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Cryopreservation of organs by vitrification: perspectives and recent advances

Fahy, Gregory M, Wowk, Brian, Wu, Jun, Phan, John, Rasch, Chris, Chang, Alice, Zendejas, Eric·2004·Cryobiology
DOI 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2004.02.002
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Abstract

The cryopreservation of organs became an active area of research in the 1950s as a result of the rediscovery of the cryoprotective properties of glycerol by Polge, Smith, and Parkes in 1949. Over the ensuing four decades of research in this area, the advantages of vitrification, or ice-free cryopreservation, have become apparent. To date, experimental attempts to apply vitrification methods to vascularized whole organs have been confined almost entirely to the rabbit kidney. Using techniques available as of 1997, it was possible to vitrify blood vessels and smaller systems with reasonable success, but not whole organs. Beginning in 1998, a series of novel advances involving the control of cryoprotectant toxicity, nucleation, crystal growth, and chilling injury began to provide the tools needed to achieve success. Based on these new findings, we were first able to show that an 8.4M solution (VMP) designed to prevent chilling injury at -22 degrees C was entirely non-toxic to rabbit kidneys when perfused at -3 degrees C and permitted perfusion-cooling to -22 degrees C with only mild additional damage. We next investigated the ability of the kidney to tolerate a 9.3M solution known as M22, which does not devitrify when warmed from below -150 degrees C at 1 degrees C/min. When M22 was added and removed at -22 degrees C, it was sometimes [corrected] fatal, but when it was perfused for 25min at -22 degrees C and washed out simultaneously with warming, postoperative renal function re…

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Metadata

Authors
Fahy, G. M., Wowk, B., Wu, J., Phan, J., Rasch, C., Chang, A., & Zendejas, E.
Venue
Cryobiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-04
Volume
48
Issue
2
Pages
157-178
ISSN
0011-2240
DOI
10.1016/j.cryobiol.2004.02.002
Cited by
287
References
0
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

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