Exploiting recycled plastic waste as an alternative binder for paving blocks production
Open accessAbstract
The management of solid waste continues to be a major challenge, particularly in the urban agglomeration in low and middle-income countries. One type of solid waste that is of national and global concern is plastic wastes. This study sought to explore the potential of using plastic waste as a binding material for paving blocks production. Concrete paving blocks (cement: quarry dust: sand = 1:1:2) by weight or volume were produced to serve as Control having tested the compressive strength and water absorption properties. Composite paving blocks less in plastic (LP) on a mix ratio of 1:1:2 and high in plastic (HP) on a mix ratio of 1:0.5:1 by weight or volume were also produced and tested in the laboratory for compressive strength at 7, 14, and 21 days curing via water sprinkling and water absorption test were done after the 72 -h of soaking. The study revealed after 21 days old that paving blocks in HP and LP having compressive strengths of 8.53 N/mm2 (water absorption = 0.5%) and 7.31 N/mm2 (water absorption = 2.7%) respectively were higher than the Control value of 6.07 N/mm2 (water absorption = 4.9%). The authors recommended that the paving blocks made from the recycled plastic waste should be used in non-traffic areas such as walkways, footpaths, pedestrian plazas, landscapes, monument premises and in waterlog areas due to their low water absorption property and relatively low compressive strengths compared to global specs thresholds of 5–25% and low-density to moderate concrete strength 0.69–17.24 N/mm2 respectively.
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Plastic content contributes to reducing water absorption of concrete.
“This shows that the plastic content contributes to reducing water absorption of the concrete (Figure 18).”
From Transforming Plastic Waste into Value: A Review of Management Strategies and Innovative Applications in Sustainable Construction (2025) · cites this paper as [123]
Manufacturing process benefits from significant time savings when using molten recycled plastic waste units, achieving over 80% of final strength within a single day.
“Furthermore, the manufacturing process benefits from significant time savings when using molten recycled plastic waste units, as they achieve over 80% of their final strength within a single day.”
From Transforming Plastic Waste into Value: A Review of Management Strategies and Innovative Applications in Sustainable Construction (2025) · cites this paper as [123]
Specimens with plastic had higher compressive strength compared to control specimens without plastic.
“Through various laboratory tests, they found that the specimens with plastic had higher compressive strength compared to the control specimens without plastic (Figure 17).”
From Transforming Plastic Waste into Value: A Review of Management Strategies and Innovative Applications in Sustainable Construction (2025) · cites this paper as [123]
Cement concrete units (no plastic) absorbed more water than recycled plastic waste concrete.
“The findings showed that the cement concrete units (with no plastic), which were determined to be hydrophilic, absorbed more water than the recycled plastic waste concrete (hydrophobic) [96,123].”
From Transforming Plastic Waste into Value: A Review of Management Strategies and Innovative Applications in Sustainable Construction (2025) · cites this paper as [123]
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- Authors
- Agyeman, S., Obeng-Ahenkora, N. K., Assiamah, S., & Twumasi, G.
- Affiliations
- Sunyani Technical University (GH)
- University of Education, Winneba (GH)
- Corresponding author
- Agyeman, S.
- Venue
- Case Studies in Construction Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- e00246
- ISSN
- 2214-5095 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2947856739
- Cited by
- 161
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 11.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Case Studies in Construction Materials (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Materials Engineering and Processing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycled Aggregate Concrete Performance
- Keywords
- recycled plastic waste, paving blocks, compressive strength, water absorption, quarry dust, cementitious composites, solid waste management, low- and middle-income countries
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