Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples by single drop microextraction and gas chromatography-flame photometric detector
Abstract
In this paper we have developed single drop microextraction (SDME) with modified 1.00 microl microsyringe, followed by gas chromatography with flame photometric detector (GC-FPD) for determination of 13 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in water samples. By using a 1.00 microl microsyringe the repeatability of drop volume and injection were improved, because of using maximum volume of microsyringe and no dead volume. On the other hand, the modification of needle tip caused increasing cross section of needle tip and increasing adhesion force between needle tip and drop, thereby increasing drop stability and achieving a higher stirrer speed (up to 1700 rpm). The method used 0.9 microl of carbon tetrachloride as extractant solvent, 40 min extraction time, stirring at 1300 rpm and no salt addition. The enrichment factor of this method ranged from 540 to 830. The linear ranges were 0.01-100 microg/l (four orders of magnitude) and limits of detection were 0.001-0.005 microg/l for most of analyte. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) for 2 microg/l of OPPs in water by using internal standard was in the range 1.1-8.6% (n = 5). The recoveries of OPPs from farm water at spiking level of 1.0 microg/l were 91-104%.
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LPME is a non-equilibrium extraction method in most cases.
“Also, LPME is non-equilibrium extraction method in the most cases [15,27].”
From Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (2006) · cites this paper as [15]
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Determination of organic compounds in water using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction
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- Authors
- Ahmadi, F., Assadi, Y., Hosseini, S. M. R. M., & Rezaee, M.
- Affiliations
- Iran University of Science and Technology (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Assadi, Y.
- Venue
- Journal of Chromatography A
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 1101
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 307-312
- ISSN
- 0021-9673 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1995714425
- Cited by
- 325
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 15.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Chromatography A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Iran University of Science and Technology
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Keywords
- organophosphorus pesticides, single-drop microextraction, water analysis, carbon tetrachloride extraction, drop stability, enrichment factor, flame photometric detection
- MeSH terms
- Chromatography, Gas, Chemical Fractionation, Microchemistry, Organophosphorus Compounds, Pesticide Residues, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Water Supply
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