Artificial Intelligence for Radiotherapy Auto-Contouring: Current Use, Perceptions of and Barriers to Implementation
Open accessAbstract
AIMS: Artificial intelligence has the potential to transform the radiotherapy workflow, resulting in improved quality, safety, accuracy and timeliness of radiotherapy delivery. Several commercially available artificial intelligence-based auto-contouring tools have emerged in recent years. Their clinical deployment raises important considerations for clinical oncologists, including quality assurance and validation, education, training and job planning. Despite this, there is little in the literature capturing the views of clinical oncologists with respect to these factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Royal College of Radiologists realises the transformational impact artificial intelligence is set to have on our specialty and has appointed the Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Oncology working group. The aim of this work was to survey clinical oncologists with regards to perceptions, current use of and barriers to using artificial intelligence-based auto-contouring for radiotherapy. Here we share our findings with the wider clinical and radiation oncology communities. We hope to use these insights in developing support, guidance and educational resources for the deployment of auto-contouring for clinical use, to help develop the case for wider access to artificial intelligence-based auto-contouring across the UK and to share practice from early-adopters. RESULTS: In total, 78% of clinical oncologists surveyed felt that artificial intelligence would have a positive impact on radiotherapy. Attitudes to risk were more varied, but 49% felt that artificial intelligence will decrease risk for patients. There is a marked appetite for urgent guidance, education and training on the safe use of such tools in clinical practice. Furthermore, there is a concern that the adoption and implementation of such tools is not equitable, which risks exacerbating existing inequalities across the country. CONCLUSION: Careful coordination is required to ensure that all radiotherapy departments, and the patients they serve, may enjoy the benefits of artificial intelligence in radiotherapy. Professional organisations, such as the Royal College of Radiologists, have a key role to play in delivering this.
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Many studies reported an expected increase in overall efficiency as a facilitating factor, a reduction in overall workload, or improved time management.
“many studies reported an expected increase in overall efficiency [38, 41, 44, 45, 55, 56, 62, 67, 77–80] as a facilitating factor, a reduction in overall workload [82–84] or improved time management [52, 66].”
Ten studies describe factors relating to AI's impact on clinical tasks, such as an overall decreased time spent on repetitive medical and non-medical tasks and the possibility to delegate other tasks to AI, which could allow more time and focus on direct interaction with patients or other perceived critical tasks.
“Ten studies describe factors relating to AI’s impact on their clinical tasks, such as an overall decreased time spent on repetitive medical and non-medical tasks [30, 40, 46, 52–55] and the possibility to delegate other tasks to AI [47], which in turn could allow them to focus more time and focus on direct interaction with their patients or other perceived critical tasks [45, 56].”
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- Authors
- Hindocha, S., Zucker, K., Jena, R., Banfill, K., Mackay, K., Price, G., Pudney, D., Wang, J., & Taylor, A.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- The Christie Hospital (GB)
- Royal Marsden Hospital (GB)
- Swansea Bay University Health Board (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Hindocha, S.
- Venue
- Clinical Oncology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-04
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 219-226
- ISSN
- 0936-6555 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4317802035
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 7
- FWCI
- 2.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Cancer Research UK (S_3800)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (CL-2020-02-004)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence, implementation barriers, work planning, Royal College of Radiologists
- MeSH terms
- Artificial Intelligence, Humans, Medical Oncology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Radiation Oncology
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