Blood levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in children and their association with oxidative stress indices: An Indian perspective
Abstract
Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some ubiquitous environmental contaminants are capable to cause oxidative stress, during its metabolism. It is believed that many diseases that have a common origin in oxidative stress begin in childhood. Considering oxidative stress evolved during PAHs metabolism as one main mechanism responsible for health hazards related to PAHs exposure in children, we biomonitored blood PAHs levels in connection with redox status among children of Lucknow (India).Methods The study consisted of children (n = 50) who visited to the Pediatrics Department (KGMU) Lucknow for usual health check-up camp over the study period (August 2005-July 2006). Blood samples were drawn and levels of acenaphthylene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, naphthalene, pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene were determined by HPLC-FD/UV. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also determined to evaluate redox status.Results Significantly elevated carcinogenic blood PAHs levels (125.55 +/- 26.99ppb, p < 0.05) were found in rural children compared to children from urban region (23.96 +/- 13.46). Results revealed that remoteness between residence and highway/traffic, significantly influences the blood levels of carcinogenic PAHs. There were significant correlations between total PAHs and MDA (r = 0.82, p < 0.001), carcinogenic PAHs and SOD activity (r = 0.35, p < 0.01), Total PAHs and blood GSH level (r = - 0.49, p < 0.01) and carcinogenic PAHs and CAT activity (r = 0.42, p < 0.01). Blood MDA level was also found correlated with increasing body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.29, p < 0.05).Conclusion Our results showed blood PAHs levels in children significantly correlated with oxidative stress and altered antioxidant status. It supports our hypothesis that the children exposed to high PAHs level will suffer more to oxidative stress that may lead to possible health risks. Additional studies with large sample size are considered necessary to strengthen the database and also to explore the PAHs associated health risks in children.
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PAHs and their metabolites can be found in the blood of adults, children and neonates, as well as in urine and maternal milk.
“Advances in bioanalytical methods have now revealed that PAHs and their metabolites can be found in the blood of adults,24, 25, 26, 27 children28, 29 and neonates,26, 30 as well as in urine18, 31, 32, 33 and maternal milk.26”
From The impact of airborne pollution on skin (2019) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Singh, V. K., Patel, D. K., Jyoti, Ram, S., Mathur, N., & Siddiqui, M. K. J.
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (IN)
- King George's Medical University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Patel, D.K.
- Venue
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-02
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 152-161
- ISSN
- 0009-9120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2057606038
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, children, oxidative stress, antioxidant status, biomonitoring, malondialdehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, benzo[a]pyrene, traffic exposure, urban-rural differences, body mass index, Lucknow, environmental pollutants, redox state, lipid peroxidation
- MeSH terms
- Vehicle Emissions, Carcinogens, Environmental, Catalase, Child, Child, Preschool, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Glutathione, Humans, India, Malondialdehyde, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Retrospective Studies, Rural Population, Superoxide Dismutase, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Urban Population, Oxidative Stress
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