-dependent neurodegeneration by polyglutamine-expanded human androgen receptor in Drosophila Neuron 35 855 864 12372281
- Tanaka F Reeves MF Ito Y Matsumoto M Li M Miwa S Inukai A Yamamoto M Doyu M Yoshida M 1999 Tissue-specific somatic mosaicism in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is dependent on CAG-repeat length and androgen receptor--gene expression level Am J Hum Genet 65 966 973 10486315 PMC1288267
- Thomas M Dadgar N Aphale A Harrell JM Kunkel R Pratt WB Lieberman AP 2004 Androgen receptor acetylation site mutations cause trafficking defects, misfolding, and aggregation similar to expanded glutamine tracts J Biol Chem 279 8389 8395 14670946
- Thomas M Harrell JM Morishima Y Peng HM Pratt WB Lieberman AP 2006 Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of hsp90-dependent trafficking reduces aggregation and promotes degradation of the expanded glutamine androgen receptor without stress protein induction Hum Mol Genet 15 1876 1883 16644868
- Wang AM Miyata Y Klinedinst S Peng HM Chua JP Komiyama T Li X Morishima Y Merry DE Pratt WB 2013 Activation of Hsp70 reduces neurotoxicity by promoting polyglutamine protein degradation Nat Chem Biol 9 112 118 23222885 PMC3552084
- Wang AM Morishima Y Clapp KM Peng HM Pratt WB Gestwicki JE Osawa Y Lieberman AP 2010 Inhibition of hsp70 by methylene blue affects signaling protein function and ubiquitination and modulates polyglutamine protein degradation J Biol Chem 285 15714 15723 20348093 PMC2871437
- Wheeler TM Leger AJ Pandey SK MacLeod AR Nakamori M Cheng SH Wentworth BM Bennett CF Thornton CA 2012 Targeting nuclear RNA for in vivo correction of myotonic dystrophy Nature 488 111 115 22859208 PMC4221572
- Yu RZ Kim TW Hong A Watanabe TA Gaus HJ Geary RS 2007 Cross-species pharmacokinetic comparison from mouse to man of a second-generation antisense oligonucleotide, ISIS 301012, targeting human apolipoprotein B-100 Drug Metab Dispos 35 460 468 17172312
- Yu Z Dadgar N Albertelli M Gruis K Jordan C Robins DM Lieberman AP 2006a Androgen-dependent pathology demonstrates myopathic contribution to the Kennedy disease phenotype in a mouse knock-in model J Clin Invest 116 2663 2672 16981011 PMC1564432
- Yu Z Dadgar N Albertelli M Scheller A Albin RL Robins DM Lieberman AP 2006b Abnormalities of Germ Cell Maturation and Sertoli Cell Cytoskeleton in Androgen Receptor 113 CAG Knock-In Mice Reveal Toxic Effects of the Mutant Protein Am J Pathol 168 195 204 16400023 PMC1592669
- Yu Z Wang AM Adachi H Katsuno M Sobue G Yue Z Robins DM Lieberman AP 2011 Macroautophagy Is Regulated by the UPR-Mediator CHOP and Accentuates the Phenotype of SBMA Mice PLoS Genet 7 e1002321 22022281 PMC3192827
- Yu Z Wang AM Robins DM Lieberman AP 2009 Altered RNA splicing contributes to skeletal muscle pathology in Kennedy disease knock-in mice Dis Model Mech 2 500 507 19692580 PMC2737058
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Antisense drugs make sense for neurological diseases
Bennett, C. F., Kordasiewicz, H. B., & Cleveland, D. W. (2021) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023738 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationCrippa, V., D’Agostino, V. G., Cristofani, R., Rusmini, P., Cicardi, M. E., Messi, E., Loffredo, R., Pancher, M., Piccolella, M., Galbiati, M., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep22827 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Protein Misfolding and Aggregation as a Therapeutic Target for Polyglutamine Diseases
Takeuchi, T., & Nagai, Y. (2017) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci7100128 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Cristofani, R., Rusmini, P., Galbiati, M., Cicardi, M. E., Ferrari, V., Tedesco, B., Casarotto, E., Chierichetti, M., Messi, E., Piccolella, M., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00796 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Agarwala, A., Jones, P., & Nambi, V. (2015) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-014-0467-4 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Tejwani, L., Jung, Y., Kokubu, H., Sowmithra, S., Ni, L., Lee, C., Sanders, B., Lee, P. J., Xiang, Y., Luttik, K., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci138207 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“been the disease-causing protein itself (33, 42-45).”
BackgroundHijikata, Y., Katsuno, M., Suzuki, K., Hashizume, A., Araki, A., Yamada, S., Inagaki, T., Ito, D., Hirakawa, A., Kinoshita, F., et al. (2018) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.8655 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lieberman, A. P., Yu, Z., Murray, S., Peralta, R., Low, A., Guo, S., Yu, X. X., Cortes, C. J., Bennett, C. F., Monia, B. P., La Spada, A. R., & Hung, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lieberman, Andrew P.
- Hung, Gene
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 774-784
- ISSN
- 2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4356525
- OpenAlex
- W2050679356
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 12
- FWCI
- 9.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS055746, R01NS041648)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Keywords
- spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, androgen receptor, polyglutamine, antisense oligonucleotides, muscle atrophy, motor neuronopathy, BAC transgenic mice, lifespan extension, muscle gene expression, grip strength, subcutaneous drug delivery
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Body Weight, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Phenotype, Receptors, Androgen, Testosterone, Survival Rate, Oligonucleotides, Antisense, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Hand Strength, Muscular Disorders, Atrophic, Mice, Gene Knock-In Techniques, Transcriptome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review