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Intestinal Permeability and Its Regulation by Zonulin: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications
Open accessAbstract
One of the most important and overlooked functions of the gastrointestinal tract is to provide a dynamic barrier to tightly controlled antigen trafficking through both the transcellular and paracellular pathways. Intercellular tight junctions (TJ) are the key structures regulating paracellular trafficking of macromolecules. Although steady progress has been made in understanding TJ ultrastructure, relatively little is known about their pathophysiological regulation. Our discovery of zonulin, the only known physiological modulator of intercellular TJ described so far, increased understanding of the intricate mechanisms that regulate gut permeability and led us to appreciate that its up-regulation in genetically susceptible individuals may lead to immune-mediated diseases. This information has translational implications, because the zonulin pathway is currently exploited to develop both diagnostic and therapeutic applications pertinent to a variety of immune-mediated diseases.
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“Zonulin, the only physiological modulator of tight junctions described to date, was discovered as the precursor of haptoglobin-2 (pre-Hp2) [266] and is essential for the regulation of intestinal permeability [267,268,269] (Figure 3).”
From Gut-pancreas-liver Axis as a target for treatment of NAFLD/NASH (2020) · cites this paper as [266]
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“Zonulin, the only physiological modulator of tight junctions described to date, was discovered as the precursor of haptoglobin-2 (pre-Hp2) [266] and is essential for the regulation of intestinal permeability [267,268,269] (Figure 3).”
From Gut-pancreas-liver Axis as a target for treatment of NAFLD/NASH (2020) · cites this paper as [266]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fasano, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fasano, Alessio
- ORCID
- Fasano, Alessio
- Venue
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1096-1100
- ISSN
- 1542-3565 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3458511
- OpenAlex
- W1988279036
- Cited by
- 402
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 8.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 48373, R01DK048373, R21DK078699, DK-078699)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Keywords
- intestinal permeability, zonulin, tight junctions, paracellular permeability, transcellular permeability, antigen trafficking, immune-mediated diseases, intestinal barrier
- MeSH terms
- Cholera Toxin, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Haptoglobins, Humans, Immune System Diseases, Intestinal Mucosa, Permeability, Protein Precursors, Tight Junctions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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