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Relation between cadmium body burden and cognitive function in older men: A cross-sectional study in China
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a known neurotoxicant and its relation with cognition has been well studied in children. However, evidence linking Cd and cognitive function among older individuals is limited. To evaluate the association between Cd exposure and cognitive function in older age, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 375 older men aged 60-74 years (mean age: 66.0 years) in Guangxi, China. Urinary Cd concentrations were measured. Cognitive function was assessed by the Chinese version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and cognitive impairment was identified using education-specific cutoff points of MMSE scores. General linear regression and logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the associations of urinary Cd concentrations with MMSE scores and the risk of cognitive impairment, respectively. The median urinary Cd concentration of all participants was 1.58 μg/g creatinine. Urinary Cd levels were inversely associated with MMSE scores [β = -0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.28 to -0.23 for a 2-fold increase in urinary Cd]. A 2-fold increase in urinary Cd was associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.86]. When urinary Cd levels were analyzed as quartiles, higher urinary Cd levels were also significantly associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment in a dose-response manner (adjusted OR = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.33 to 5.38 for the highest vs. lowest quartile; p for trend = 0.002). Our findings suggest that long-term exposure to Cd may have adverse consequences for older men's cognitive function, but these results need further confirmation.
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“Toxic metals such as As, Cd, Pb, and Hg are associated with cancer, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic health conditions [228,229].”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [228]
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Sorted by citations
Khaliq, M., Noor, Z., Moazzam, M., Saeed, F., Tul-Zohra, K., Tariq, E., Muhammad Shahbaz, H., & Khaliq, K. (2026) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2026.2637282 · Cited by 4
“Toxic metals such as As, Cd, Pb, and Hg are associated with cancer, cognitive impairment, cardiovascular diseases, and other chronic health conditions [228,229].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Peng, Y., Li, Z., Yang, X., Yang, L., He, M., Zhang, H., Wei, X., Qin, J., Li, X., Lu, G., Zhang, L., Yang, Y., Zhang, Z., & Zou, Y.
- Affiliations
- Guangxi Medical University (CN)
- Guilin Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhang, Zhiyong
- Zou, Yunfeng
- ORCID
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 250
- Pages
- 126535
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3012054549
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673135, 81760145, 81872658)
- Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2018GXNSFAA294097)
- Guangxi Natural Science Found for Innovation Research Team (2017GXNSFGA198003)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- cadmium, cognitive impairment, cognitive function, urinary cadmium, body burden, neurotoxicity, older men, dose-response relationship, environmental exposure, Guangxi
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Body Burden, Cadmium, Child, China, Cognition, Creatinine, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Cognitive Dysfunction
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