The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Association Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk for Hepatocellular Cancer, Based on Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been implicated as a cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a systematic review of epidemiology studies to confirm the association between these disorders. METHODS: We searched PubMed for original reports published from January 1992 to December 2011 that evaluated the association between NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cryptogenic cirrhosis presumed to be NASH-related, and the risk of HCC. Studies were categorized as offering potential direct evidence (eg, cohort studies) or indirect evidence (eg, case-control, cross-sectional, or case-series studies) for an association. We analyzed data from a total of 17 cohort studies (3 population based, 9 clinic based [6 limited to patients with cirrhosis], and 5 natural history), 18 case-control and cross-sectional studies, and 26 case series. RESULTS: NAFLD or NASH cohorts with few or no cases of cirrhosis cases had a minimal risk for HCC (cumulative HCC mortality of 0%-3% for study periods up to 20 y). Cohorts with NASH and cirrhosis had a consistently higher risk (cumulative incidence ranging from 2.4% over 7 y to 12.8% over 3 y). However, the risk for HCC was substantially lower in these cohorts than for cohorts with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. Factors that increased risk among cohorts with NASH and cirrhosis could not be determined, because most studies were not sufficiently powered for multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review shows that despite several limitations, there is epidemiologic evidence to support an association between NAFLD or NASH and an increased risk of HCC; risk seems to be limited to individuals with cirrhosis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A systematic review and a metaanalysis concluded that the risk estimate is likely too low to justify routine screening in MASLD without evidence of advanced fi brosis. 241”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [241]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“the HCC incidence in individuals without cirrhosis is very low, ranging from 0.08 to 0.63 per 1,000 PY. 240 -244”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [241]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a spectrum of clinical and pathological severity.
MATTEONI, C., YOUNOSSI, Z., GRAMLICH, T., BOPARAI, N., LIU, Y., & MCCULLOUGH, A. (1999) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70506-8 · Cited by 3,345
The Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Adams, L. A., Lymp, J. F., St. Sauver, J., Sanderson, S. O., Lindor, K. D., Feldstein, A., & Angulo, P. (2005) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.04.014 · Cited by 2,890
Thomas, A. C., & Campbell, J. H. (2000) · Cited by 2,800
Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes
Ekstedt, M., Franzén, L. E., Mathiesen, U. L., Thorelius, L., Holmqvist, M., Bodemar, G., & Kechagias, S. (2006) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21327 · Cited by 2,302
Williams, C. D., Stengel, J. Z., Asike, M., Torres, D. M., Shaw, J. C., Contreras, M., Landt, C. L., & Harrison, S. A. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.09.038 · Cited by 2,182
Bugianesi, E., Leone, N., Vanni, E., Marchesini, G., Brunello, F., CARUCCI, P., Musso, A., Paolis, P. D., Capussotti, L., Salizzoni, M., et al. (2002) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2002.34168 · Cited by 1,436
Musso, G., Gambino, R., Cassader, M., & Pagano, G. (2010) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890.2010.518623 · Cited by 1,304
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–773 of 773
Modern morphological characteristics of alcoholic, non-alcoholic and toxic steatohepatitis
Tumanskiy, V. A., Tumanskaya, L. M., Фень, С. В., & Kurtev, A. V. (2019) · Bukovinian Medical Herald · doi:10.24061/2413-0737.xxiii.2.90.2019.51
Association between hepatocellular carcinoma and type 2 diabetes in a sample of Egyptian patients
Wakeel, M. E. S. E., Hassan, Z., El-Naggar, A., & Elsayed, M. A. N. (2020) · The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty Girls · doi:10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_31_20
Niazi, M. A., Shukla, P. A., & Pyrsopoulos, N. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90761-1_51-1
Fernandes, M. S. D. S., Departamento de Educa玢o f韘ica, A. P. M. R., Santos, G. C. J., de Lima, I. J., da Silva, W. F., Barbosa, S. D. S., Costa, M. R., dos Santos, R. M., de Oliveira, T. L. P. S., Ribeiro, I. D. C., et al. (2020) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research · doi:10.17554/j.issn.2224-3992.2020.09.957
Non-viral liver diseases: pathogenetic approaches to therapy
Osadchuk, M. A., & Mironova, E. D. (2019) · Medical alphabet · doi:10.33667/2078-5631-2019-2-20(395)-30-36
Relação entre doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica e alterações cardíacas
do Nascimento, M., Gregolin, C. S., Luvizotto, R. D. A. M., Cicogna, A. C., & do Nascimento, A. F. (2020) · Scientific Electronic Archives · doi:10.36560/14420211248
Romero, A. M., Habraken, S., & Sprengers, D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-1815-4_7
Alhumaid, A. S., Tourkmani, A. M., & Kofi, M. A. (2021) · International Journal of Advanced Community Medicine · doi:10.33545/comed.2021.v4.i1a.181
The Role of Transient Elastography in NAFLD
Pennisi, G., Giammanco, A., & Petta, S. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-74132-7_5
Personalised medicine for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Taylor, A. (2021) · Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee)
da Silva, J. P. M. (2021) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2021.tde-06122021-143038
(2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-21152-2.00009-8
Stepanova, M., & Younossi, Z. M. (2019) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.04.055
Lim, L. R. B., & Jones, D. B. (2013) · International Anesthesiology Clinics · doi:10.1097/aia.0b013e31829813f8
II. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease NAFLD as an Harbinger of Cancer: Implications for India
(2021) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2021.06.003
Afif, A., Mazhar, Z., Nazir, M., & Bashir, S. (2021) · DIET FACTOR (Journal of Nutritional & Food Sciences) · doi:10.54393/df.v2i01.24
Diagnostik: Leberfettquantifizierung
Elshaarawy, O., Mueller, J. H., Straub, S., & Mueller, S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-62484-5_13
(2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-37678-5.50142-0
Samarasinghe, S. M., Hewage, A. S., Siriwardena, R., Tennekoon, K. H., Niriella, M. A., Silva, S. D., & Viswakula, S. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2336549/v1
Psychiatric Aspects of Obesity in Transplantation
Hussain, F. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-15052-4_9
Pavlov, C. S., Turankova, T. A., & Varganova, D. L. (2023) · Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal · doi:10.34014/2227-1848-2023-1-50-62
A Chronic Cough and Something More: An Unusual Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Cuartas-Mesa, M. C., Noboa, M. E. R., Choroomi, Y., Aryal, B., Venkataramanan, A., & Litvin, R. F. D. A. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.37300
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Sun, K., Hodges, A. W., & Abdelrahim, M. (2023) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.106816
Yendewa, G. A., Khazan, A., & Jacobson, J. M. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.07.07.23292294
Gado, T. H., Asal, S. A., Abdelraouf, F. H., & Samie, R. M. A. (2024) · doi:10.22541/au.170667525.59258175/v1
Kimura, M., Nishikawa, K., Imamura, J., & Kimura, K. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.53278
Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Ye, Q., Yan, X., & Ding, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18849368
Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Ye, Q., Yan, X., & Ding, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18849374
Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Ye, Q., Yan, X., & Ding, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18849371
Mohamed, I. B., Sabagh, A. E., ZainAloor, F., Talkhan, M. E., lami, Z. A., Bhongade, M., Jain, S., & Jalal, P. K. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26711-6.00041-x
Lysosomal Disturbances in Metabolic Disorders
Li, M. (2024) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20241213ml
Early-Life Environmental Exposures Reprogram Epigenomic Aging to Alter Gene Expression TrajectoriesPreprint
Grimm, S. L., Jangid, R. K., Bartolomei, M. S., Dolinoy, D. C., Aylor, D. L., Mutlu, G. M., Biswal, S. S., Zhang, B., Wang, T., Coarfa, C., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.04.21.649824
Hernáez, R., & Kanwal, F. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-90225-3_3
Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Ye, Q., Yan, X., & Ding, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18849383
Zhengdong, A., Xiaoying, X., Shuhui, F., Rui, L., Zehui, T., Guanbin, S., Li, Y., Xi, T., & Wanqian, L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26703298
Hu, C., Wang, T., Zhuang, X., Sun, Q., Wang, X., Lin, H., Feng, M., Zhang, J., Cao, Q., & Jiang, Y. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14431552
Zhengdong, A., Xiaoying, X., Shuhui, F., Rui, L., Zehui, T., Guanbin, S., Li, Y., Xi, T., & Wanqian, L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25560909
Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Ye, Q., Yan, X., & Ding, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18849377
Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Ma, Y., Ye, Q., Yan, X., & Ding, L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18849365
Zhengdong, A., Xiaoying, X., Shuhui, F., Rui, L., Zehui, T., Guanbin, S., Li, Y., Xi, T., & Wanqian, L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26703295
Hu, C., Wang, T., Zhuang, X., Sun, Q., Wang, X., Lin, H., Feng, M., Zhang, J., Cao, Q., & Jiang, Y. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14431555
Zhengdong, A., Xiaoying, X., Shuhui, F., Rui, L., Zehui, T., Guanbin, S., Li, Y., Xi, T., & Wanqian, L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25560882
Zhengdong, A., Xiaoying, X., Shuhui, F., Rui, L., Zehui, T., Guanbin, S., Li, Y., Xi, T., & Wanqian, L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26703292
Die nichtalkoholische Steatohepatitis als viszerale Manifestation des metabolischen Syndroms
Röcken, C. (2013) · Die Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1007/s11377-013-0823-x
Longkumer, S., & Swargiary, M. D. (2026) · Egyptian Liver Journal · doi:10.1186/s43066-026-00489-5
Hussain, Z., Rehman, A., Samnani, S., Habib, A., & Sajjad, Z. (2026) · BMC Medical Imaging · doi:10.1186/s12880-026-02159-9
Wen, Y., Amjad, N., Mukamab, O., Amissah, O. B., Xie, W., Zhou, P., Song, A., Wang, L., Li, J., Huang, R., et al. (2026) · Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13770-025-00780-3
Han, S., Mensah, B., Gaddipati, G. N., Singh, S., Varesiddy, R., Bilalaga, M. M., Atarere, J. O., Naqvi, H., & Haas, C. (2026) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2026.2632060
Yuan, Y., Lin, C., Zhang, T., Song, C., Sun, Y., & Tang, H. (2026) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-026-05115-0 · Cited by 2
Liver Fibrosis Tests and Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery in Morbidly Obese Patients With MASLD
Prathyajuta, P., Prasoppokakorn, T., Thanapirom, K., Kachornvitaya, P., Sonsiri, K., Phathong, C., Khemtong, A., Udomsawaengsup, S., & Treeprasertsuk, S. (2026) · Portal hypertension & cirrhosis · doi:10.1002/poh2.70034
Role of autophagy in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Hammoutène, A. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/bce7a140z3574z43dbza40ez1cd3403ed525
Développement d'une stratégie Cheval de Troie dans le traitement du carcinome hépatocellulaire
Nayagom, B. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/780d49f6zde47z4ff1z9bc4z7e014070104c
Plasticité des muqueuses gastrique et instestinale après chirurgie bariatrique
Ribeiro‐Parenti, L. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ebd178d7z525fz46c6z9ca5z6babd16dee1b
Rôle des cellules endothéliales dans le carcinome hépatocellulaire associé au syndrome métabolique
Laouirem, S. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/8139d5c7zb3b1z466az837az2b9408b374a8
Marqueurs diagnostiques et pronostiques de la stéatohépatite métabolique
Coilly, A. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/488abf31z3acfz4f13z88e2zd974ef8b9b7b
Guillard, J. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f98c5197z2bf3z42a9z946az3cce0b05462c
Pham, A. G., Le, A. V.-K., Pham, Y. T., Nguyen, L. S., Nguyen, H. L., Quach, N., Cao, T. M., Nguyen, H. T., Thai, X. T., Luong, A. T., et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-45659-y
Oral, A., Türker, B. Ç., Anılır, E., Şahin, T., Koçak, E., & Türker, F. (2026) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s555563
Fan, W.-J., Wu, Y.-M., Liu, X.-Y., Zhang, C.-A., Hu, C., Wang, B.-B., & Ding, H. (2026) · Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international · doi:10.1016/j.hbpd.2026.08.008
Metabolic Dysfunction and Hepatocarcinogenesis: The Rising Burden of MASLD-Related HCC
Ramírez-Mejía, M. M., Montoya-López, M., Gómez-Camacho, S., Martínez-Díaz, F. M., Jiménez-Cuevas, E. A., & Méndez-Sánchez, N. (2026) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1017917
Liver Transplantation for NASH-Related Cirrhosis
Anderson, C. D. (2015) · Current Surgery Reports · doi:10.1007/s40137-015-0101-6
Oral health in liver transplant recipients
Helenius‐Hietala, J. (2013) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
Metadata
- Authors
- White, D. L., Kanwal, F., & El–Serag, H. B.
- Affiliations
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- White, Donna L.
- Venue
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1342-1359.e2
- ISSN
- 1542-3565 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3501546
- OpenAlex
- W1975567145
- Cited by
- 766
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 76 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 56
- FWCI
- 6.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (HFP90-020, DK56338)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK56338, K24DK078154, K24 DK081736-01, K01 DK078154-03, K01DK081736, P30DK056338)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, cryptogenic cirrhosis, cancer risk, HCC mortality
- MeSH terms
- Fatty Liver, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Risk Assessment, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
