The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Animal-assisted therapy at Mayo Clinic: The time is now
Abstract
The animal-human bond refers to an emotional, almost existential, relationship between animals and people. From the time of antiquity, domestic animals were an important source of economic vitality, but with the changing cultural landscape, the companion animal has become a faithful friend. Overwhelming anecdotal evidence supports the healing power of this relationship. We summarize the emerging literature on the neurobiochemical and cardiovascular benefits of companion pet ownership. We address the peer-reviewed data from myriad journal articles assessing the impact of the companion animal on the quality and often the length of life of select patients.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Due to the benefits mentioned above and considering that AAT tried to minimize infection risk [27,28] following the current legislation [29], AAT could be a potentially effective tool to improve adolescents’ physical and mental health with eating disorders.”
From Effects of dog-assisted therapy in adolescents with eating disorders: A study protocol for a pilot controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as [27]
Citations
Cites
Sehulster, L. M., & Chinn, R. Y. W. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 1,418
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Samuels, R. J. (2005) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412952446.n202 · Cited by 1,174
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Papadakos, P. J., & Gestring, M. L. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-29613-0_100622 · Cited by 1,001
Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Meta-Analysis
Nimer, J., & Lundahl, B. (2007) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.2752/089279307x224773 · Cited by 712
Animal companions and one-year survival of patients after discharge from a coronary care unit.
(1980) · PubMed Central · Cited by 694
Patterson, D. R., & Jensen, M. P. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.4.495 · Cited by 396
Banks, M. R., & Banks, W. A. (2002) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/57.7.m428 · Cited by 388
Pet Ownership, but Not ACE Inhibitor Therapy, Blunts Home Blood Pressure Responses to Mental Stress
Allen, K., Shykoff, B. E., & Izzo, J. L. (2001) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.38.4.815 · Cited by 370
Effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Kamioka, H., Okada, S., Tsutani, K., Park, H., Okuizumi, H., Handa, S., Oshio, T., Park, S.-J., Kitayuguchi, J., Abe, T., et al. (2014) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2013.12.016 · Cited by 323
The Benefits of Human–Companion Animal Interaction: A Review
Barker, S. B., & Wolen, A. R. (2008) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Education · doi:10.3138/jvme.35.4.487 · Cited by 312
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ockleford, 2001, Do companion animals have therapeutic value?, Eur J Palliat Care, 8, 75
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Research on animal-assisted intervention and autism spectrum disorder, 2012-2015
O’Haire, M. (2017) · Applied Developmental Science · doi:10.1080/10888691.2016.1243988 · Cited by 130
Incorporating one health into medical education
Rabinowitz, P. M., Natterson-Horowitz, B., Kahn, L. H., Kock, R. A., & Pappaioanou, M. (2017) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-017-0883-6 · Cited by 138
Biophilia and Salutogenesis as restorative design approaches in healthcare architecture
Abdelaal, M. S., & Soebarto, V. I. (2019) · Architectural Science Review · doi:10.1080/00038628.2019.1604313 · Cited by 85
Strategies to improve the evidence base of animal-assisted interventions
Kazdin, A. E. (2017) · Applied Developmental Science · doi:10.1080/10888691.2016.1191952 · Cited by 56
Human-Animal Interaction Research: Progress and Possibilities
Griffin, J. A., Hurley, K. J., & McCune, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02803 · Cited by 45
Clark, S., Martin, F., McGowan, R. T. S., Smidt, J., Anderson, R., Wang, L., Turpin, T., Langenfeld-McCoy, N., Bauer, B., & Mohabbat, A. B. (2020) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.037 · Cited by 32
Animal-Assisted Therapy in Pediatric Palliative Care
Gilmer, M. J., Baudino, M. N., Goddard, A., Vickers, D. C., & Akard, T. F. (2016) · Nursing Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.cnur.2016.05.007 · Cited by 33
Oyama, M. A., Citron, L. E., Justine Shults, A., Brown, D. C., Serpell, J. A., & Farrar, J. T. (2017) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.1080/08927936.2016.1228774 · Cited by 32
Claverol, M. D. R., Gonzalvo, C. C., Malla-Clua, B., Rodrigo-Claverol, E., Jové-Naval, J., & Ortega, M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16162843 · Cited by 29
Bridging the Gap between Alzheimer’s Disease and Alzheimer’s-like Diseases in Animals
Gołaszewska, A., Bik, W., Motyl, T., & Orzechowski, A. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20071664 · Cited by 31
Hall, S. S., & Mills, D. S. (2019) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2019.00138 · Cited by 28
The Experience of Animal Assisted Therapy on Patients in an Acute Care Setting
Coakley, A. B., Annese, C. D., Empoliti, J., & Flanagan, J. M. (2020) · Clinical Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/1054773820977198 · Cited by 36
Barchas, D., Melaragni, M., Abrahim, H. L., & Barchas, E. (2020) · Critical Care Nursing Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.cnc.2020.01.002 · Cited by 28
Nursing Campus Therapy Dog: A Pilot Study
Hall, D. (2018) · Teaching and learning in nursing · doi:10.1016/j.teln.2018.05.004 · Cited by 22
Trained assistance dogs for people with dementia: a systematic review
Marks, G., & McVilly, K. (2020) · Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1111/psyg.12529 · Cited by 21
Black Mothers Living With HIV Picture the Social Determinants of Health
Caiola, C. E., Barroso, J. V., & Docherty, S. L. (2017) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.011 · Cited by 16
Tuesdays with Worry: appreciating nature with a dog at the end of life
Harmon, J. T. (2018) · Leisure Studies · doi:10.1080/02614367.2018.1534135 · Cited by 16
Liu, H., Lin, J., & Lin, W. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1354220 · Cited by 21
Rosing, T., Malka, M., Brafman, D., & Fisher, P. W. (2022) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.13922 · Cited by 14
Five things every community pharmacist should know when dispensing for 4-legged patients
Frankel, G., Kusno, A., & Louizos, C. (2016) · Canadian Pharmacists Journal / Revue des Pharmaciens du Canada · doi:10.1177/1715163516628543 · Cited by 13
Patient Opinion of Visiting Therapy Dogs in a Hospital Emergency Department
Reddekopp, J., Dell, C. A., Rohr, B. A., Fornssler, B., Gibson, M., Carey, B., & Stempien, J. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17082968 · Cited by 20
The experience of animal therapy in residential aged care in New Zealand: a narrative analysis
Wong, G., & Breheny, M. (2020) · Ageing and Society · doi:10.1017/s0144686x20000574 · Cited by 14
The Handbook of Wellness Medicine
Snellings, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182 · Cited by 11
Reflections on Recent Research Into Animal-Assisted Interventions in the Military and Beyond
Rumayor, C. B., & Thrasher, A. M. (2017) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0861-z · Cited by 9
Integrative Medicine and Mood, Emotions and Mental Health
Shah, A. K., Becicka, R., Talen, M. R., Edberg, D., & Namboodiri, S. (2017) · Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice · doi:10.1016/j.pop.2017.02.003 · Cited by 9
Lavín-Pérez, A. M., Martín-Sánchez, C., Martínez-Núñez, B., Lobato-Rincón, L. L., Villafaina, S., González-García, I., Mata-Cantero, A., Graell, M., Merellano-Navarro, E., & Collado-Mateo, D. (2021) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani11102784 · Cited by 9
“Due to the benefits mentioned above and considering that AAT tried to minimize infection risk [27,28] following the current legislation [29], AAT could be a potentially effective tool to improve adolescents’ physical and mental health with eating disorders.”
BackgroundPedrosa, S., Aguado, D., Canfrán, S., Torres, J., & Miró, J. (2016) · Revista de la Sociedad Española del Dolor · doi:10.20986/resed.2016.3461/2016 · Cited by 8
Use of a Dog Visitation Program to Improve Patient Satisfaction in Trauma Patients
Stevens, P., Kepros, J. P., & Mosher, B. D. (2017) · Journal of Trauma Nursing · doi:10.1097/jtn.0000000000000272 · Cited by 7
Adhikari, A., Wei, Y., Jacob, N. K., Hansen, A. R., Snook, K., Burleson, C. E., & Zhang, J. (2019) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-019-01069-1 · Cited by 5
Kiesewetter, J., Herbach, N., Landes, I., Mayer, J., Elgner, V., Orle, K., Grunow, A., Langkau, R., Gratzer, C., & Jansson, A. F. (2023) · PubMed Central · doi:10.3205/zma001626 · Cited by 5
Williams, C. L., Dagnan, E., Miner, K. M., & Sells, P. (2018) · OALib · doi:10.4236/oalib.1104364 · Cited by 3
The effect of animal assisted therapy on participants with dementia in a community respite program
Pope, W. S., Yordy, M. A., & Wang, C.-H. (2019) · Journal of Nursing Education and Practice · doi:10.5430/jnep.v9n5p58 · Cited by 3
The Handbook of Wellness Medicine
Snellings, J. E. (2021) · Family Medicine · doi:10.22454/fammed.2021.204951 · Cited by 3
Liu, H., Zhou, X., Lin, J., & Lin, W. (2025) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani15213162 · Cited by 2
Ward, C., Johnson, I. M., Bamwine, P., & Light, M. J. (2023) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.1080/08927936.2023.2280376 · Cited by 2
The design of visitation facilities to engage patients with their own cats and dogs
Perez-Camargo, G., & Creagan, E. T. (2017) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.12.010 · Cited by 5
Perera, D. M., & Moe, J. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.005 · Cited by 2
Wellness Interventions in the Workplace
Chernoff, R. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.020 · Cited by 2
Sharma‐Brymer, V., Dashper, K. L., & Brymer, E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.034 · Cited by 2
de Oliveira, G. R., & Cunha, M. C. (2017) · Distúrbios da Comunicação · doi:10.23925/2176-2724.2017v29i4p644-653 · Cited by 2
Validation of the Human–Animal Interaction Scale (HAIS) in Czech Language
Machová, K., Juríčková, V., Nekovářová, T., & Svobodová, I. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17207485 · Cited by 2
Well-Being and Work–Life Balance
Bolton, M. A., Lobben, I., Pruzinsky, T., & Stern, T. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.046 · Cited by 1
Forgiveness, Gratitude, and Spirituality
Idicula, S. A., Thrower, N., & Lomax, J. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.029 · Cited by 1
Bokarius, V., & Bokarius, A. V. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.037 · Cited by 2
Wellness Interventions in Patients Living with Chronic Medical Conditions
Steiner, A. J., Aguilar-Hernandez, L., Pizano, D. R., Dascal, J., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.014 · Cited by 1
Adopter un animal « collectif » en Ehpad : l’exemple du chat Jovi
Tournier, I., David, M., & Vives, M.-F. (2020) · Gérontologie et société · doi:10.3917/gs1.163.0205 · Cited by 1
Bálint, E., Zábó, V., & Purebl, G. (2026) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-026-02169-z · Cited by 1
Ooi, S. L., & Pak, S. C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.033 · Cited by 1
Dieppe, P. A., Goldingay, S., & Warber, S. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.042 · Cited by 3
Emotional Intelligence and Its Role in Sustaining Fulfillment in Life
Sax, H. C., & Gewertz, B. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.038 · Cited by 1
Family Relations, Friendships, and Love
Alsup, S., Weisbaum, E., Vogel, T., & Siegel, D. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.047 · Cited by 1
The Human-Animal Bond and Its Influence on Surgical Recovery in Pets
Liu, W. Y., & Xuan, J. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Veterinary Research · doi:10.5376/ijmvr.2024.14.0011 · Cited by 1
The Role of Aesthetics in Wellness
Mikhail, A. A., & Ngor, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.032 · Cited by 1
Ogunyemi, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.011 · Cited by 1
Volle, D. C., & DeBonis, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.023 · Cited by 1
Allergic, Infectious, and Immunological Processes
Riaz, O., Orimaye, S. O., Al-Khateeb, T., Sodeke, P. O., Awujoola, A. O., & Goodkin, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.012 · Cited by 1
Health over the Life Course and Human-Animal Interaction
Bures, R. M., Esposito, L. E., & Griffin, J. A. (2020) · SpringerBriefs in well-being and quality of life research · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64085-9_4 · Cited by 1
Melchert, T. P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.004 · Cited by 1
Adekoya, O. F., Olaoye, D. Q., Aje, A. A., & Usifoh, C. O. (2022) · Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy · doi:10.51412/psnnjp.2022.17 · Cited by 1
Of cats and dogs and matters of the heart
Avolio, A. P., Tan, I., & Butlin, M. (2017) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0000000000001231 · Cited by 1
IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.052 · Cited by 2
Pedrosa, S., Aguado, D., Canfrán, S., Torres, J., Miró, J., & del Dolor, T. (2015)
van Hoven, B. (2018) · Edition Kulturwissenschaft · doi:10.14361/9783839440070-011
Pinedo, F. J. R., & Júnior, J. B. D. A. (2019) · Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde · doi:10.25248/reas.e819.2019
Experiences of palliative inpatients with equine therapy
Cairns, K. (2019)
Inside a mystery of oncoscience: The cancer-sniffing pets
Roncati, L. (2019) · Oncoscience · doi:10.18632/oncoscience.490
Mindfulness, Meditation, and Yoga
Budd, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.028
Work, Love, Play, and Joie de Vivre
Groningen, N. V., IsHak, W. W., Ganjian, S., Ong, M. K., & Slusser, W. M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.045
Acupuncture, Herbs, and Ayurvedic Medicine
Postolov, L., & Gilberg-Lenz, S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.031
Circadian Rhythm in the Digital Age
Ezzat-Velinov, M., & Guarneri, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.035
Chaudhry, M., Gordon, A., Tadros, E., Sun, C., Tobia, G., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.019
The Personalized Wellness Life Plan
IsHak, W. W., Bart, R., Gohar, Y., Lorea, N., Eskander, L., Chang, T., Cohen, S., Furman, K., Nayyar, P. P., & DeBonis, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.050
Exercise, Dance, Tai Chi, Pilates, and Alexander Technique
Altug, Z. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.025
Louy, C., Sweet, C., Pollock, G. A., de Zagon, C., Louy, Z., Weiss, J. M., & Maher, D. P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.017
Pharmaceuticals and Alternatives for Wellness
Parisi, T., Heath, B., Wen, R. Y., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.024
Bucciarelli, A., Ellison, G. K., Sommer, E. K., & Spooner, H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.036
Screening and Assessment Methods for Wellness
Greenberg, J. M., Castillo, E. G., IsHak, W. W., & Wells, K. B. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.002
The Role of Leisure, Recreation, and Play in Health and Well-Being
Payne, L. L., & An, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.048
Positive Neuropsychology, Cognitive Rehabilitation, and Neuroenhancement
Pimental, P. A., O'Hara, J. B., Christopher, J., & Ciampanelli, A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.030
Wellness in Children and Adolescents
Zanko, C., & Stuber, M. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.016
Connection, Compassion, and Community
Hedrick, R., & Jones, K. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.043
Wellness Interventions for Chronicity and Disability
Klimowicz, A., Schussel, L., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.044
Mays, A. M., Whiteman, E., & Rosen, S. L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.015
Developing Purpose, Meaning, and Achievements
Vilhauer, J. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.041
Sleep, Rest, and Relaxation in Improving Wellness
Ngor, A., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.026
The Biopsychosocial Assessment
Somjee, L., & Esbitt, S. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.003 · Cited by 1
Wellness and the Genito-Urinary System
EILBER, K. S., & Lee, U. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.010
Marin, K., Tobia, G., Bakhoum, A., Naghdechi, L., Korouri, S., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.027
Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Wellness
IsHak, W. W., & Herrera, N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.008
Wellness in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Clevenger, S., Eskander, L., Lin, T. Y., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.013
The Concept of Wellness in Psychiatric and Substance-Use Disorders
Awad, A. G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.006
Wellness and Whole-Person Care
Hutchinson, T. A., & Hutchinson, N. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.049
Herrera, N., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.040
Wellness in Cancer and Neoplastic Diseases
Bashmi, L., & IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.018
Wellness Interventions for Physicians and Healthcare Professionals
Goldenberg, M., & Danovitch, I. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.021
Neurological and Neurosurgical Disorders and Wellness
Ding, K., & Yang, I. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.007
Gastrointestinal System and Wellness
Robbins, L., & Feldman, E. J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.009
IsHak, W. W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.051
Lundy, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.022
IsHak, W. W., Mann, A., Manoukian, V., Pakhdikian, S., Chaudhry, M., Liu, A., & Bart, R. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650182.001 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Creagan, E. T., Bauer, B. A., Thomley, B. S., & Borg, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Creagan, Edward T.
- Venue
- Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-05
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 101-104
- ISSN
- 1744-3881 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012628171
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 4.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Music Therapy and Health
- Keywords
- animal-assisted therapy, human-animal bond, companion animals, pet ownership, neurochemistry, cardiovascular benefits, quality of life, longevity, animal-assisted interventions
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Human-Animal Bond, Dogs, Humans, Longevity, Minnesota, Quality of Life, Animal Assisted Therapy, Pets
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review