Metformin Enhances Autophagy and Normalizes Mitochondrial Function to Alleviate Aging-Associated Inflammation

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Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Protect Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Against Oxidation by Modulating Nitric Oxide Release and Autophagy

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Methods in Mammalian Autophagy Research

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Autophagy: cellular and molecular mechanisms

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PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is dependent on VDAC1 and p62/SQSTM1

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Cepharanthine potently enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in K562 cells

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The transcription factor Myc controls metabolic reprogramming upon T lymphocyte activation

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Enalapril mitigates senescence and aging-related phenotypes in human cells and mice via pSmad1/5/9-driven antioxidative genes

Lyu, W., Wang, H., Du, Z., Wei, R., He, J., Meng, F., Bi, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, C., Guan, Y., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.104774.3 · Cited by 1

Protective autophagy enhances antistress ability through AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway in human immortalized keratinocytes

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Peripheral CD4+ T cell phenotype and brain microglial activation associated with cognitive heterogeneity in aged rats

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Corticosteroids plus metformin versus corticosteroids as front‐line treatment for patients with newly diagnosed ITP and pre‐existing type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multicentre propensity score‐matched study

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Metformin Inhibits the Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Regulating the Expression of CCNA2 via E2F1

Wang, L., Huang, Y., Tian, M., Hu, M., Zhang, K., Lian, C., Wang, X., & Zhang, J. (2025) · Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening · doi:10.2174/0113862073348968241101112455 · Cited by 1

A Novel Role of Adipokine ‘Intelectin‐1’: Ameliorating Renal Fibrosis Through Inhibition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Senescence

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Autophagy and Intracellular Membrane Dynamics in Aging and Age-Related Diseases

Minami, S., Nakamura, S., & Yoshimori, T. (2025) · Learning materials in biosciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88121-3_7 · Cited by 1

Metformin in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Barriers

Alasbily, H., Fahmi, F. A., Abdala, M. A., Asheibi, A., Amhidi, A. A., Elallegy, A. A., & Elamami, A. H. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.87455 · Cited by 1

Unleashing the potential of exercise: conquering cardiovascular disease by targeting inflammasome activation

Xiang, L., & Su, Z. (2025) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-025-02927-3 · Cited by 3

Emerging roles of KLF4 regulation of autophagy in different physiological and pathological processes

Zhu, C., Zhang, Q., Hao, F., Zhang, X., & Wang, H. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.115350 · Cited by 1

Sex differences in the skeletal muscle response to metformin treatment and the possible association with gut-muscle axis in rats

Song, L., Wang, R., Cui, J., Hu, S., Wang, J., Xie, J., Miao, P., & Sun, B. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1650805 · Cited by 2

Autophagy and porcine circovirus infection: a mini review

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The effect of metformin in clinical studies on knee osteoarthritis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

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Molecular mechanisms of metformin action: From metabolic effects to lifespan extension and healthspan promotion

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Exercise Ameliorates Immunosenescence: From Mechanisms to Interventions

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Asperosaponin VI delays the progression of facet joint osteoarthritis by promoting mitophagy, inhibiting the cGAS/STING pathway, and attenuating chondrocyte pyroptosis

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Effects of Metformin on Mitochondrial Health and Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review

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Glutamine alleviates Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis by modulating macrophage polarisation

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Role of Succinate Dehydrogenase in Age‐Related Th17 Inflammation

Ocegueda, E., Chase, G., Niceforo, M., Javidan, A., Gugliuzza, L., Yu, J., Kang, R. Y., Lankowski, A., Stefanik, O., Leclerc, K., et al. (2026) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.70451 · Cited by 1

Metabolic licensing at the dendritic cell–NK cells immune synapse in viral asthma exacerbations

Chen, Y.-J., Bassi, G. S., & Yang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1798209 · Cited by 1

Clinically Validated Leptin Receptor as a Target for Liposomal Delivery of Metformin in Endometriosis Therapy

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Lifelong Exercise as a Modulator of CD4 + T Cell Immunometabolism

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Reprogramming Autophagy to Strengthen Antitumour Immunity: Advances in Immunotherapeutic Strategies

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Diabetic Retinopathy: Research Progress from Pathogenic Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets

Zhu, X., Jin, T., Zhang, Y., Lian, L., & Du, W. (2026) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2026.111157 · Cited by 1

Machine Learning-Assisted Label-Free SERS Decoding of Mitochondrial Molecular Dynamics in Ovarian Granulosa Cells during Aging

Xue, H., Li, Z., Wang, Z., Chen, Z., Zhao, P., Jin, Y., & Qi, G. (2026) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5c08173 · Cited by 1

Circadian rhythm, oxidative stress, and cancer immunosuppression

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MAP1S limits autoimmune uveitis by suppressing Th17 differentiation through dual Control of the EGR2-LCN2 axis and autophagic flux

Cai, Y., Xie, L., Li, B., Chen, B., Zou, J., & Xu, H. (2026) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2026.2704443 · Cited by 1

Myeloid Cells As a Promising Target for Brain–Bone Degenerative Diseases from a Metabolic Point of View

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Vutiglabridin exerts anti-ageing effects in aged mice through alleviating age-related metabolic dysfunctions

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Chloramphenicol alleviates 5-fluorouracil-induced cellular senescence through activation of autophagy

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SARS-CoV-2 bulldozes the autophagy pathway and unhinges mitochondrial quality control thereby driving neurodegeneration—A hypothesis

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DNA Damage, Transposable Element Expression and Their Associated Factors in Aging

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Cellular and humoral mechanisms of immune aging

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A framework for addressing senescent cell burden in the osteoarthritic knee

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A brake on inflammaging

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Local IL-17 orchestrates skin agingPreprint

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Haem toxicity in the aged spleen impairs T-cell immunity through iron deprivationPreprint

Ezuz, D., Ombashe, H., watted, L., Atar, O., & Ron‐Harel, N. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.05.592551 · Cited by 1

AGING WITH T CELLS

Pieren, D. K. J. (2021) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/572

Metformin Alleviated Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice Through Inhibition of Autophagy of Osteoclast Precursors Mediated by E2F1Preprint

Xie, X., Hu, L., Mi, B., Xue, H., Xiong, Y., Hu, Y., Panayi, A. C., Endo, Y., Chen, L., Yan, C., et al. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3916096

Exercise-Induced Autophagy in the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia

Fan, J., Mo, X., Zou, K., & Chen, N. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4525-9_10 · Cited by 1

Autophagy Overactivity Regulate Terf1 and Terf2 in Positive and Negative-Telomerase Cancer Cell LinesPreprint

Panahi, M., Samani, S., Mohajeri, N., Bafroee, A. S. T., Baesi, K., & Abdoli, A. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1102455/v1

Discovery of a druggable copper-signaling pathway that drives cell plasticity and inflammationPreprint

Solier, S., Müller, S., Cañeque, T., Versini, A., Baron, L., Gestraud, P., Servant, N., Emam, L., Mansart, A., Pantoş, G. D., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.03.29.486253

An Insight of Autophagy and Cellular Senescence: One Promising Approach for Senescence Delaying

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Pharmacological Down Regulation of PRMT1 Exhibits Antagonistic Effect on Cellular Senescence Mediated by DAHP: Computational Modelling and Experimental Validation

Charles, S., Singh, P., Devi, A., Reddy, A., & Sundaresan, S. (2022) · International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research · doi:10.47583/ijpsrr.2022.v76i02.022

Metformin mitigates early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage primarily by Sirt1 mediated inflammation and neuroapoptosisPreprint

Zhang, Z.-H., Zhou, X., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2877793/v1

Enhancement of ubiquitination-dependent mitophagy by unconventionally-acting PROTACsPreprint

Wen, L. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4130669/v1

Metformin prevents glucocorticoid-induced trabecular meshwork damage and intraocular pressure elevation via activating mitophagyPreprint

Xu, L., Gang, X., Zhou, T., Han, J., Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., Ren, R., Song, S., Qi, B., Mao, H. A., et al. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4157480/v1

Additional file 2 of Metformin attenuates chronic lung allograft dysfunction: evidence in rat models

Tian, D., Zheng, X., Tang, H., Huang, H., Wang, J., Xu, L., Li, C., Yan, H., Yu, R., Nan, J., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23804900

Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy of Lafora

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Mammalian autophagy—focusing on its relationship to disease and aging

Minami, S., & Yoshimori, T. (2024) · Japanese Journal of Thrombosis and Hemostasis · doi:10.2491/jjsth.35.666

DYSREGULATION OF AUTOPHAGY IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUCOCYTES IS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFLAMMAGING IN IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PERSONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SERVICEMEN OF THE DEFENSE FORCES OF UKRAINE AND CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT

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Metformin Against Herpes Zoster in Colon Cancer Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A PSM Analysis

Li, M.-C., Chen, W., Shia, B., & Wu, S. (2025) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.98852

Enalapril mitigates aging by targeting antioxidative genes via phosphorylated Smad1/5/9Preprint

Lyu, W., Wang, H., Du, Z., Wei, R., He, J., Meng, F., Bi, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, C., Guan, Y., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.104774.1

Pharmacologic Modulation of Aging: Metformin–Mitochondrial Interplay

Desoky, E. S. E. (2025) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0000000000001900

The dual role of diabetes on oral potentially malignant disorders

Chen, X., Cheng, Z., Xu, J., Wang, Q., Zhao, Z., Cheng, Q., & Jiang, Q. (2025) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-025-02462-1

TGF-β inhibitor SB431542 suppresses coronavirus replication through multistep inhibitionPreprint

Verma, A., Kumar, G., Khandelwal, N., Mayer, B. E., Rathee, J., Chander, Y., Nokhwal, A., Dhanda, S., Kumar, R., Kamboj, H., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.03.20.644376

The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle Aging

Babayeva, Z. (2025) · NATURE AND SCIENCE · doi:10.36719/2707-1146/58/4-7

Enalapril mitigates senescence and aging-related phenotypes by targeting antioxidative genes via phosphorylated Smad1/5/9Preprint

Lyu, W., Wang, H., Du, Z., Wei, R., He, J., Meng, F., Bi, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, C., Guan, Y., et al. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.104774.2

Shared senescence-associated gene networks in PCOS and T2DM: biomarker identification and functional validation

Kong, M., Lou, K., Liu, D., Dai, Z., Li, T., Yang, Y., Zhang, X., & Chen, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1652178 · Cited by 2

Exploring promising pharmaceutical candidates for antiaging

Nandi, N. K., Lodhi, A., Kumar, D., Lather, V., & Tripathi, P. N. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-36295-8.00014-6

Integration of artificial intelligence and high-content screening enabled identification of drugs for long-term treatment of cerebral cavernous malformation diseasePreprint

Frías-Anaya, E., Gallego-Gutiérrez, H., Bui, C., Birrueta, J. O., Steinberg, J. D., Niesman, I. R., Gongol, B., Nguyen, B., Sawhney, A., Mizushima, Z., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.08.693036 · Cited by 1

Essential role of MHC II in the antitubercular efficacy of pyrazinamide

Lamont, E. A., Kordus, S. L., Howe, M. D., Jia, Z., Schacht, N. A., Rather, M. A., Gebretsadik, G., & Baughn, A. D. (2025) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01264-25

Additional file 1 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735507

Additional file 2 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735510

Additional file 4 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735516

Additional file 3 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735513

Additional file 7 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735525

Additional file 2 of Obesity drives adipose-derived stem cells into a senescent and dysfunctional phenotype associated with P38MAPK/NF-KB axis

Grün, L. K., Maurmann, R. M., Scholl, J. N., Fogaça, M. E., Schmitz, C. R. R., Dias, C., Gasparotto, J., Padoin, A. V., Mottin, C. C., Klamt, F., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24295745

Additional file 8 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735528

Additional file 1 of Association of metformin exposure with low risks of frailty and adverse outcomes in patients with diabetes

Liu, P., Pan, Y., Song, Y., Zhou, Y., Zhang, W., Li, X., Li, J., Li, Y., & Ma, L. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26565935

Additional file 1 of Obesity drives adipose-derived stem cells into a senescent and dysfunctional phenotype associated with P38MAPK/NF-KB axis

Grün, L. K., Maurmann, R. M., Scholl, J. N., Fogaça, M. E., Schmitz, C. R. R., Dias, C. K., Gasparotto, J., Padoin, A. V., Mottin, C. C., Klamt, F., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24295706

Additional file 1 of Metformin attenuates chronic lung allograft dysfunction: evidence in rat models

Tian, D., Zheng, X., Tang, H., Huang, H., Wang, J., Xu, L., Li, C., Yan, H., Yu, R., Nan, J., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23804897

Additional file 6 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735522

Additional file 1 of Metformin normalizes mitochondrial function to delay astrocyte senescence in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease through Mfn2-cGAS signaling

Wang, M., Tian, T., Zhou, H., Jiang, S.-Y., Jiao, Y.-Y., Zhu, Z., Xia, J., Ma, J.-H., & Du, R.-H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25530301

Additional file 5 of The effect of metformin on influenza vaccine responses in nondiabetic older adults: a pilot trial

Martin, D. E., Cadar, A. N., Panier, H. A., Torrance, B. L., Kuchel, G. A., & Bartley, J. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22735519

Additional file 3 of Obesity drives adipose-derived stem cells into a senescent and dysfunctional phenotype associated with P38MAPK/NF-KB axis

Grün, L. K., Maurmann, R. M., Scholl, J. N., Fogaça, M. E., Schmitz, C. R. R., Dias, C. K., Gasparotto, J., Padoin, A. V., Mottin, C. C., Klamt, F., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26625589

Respiratory virus immune response in the aged host

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The potential role of metformin in multiple sclerosis: good or bad, and what’s the lesson

AlAseeri, A. A., Al-Kuraishy, H. M., Al-Gareeb, A. I., Eliwa, D., & Batiha, G. E. (2026) · Neurological Research · doi:10.1080/01616412.2026.2640120

Headache associated with adverse cognitive trajectories in Chinese aging cohort: a group-based trajectory modeling study

Wang, H., Deng, W., & Qiu, W. (2026) · Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10072-026-08922-8

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CytokineProfile: An Integrated Web Tool for Cytokine Profiling Analysis

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Sex- and age-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in a mouse model of familial hypercholesterolemia

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Metformin Suppress Th17 Differentiation and Function to Improve Glandular Function in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

Wang, J., 刘孟黎, Fan, Z., Li, Z., Wang, L., Wang, L., Mei, Y., & Liu, Z. (2026) · International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1111/1756-185x.70669

Metformin Use, Inflammatory Markers, and Mortality in U.S. Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study Using NHANES 2013–2018Preprint

Chen, Y., Guan, J., Wang, Y., Xu, Y., & Sun, H. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.04.29.26352069

Environmentally relevant concentrations of PFDA exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease through impairing macrophagic efferocytosis of apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells

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Antiaging Effects of Mannose-6-Phosphate through Enhanced Mitochondrial Function and Collagen Remodeling

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Immunosenescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

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The effect of metformin treatment during primary influenza infection on heterologous challenge in young and aged mice

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Impact of Metformin on Healthspan-Related Outcomes and Incidence of Diseases of Aging in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

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The novel biguanide SD282 suppresses autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis by controlling the Th17/Treg balance and restoring mitochondrial homeostasis via STAT3 regulation

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Mammalian Respiratory Chain Complex Assemblies and Their Links to Mitochondria Stress-Induced Human Diseases

Guo, R., & Maojun, Y. (2026) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-26629-3_11

O-GlcNAcylation-mediated glycolytic reprogramming of CD4+ T cells contributes to type H vessel impairment in diabetic osteoporosis

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Trichostatin A improves impaired autophagic flux associated with ERK/FoxO3a signaling to alleviate acute pancreatitis

Ma, X., Zhang, Y., Huang, Z., Lin, Y., Zhang, L., Fu, X., & Li, P. A. (2026) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2026.179140

Regulatory role of autophagy in epidermal function

Lei, D., Li, S., Zhang, L., Zhang, G., & Man, M. (2026) · Journal of Dermatological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2026.07.003

Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Drives Time-dependent premature T Cell Senescence: Recipient Microenvironment Modulates Donor T Cell Epigenetic Aging, Telomere Homeostasis and SASP Remodeling

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T helper 17 cells: A new actor on the stage of type 2 diabetes and aging?

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A unique inflammaging profile generated by T cells from people with obesity is metformin resistant

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The biological mechanisms of metformin effects on aging-associated inflammation in obesity

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Metformin ameliorates thymus degeneration of mice by regulating mitochondrial function

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