Cited by 800Neurobiology of Language and BilingualismNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesCategorization, perception, and language

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On the bilingual advantage in conflict processing: Now you see it, now you don’t

Costa, Albert, Hernández, Mireia, Costa-Faidella, Jordi, Sebastián-Gallés, Núria·2009·Cognition

DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2009.08.001

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Abstract

We report two experiments exploring more in detail the bilingual advantage in conflict resolution tasks. In particular, we focus on the origin of the bilingual advantage on overall reaction times in the flanker task. Bilingual and monolingual participants were asked to perform a flanker task under different task versions. In Experiment 1, we used two low-monitoring versions where most of the trials were of just one type (either congruent or incongruent). In Experiment 2, we used two high-monitoring versions where congruent and incongruent trials were more evenly distributed. An effect of bilingualism in overall reaction times was only present in the high-monitoring condition. These results reveal that when the task at hand recruits a good deal of monitoring resources, bilinguals outperform monolinguals. This observation suggests that bilingualism may affect the monitoring processes involved in executive control.

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Introduction
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Acknowledgements
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Simultaneous crib bilingual development and processing
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Monolingual development and processing in children and adults
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Bilingual processing and cognition across the lifespan
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References
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Sequential early child bilingual development and processing
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Sequential adult second language development and processing
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Table of contents
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Knowledge of language and its implementation
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Language development, processing and the brain
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Prelim pages
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Preface
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Index
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Methodology, speakers, and data
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Appendix 1. Participants’ dominance scores and Complementarity Index
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Results
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Conclusion
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Appendix 2. Language background questionnaire (Catalan version)
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Discussion
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Appendix 3. Language background questionnaire (Spanish version)
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Bibliography
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Appendix 4. Intonation surveys (Spanish and Catalan)
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Appendix 5. Dialogue (with translation)
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Index
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Abbreviations
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Introduction
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Theoretical background and description of Castilian Spanish and Central Catalan intonation
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Spanish-Catalan language contact and Catalonian Spanish
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Prelim pages
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Table of contents
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Authors: Costa, A., Hernández, M., Costa-Faidella, J., & Sebastián-Gallés, N.
Affiliations: Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES)
Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
Corresponding author: Costa, Albert
ORCID: Costa, Albert
Hernández, Mireia
Venue: Cognition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-11
Volume: 113
Issue: 2
Pages: 135-149
ISSN: 0010-0277 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2009.08.001
OpenAlex: W2114225305
Cited by: 800
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 21 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 34
FWCI: 9.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Cognition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Categorization, perception, and language
Keywords: bilingualism, bilingual advantage, conflict processing, flanker task, reaction time, task monitoring, executive function, cognitive control
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Attention, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Photic Stimulation, Problem Solving, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Multilingualism, Young Adult

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On the bilingual advantage in conflict processing: Now you see it, now you don’t

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