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Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: a transdiagnostic biomarker of emotion dysregulation and psychopathology
Open accessAbstract
In the past two decades, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)-an index of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)-mediated cardiac control-has emerged as a reliable peripheral biomarker of emotion regulation (ER). Reduced RSA and excessive RSA reactivity (i.e., withdrawal) to emotional challenge are observed consistently among individuals with poor ER capabilities, including those with various forms of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and those with specific psychopathological syndromes, including anxiety, phobias, attention problems, autism, callousness, conduct disorder, depression, non-suicidal self-injury, panic disorder, and trait hostility. Emerging evidence suggests that low RSA and excessive RSA reactivity index poor ER because they are downstream peripheral markers of prefrontal cortex (PFC) dysfunction. Poorly modulated inhibitory efferent pathways from the medial PFC to the PNS result in reduced RSA and excessive RSA reactivity. According to this perspective, RSA is a non-invasive proxy for poor executive control over behavior, which characterizes most forms of psychopathology.
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“possibly helping to explain the ANS dysfunction consistently reported across psychopathologies [51, 52].”
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“Since most forms of psychopathology are characterized by PFC dysfunction [44,45 ], they are also characterized by low resting RSA and excessive RSA reactivity, peripheral biomarkers of poor executive control [41].”
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Sorted by citations
Heart rate variability as a transdiagnostic biomarker of psychopathology
Beauchaine, T. P., & Thayer, J. F. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.08.004 · Cited by 870
“…HF-HRV to assorted challenges—particularly emotion evocation—are associated with symptoms of both internalizing and externalizing psychopathology (see Beauchaine, 2001, 2012, 2015a, 2015b; Porges, 2007; Vasilev et al., 2009), andwith a wide range of psychopathological syndromes, including anxiety…”
InfluentialSelf-citationAldao, A., Gee, D. G., De Los Reyes, A., & Seager, I. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000638 · Cited by 636
“…such as the amygdala and ventral striatum, facilitate emotional reactivity and motivational processes that may be more automatic and tendency related, whereas top-down control mediated by prefrontal regions may be more involved in the volitional regulation of emotion (see Beauchaine, 2015a).”
BackgroundInfluentialEmotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wolff, J. C., Thompson, E., Thomas, S. A., Nesi, J., Bettis, A. H., Ransford, B., Scopelliti, K., Frazier, E. A., & Liu, R. T. (2019) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.004 · Cited by 512
“begun to rely on objective, psychophysiological measures believed to index emotion regulatory capacity—such as respiratory sinus arrhythmia [87,88] and cardiac vagal tone measured through heart rate variability [89].”
BackgroundFuture Directions in Emotion Dysregulation and Youth Psychopathology
Beauchaine, T. P. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2015.1038827 · Cited by 394
“…index of emotion dysregulation is RSA—which quantifies, usually via spectral analysis of the electrocardiogram R-R time series, parasympathetically mediated ebbing and flowing of heart rate across successive respiratory cycles (see Beauchaine, 2001, 2015; Zisner & Beauchaine, in press-b).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCardiac vagal control as a marker of emotion regulation in healthy adults: a review
Balzarotti, S., Biassoni, F., Colombo, B., & Ciceri, M. R. (2017) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.10.008 · Cited by 306
“more in general−because they are peripheral markers of prefrontal cortex inhibitory activity (Beauchaine, 2015).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Beauchaine, T. P.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Beauchaine, Theodore P
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 3
- Pages
- 43-47
- ISSN
- 2352-250X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4389219
- OpenAlex
- W2008969489
- Cited by
- 529
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 52 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 5.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH063699)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- respiratory sinus arrhythmia, emotion regulation, parasympathetic nervous system, emotional dysregulation, psychopathology, internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder, depression, non-suicidal self-injury, panic disorder, trait hostility, prefrontal cortex dysfunction, executive function, peripheral biomarkers
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