Cited by 35Heat shock proteins researchAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ResearchGenetic Neurodegenerative Diseases

The regulation of the small heat shock protein B8 in misfolding protein diseases causing motoneuronal and muscle cell death

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Cristofani, Riccardo, Rusmini, Paola, Galbiati, Mariarita, Cicardi, Maria Elena, Ferrari, Veronica, Tedesco, Barbara, Casarotto, Elena, Chierichetti, Marta +5 more·2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience

Abstract

Misfolding protein diseases are a wide class of disorders in which the aberrantly folded protein aggregates accumulate in affected cells. In the brain and in the skeletal muscle, misfolded protein accumulation induces a variety of cell dysfunctions that frequently lead to cell death. In motoneuron diseases (MNDs), misfolded proteins accumulate primarily in motoneurons, glial cells and/or skeletal muscle cells, altering motor function. The deleterious effects of misfolded proteins can be counteracted by the activity of the protein quality control (PQC) system, composed of chaperone proteins and degradative systems. Here, we focus on a PQC system component: heat shock protein family B (small) member 8 (HSPB8), a chaperone induced by harmful stressful events, including proteotoxicity. In motoneuron and muscle cells, misfolded proteins activate HSPB8 transcription and enhance HSPB8 levels, which contributes to prevent aggregate formation and their harmful effects. HSPB8 acts not only as a chaperone, but also facilitates the autophagy process, to enable the efficient clearance of the misfolded proteins. HSPB8 acts as a dimer bound to the HSP70 co-chaperone BAG3, a scaffold protein that is also capable of binding to HSP70 (associated with the E3-ligase CHIP) and dynein. When this complex is formed, it is transported by dynein to the microtubule organization center (MTOC), where aggresomes are formed. Here, misfolded proteins are engulfed into nascent autophagosomes to be degraded via the chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). When CASA is insufficient or impaired, HSP70 and CHIP associate with an alternative co-chaperone, BAG1, which routes misfolded proteins to the proteasome for degradation. The finely tuned equilibrium between proteasome and CASA activity is thought to be crucial for maintaining the functional cell homeostasis during proteotoxic stresses, which in turn is essential for cell survival. This fine equilibrium seems to be altered in MNDs, like Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), contributing to the onset and the progression of disease. Here, we will review how misfolded proteins may affect the PQC system and how the proper activity of this system can be restored by boosting or regulating HSPB8 activity, with the aim to ameliorate disease progression in these two fatal MNDs.

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Crossref · 10.3389/fnins.2019.00796

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  • Loss of proteostasis leads to proteome mislocalisation and aggregation, triggers proteotoxic insults and cell death, which adversely impacts the physiological function of skeletal muscle.

    “Loss of proteostasis leads to proteome mislocalisation and aggregation, triggers proteotoxic insults and cell death, which further adversely impacts the physiological function of skeletal muscle (53).”

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  1. Fuchs M. Poirier D. J. Seguin S. J. Lambert H. Carra S. Charette S. J. (2010). Identification of the key structural motifs involved in HspB8/HspB6-Bag3 interaction. Biochem. J. 425 245– 255. 10.1042/BJ20090907 19845507 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Lilienbaum A. (2013). Relationship between the proteasomal system and autophagy. Int. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 4 1– 26. 23638318 PMC3627065

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Authors
Cristofani, R., Rusmini, P., Galbiati, M., Cicardi, M. E., Ferrari, V., Tedesco, B., Casarotto, E., Chierichetti, M., Messi, E., Piccolella, M., Carra, S., Crippa, V., & Poletti, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Milan (IT)
  • University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
Corresponding author
Poletti, Angelo
Venue
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Published
2019-08-02
Volume
13
Pages
796-796
ISSN
1662-453X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2962463215
Cited by
35
References
178
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5
FWCI
0.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Fondazione Telethon
  • Fondazione Cariplo (2014-0686)
  • Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la Sclerosi Laterale Amiotrofica
  • Association Française contre les Myopathies
  • Università degli Studi di Milano
  • Ministero della Salute
  • Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Ministero della Salute
  • Regione Lombardia
  • Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (2015LFPNMN)
  • European Molecular Biology Organization
  • International Brain Research Organization
  • EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
Keywords
HSPB8, protein misfolding, protein quality control, molecular chaperones, HSP70, BAG3, BAG-1, CHIP, dynein, aggresomes, chaperone-assisted selective autophagy, proteasome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, motoneuron death, muscle cell death, proteotoxicity, protein aggregation, motor neuron disease

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