Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the urban atmosphere
Abstract
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in air has been well known as the indicator of photochemical smog due to its frequent occurrences in Seoul metropolitan area. This study was implemented to assess the distribution characteristics of atmospheric PAN in association with relevant parameters measured concurrently. During a full year period in 2011, PAN was continuously measured at hourly intervals at two monitoring sites, Gwang Jin (GJ) and Gang Seo (GS) in the megacity of Seoul, South Korea. The annual mean concentrations of PAN during the study period were 0.64±0.49 and 0.57±0.46 ppb, respectively. The seasonal trends of PAN generally exhibited dual peaks in both early spring and fall, regardless of sites. Their diurnal trends were fairly comparable to each other. There was a slight time lag (e.g., 1 h) in the peak occurrence pattern between O3 and PAN, as the latter trended to peak after the maximum UV irradiance period (16:00 (GJ) and 17:00 (GS)). The concentrations of PAN generally exhibited strong correlations with particulates. The results of this study suggest that PAN concentrations were affected sensitively by atmospheric stability, the wet deposition of NO2, wind direction, and other factors.
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This represents a significant deterioration of regional air quality, as PAN is harmful to human health and directly related to ethane concentrations.
“This represents a significant deterioration of regional air quality, as PAN, a lachrymator and urban smog component is harmful to human health52,53, and directly related to ethane concentrations54.”
From The Red Sea Deep Water is a potent source of atmospheric ethane and propane (2020) · cites this paper as [53]
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The Red Sea Deep Water is a potent source of atmospheric ethane and propane
Bourtsoukidis, E., Pozzer, A., Sattler, T., Matthaios, V. N., Ernle, L., Edtbauer, A., Fischer, H., Könemann, T., Osipov, S., Paris, J.-D., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14375-0 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Lee, J.-B., Yoon, J.-S., Jung, K., Eom, S.-W., Chae, Y.-Z., Cho, S.-J., Kim, S.-D., Sohn, J. R., & Kim, K.-H.
- Affiliations
- Seoul Metropolitan Government (KR)
- University of Seoul (KR)
- Korea University (KR)
- Sejong University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Ki-Hyun
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-11
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1796-1803
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2090246648
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (20094010200030)
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2009-0093848)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Keywords
- peroxyacetyl nitrate, photochemical smog, urban air pollution, Seoul metropolitan area, seasonal variation, diurnal variation, ozone, particulate matter, atmospheric stability, wind direction, air quality monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Atmosphere, Environmental Monitoring, Peracetic Acid, Seasons, Wind, Republic of Korea
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