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Cited by 42Organ Transplantation Techniques and OutcomesReproductive Biology and FertilityAdvanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation

Open access
Song, Aurelia, Fahy, Gregory M.·2015·Cryobiology
DOI 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.09.003
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Abstract

We describe here a new cryobiological and neurobiological technique, aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation (ASC), which demonstrates the relevance and utility of advanced cryopreservation science for the neurobiological research community. ASC is a new brain-banking technique designed to facilitate neuroanatomic research such as connectomics research, and has the unique ability to combine stable long term ice-free sample storage with excellent anatomical resolution. To demonstrate the feasibility of ASC, we perfuse-fixed rabbit and pig brains with a glutaraldehyde-based fixative, then slowly perfused increasing concentrations of ethylene glycol over several hours in a manner similar to techniques used for whole organ cryopreservation. Once 65% w/v ethylene glycol was reached, we vitrified brains at -135 °C for indefinite long-term storage. Vitrified brains were rewarmed and the cryoprotectant removed either by perfusion or gradual diffusion from brain slices. We evaluated ASC-processed brains by electron microscopy of multiple regions across the whole brain and by Focused Ion Beam Milling and Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) imaging of selected brain volumes. Preservation was uniformly excellent: processes were easily traceable and synapses were crisp in both species. Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation has many advantages over other brain-banking techniques: chemicals are delivered via perfusion, which enables easy scaling to brains of any size; vitrification ensures that the ultrastructure of the brain will not degrade even over very long storage times; and the cryoprotectant can be removed, yielding a perfusable aldehyde-preserved brain which is suitable for a wide variety of brain assays.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.09.003

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Fahy, 1984, Histological cryoprotection of rat and rabbit brains, CryoLetters, 5, 33
  2. Fahy, 1980, Activation of alpha adrenergic vasoconstrictor response in kidneys stored at −30 °C for up to 8 days, CryoLetters, 1, 312

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Metadata

Authors
Song, A., & Fahy, G. M.
Affiliations
21st Century Medicine (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Song, Aurelia
ORCID
Venue
Cryobiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-12
Volume
71
Issue
3
Pages
448-458
ISSN
0011-2240 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.09.003
OpenAlex
W1770441180
Cited by
42
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1
FWCI
2.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Cryobiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Brain Preservation Foundation
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
Keywords
brain banking, glutaraldehyde fixation, cryoprotectant removal, ultrastructure preservation, connectomics, perfusion fixation, rabbit brain, pig brain
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Cryoprotective Agents, Glutaral, Rabbits, Swine, Tissue Banks, Cryopreservation, Ethylene Glycol, Vitrification

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