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Cited by 36Climate Change, Adaptation, MigrationClimate Change Communication and PerceptionMigration, Aging, and Tourism Studies

Can I move or can I stay? Applying a life course perspective on immobility when facing gradual environmental changes in Morocco

Open access
Van Praag, Lore·2021·Climate Risk Management
DOI 10.1016/j.crm.2021.100274
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Abstract

This study applies a life course perspective to immobility in the face of gradual environmental change in Morocco. Using 48 in-depth qualitative interviews in Tangier and Tinghir (Morocco), the study aims to understand how immobility is shaped and structured by the life course stages that people experience. This study enhances our understanding of immobility in gradually degrading environmental contexts, on which there has been little research to date. The findings contrast with the widespread imaginary of ‘trapped populations’ facing environmental change, with no apparent differences across life course stages and affecting all of the population in a similar fashion. Few respondents referred to an urgent need to migrate in the light of slow-onset environmental changes. Rather, migration aspirations were entangled with other societal changes and employment opportunities. Differences in life course stages became apparent, with people of working age dependent on employment opportunities. Those in younger age groups, especially, desired higher living standards and greater satisfaction with their lives and living conditions, with young people in an important transition period in their lives aspiring to migrate. By contrast, older respondents did not consider migrating to be an option as they were settled and had well-established social/family networks and insufficient resources to start over. Socio-economic status also played a role in the ability to both migrate and stay. The findings of this paper suggest to fully capture all mobility outcomes when examining people’s migration aspirations and abilities, these should be considered together with the ability to stay.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.crm.2021.100274

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  • In Morocco, older respondents do not deem migration an option due to factors such as family and social ties and lack of resources.

    “Applying a life course perspective to immobility in the context of gradual environmental change in Morocco, Van Praag (2021) [47] discovers that while none of the research participants mention the urgent desire to move, older respondents do not deem migration as an option due to factors such as family and social ties and the lack of resources.”

    From A Systematic Review of International and Internal Climate-Induced Migration in Africa (2023) · cites this paper as Van Praag (2021) [47]

    The Conclusions (section 5; page unavailable) say that older respondents tend to accept their place in family and social structures, find moving less appealing, and would need additional resources to migrate. But the source does not say that migration is categorically not an option for them. It also says no respondent mentioned an urgent need to move, rather than an urgent desire; it notes that many young people strongly desired to move. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • In Morocco, none of the research participants mention an urgent desire to move in the context of gradual environmental change.

    “Applying a life course perspective to immobility in the context of gradual environmental change in Morocco, Van Praag (2021) [47] discovers that while none of the research participants mention the urgent desire to move, older respondents do not deem migration as an option due to factors such as family and social ties and the lack of resources.”

    From A Systematic Review of International and Internal Climate-Induced Migration in Africa (2023) · cites this paper as Van Praag (2021) [47]

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5 of the 48 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Berriane, M., Aderghal, M., Amzil, L., Oussi, A., 2010. Project Paper 4: Morocco. Country and Research Areas Report. EUMAGINE project. International Migration Institute and Université Mohamed V-Agdal, Rabat and Oxford.
  2. Cassarino, J.P., 2004. Theorising return migration: the conceptual approach to return migrants revisited. Int. J. Multicultural Soc. 6 (2), 253-279.
  3. McLeman, R., Gemenne, F. (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Environmental Displacement and Migration. Routledge, London and New York, pp. 135-159.
  4. Niang, I., Ruppel, O.C., Abdrabo, M.A., Essel, A., Lennard, C., Padgham, J., Urquhart, P., 2014. Africa. In: Barros, V.R., Field, C.B., Dokken, D.J., Mastrandrea, W.J., Mach, K.J., Bilir, T.E., Chatterjee, M., Ebi, K.L., Estrada, Y.O., Genova, R.C., Girma, B., Kissel, E.S., Levy, A.N., MacCracken, S., Mastrandrea, P.R., White, L.L. (Eds.), Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 1199-1265.
  5. Zickgraf, C., 2018. Immobility. In: McLeman, R., Gemenne, F. (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Environmental Displacement and Migration. Routledge, London and New York, pp. 71-84.

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Authors
Van Praag, L.
Venue
Climate Risk Management
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021
Volume
31
Pages
100274
ISSN
2212-0963 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.crm.2021.100274
OpenAlex
W3121595386
Cited by
33
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2
FWCI
7.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Climate Risk Management (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BR/175/A4/MIGRADAPT)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Climate Change Communication and Perception
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Migration, Aging, and Tourism Studies
Keywords
immobility, life course, migration aspirations, socioeconomic status, youth migration, older adults, employment opportunities, living standards, Tangier, Morocco

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