The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Anatomically Constrained Model for Path Integration in the Bee Brain
Open accessAbstract
Path integration is a widespread navigational strategy in which directional changes and distance covered are continuously integrated on an outward journey, enabling a straight-line return to home. Bees use vision for this task-a celestial-cue-based visual compass and an optic-flow-based visual odometer-but the underlying neural integration mechanisms are unknown. Using intracellular electrophysiology, we show that polarized-light-based compass neurons and optic-flow-based speed-encoding neurons converge in the central complex of the bee brain, and through block-face electron microscopy, we identify potential integrator cells. Based on plausible output targets for these cells, we propose a complete circuit for path integration and steering in the central complex, with anatomically identified neurons suggested for each processing step. The resulting model circuit is thus fully constrained biologically and provides a functional interpretation for many previously unexplained architectural features of the central complex. Moreover, we show that the receptive fields of the newly discovered speed neurons can support path integration for the holonomic motion (i.e., a ground velocity that is not precisely aligned with body orientation) typical of bee flight, a feature not captured in any previously proposed model of path integration. In a broader context, the model circuit presented provides a general mechanism for producing steering signals by comparing current and desired headings-suggesting a more basic function for central complex connectivity, from which path integration may have evolved.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The neural representation of that heading can be maintained even if the fix on the external reference is temporarily lost [51,52], which enables insects to maintain a heading and to store vectors of travelled paths in memory [53].”
From Phenomenal interface theory: a model for basal consciousness (2025) · cites this paper as [52]
In the citing paper
“Both parameters are also under feedback control, as sensory reafference continuously informs the brain about the body’s instantaneous forward velocity76–78 and heading79”
From Fine-grained descending control of steering in walking Drosophila (2024) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“Both parameters are also under feedback control, as sensory reafference continuously informs the brain about the body’s instantaneous forward velocity73–75 and heading76.”
From Fine-grained descending control of steering in walking Drosophila (2023) · cites this paper as [75]
In the citing paper
“Here, world-centric heading direction (θ) is computed in the ellipsoid body and sent to the protocerebral bridge (PB)17–19 while body-centric translation direction (φ) is relayed to the nodulus (NO)20.”
From Transforming representations of movement from body- to world-centric space (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“The central complex is the primary locus of spatial computations in arthropods.”
From Transforming representations of movement from body- to world-centric space (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“In each integrator population, this velocity signal is added to a heading map, and the result is summed over time.”
From Transforming representations of movement from body- to world-centric space (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“Each velocity neuron projects to a population of “integrator” neurons, proposed to be PFN neurons (also known as CPU4).”
From Transforming representations of movement from body- to world-centric space (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“This model does not contain an explicit representation of world-centric travel velocity; instead, it stores path components separately along two orthogonal axes of translation.”
From Transforming representations of movement from body- to world-centric space (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“A recent model proposed by Webb and colleagues20 overcomes this limitation with a Cartesian system for translational velocity, consisting of one neuron tuned to forward-right velocity, and another neuron tuned to forward-left velocity.”
From Transforming representations of movement from body- to world-centric space (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Introduction to the theory of neural computation
Hertz, J., Krogh, A., & Palmer, R. G. (1994) · Neural Networks · doi:10.1016/0893-6080(94)90014-0 · Cited by 6,410
CircStat : A MATLAB Toolbox for Circular Statistics
Berens, P. (2009) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v031.i10 · Cited by 3,099
Zhang, K. (1996) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-06-02112.1996 · Cited by 1,001
Neural dynamics for landmark orientation and angular path integration
Seelig, J. D., & Jayaraman, V. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14446 · Cited by 718
Speed cells in the medial entorhinal cortex
Kropff, E., Carmichael, J. E., Moser, M.-B., & Moser, E. I. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14622 · Cited by 668
Invertebrate Synapsins: A Single Gene Codes for Several Isoforms inDrosophila
Klagges, B. R. E., Heimbeck, G., Godenschwege, T. A., Hofbauer, A., Pflugfelder, G. O., Reifegerste, R., Reisch, D., Schaupp, M., Buchner, S., & Buchner, E. (1996) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-10-03154.1996 · Cited by 489
Ring attractor dynamics in the Drosophila central brain
Kim, S. S., Rouault, H., Druckmann, S., & Jayaraman, V. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal4835 · Cited by 417
Neuronal architecture of the central complex in Drosophila melanogaster
Hanesch, U., Fischbach, K. F., & Heisenberg, M. (1989) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00261838 · Cited by 416
Estimation of self-motion by optic flow processing in single visual interneurons
Krapp, H. G., & Hengstenberg, R. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/384463a0 · Cited by 409
Organization and Functional Roles of the Central Complex in the Insect Brain
Pfeiffer, K., & Homberg, U. (2014) · Annual Review of Entomology · doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-011613-162031 · Cited by 392
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Berens, 2009, CircStat: a MATLAB toolbox for circular statistics, J. Stat. Softw., 31, 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–384 of 384
Grid-like units help deep learning agent to navigate
Cheng, K. (2018) · Learning & Behavior · doi:10.3758/s13420-018-0329-y · Cited by 1
Simulation of the Arthropod Central Complex: Moving Towards Bioinspired Robotic Navigation Control
Pickard, S. C., Quinn, R. D., & Szczecinski, N. S. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95972-6_40 · Cited by 1
Social foraging of the honey bee colony
Rueppell, O., & Walton, A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91793-3.00001-8 · Cited by 1
Finding the Goal: Insect-Inspired Spiking Neural Network for Heading Error Estimation
Schoepe, T., & Chicca, E. (2023) · IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) · doi:10.1109/iros55552.2023.10342210 · Cited by 1
Neuroethology: Decoding the waggle dance
Heinze, S. (2024) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.067 · Cited by 1
Self-citationFeng, L., Sun, X., Fu, Q., Peng, J., & Li, H. (2024) · International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) · doi:10.1109/ijcnn60899.2024.10651372 · Cited by 1
Velocity coding in the central brain of bumblebees
Jaske, B., Tschirner, K., Strube-Bloss, M. F., & Pfeiffer, K. (2024) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00272.2024 · Cited by 1
Insect navigation: Some memories like it hot
de Ibarra, N. H. (2022) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.003 · Cited by 1
Building a functional connectome of the Drosophila central complex
Franconville, R., Beron, C. C., & Jayaraman, V. (2018) · Authorea · doi:10.22541/au.151537454.41878908 · Cited by 1
Encoding and control of airflow orientation by a set of Drosophila fan-shaped body neuronsPreprint
Currier, T. A., Nagel, K. I., & Matheson, A. M. M. (2021) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · Cited by 1
Harrison, S. J., & Turvey, M. T. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1474-1 · Cited by 1
Neural Basis of Odometry in DrosophilaPreprint
D’Atri, I., & DasGupta, S. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.03.23.644782 · Cited by 1
The central complex of the larval fruit fly brainPreprint
Lungu, L., Ceffa, N. G., Clayton, M. S., Zlatic, M., & Cardona, A. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.30.679510 · Cited by 2
Animals teach robots to find their way
Edwards, C. B. (2018) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3231168
Dancing with carniolan bee / Plešemo s kranjsko čebelo
Božič, J. (2019) · Folia biologica et geologica · doi:10.3986/fbg0041
Lionetti, V. A. G., & Cheng, K. (2019) · Ethology · doi:10.1111/eth.12945
Underwater Path Integration: Using the Celestial Dome to Get Back Home
el Jundi, B. (2020) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.019
Optoelectronic III-V nanowire implementation of a neural network in a shared waveguide
Winge, D. O., Limpert, S., Linke, H., Borgström, M. T., Webb, B. H., Heinze, S., & Mikkelsen, A. (2020) · International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices (NUSOD) · doi:10.1109/nusod49422.2020.9217753
Self-citationAzevedo, P., & Nocelli, R. C. F. (2020) · Revista da Biologia · doi:10.7594/revbio.20.01.10
Matsubara, N., Okada, R., & Sakura, M. (2021) · ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE · doi:10.2108/zs200081
Fly navigation: Yet another ring
Heinze, S. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.009
Self-citationBumblebees Navigate Using Path Integration While WalkingPreprint
Patel, R. N., Kempenaers, J., & Heinze, S. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.03.02.482643
Self-citationSteinbeck, F., Nowotny, T., Philippides, A. O., & Graham, P. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.04.07.487574
Can the Insect Path Integration Memory be a Bump Attractor?Preprint
Pisokas, I., Kudryashova, N., & Hennig, M. H. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.04.05.487126
Even, N., Bertrand, O. J. N., & Lihoreau, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_623-1
Graham, P. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.01249-8
Implicit Computation and the Origins of KnowledgePreprint
Grace, R. C., Morton, N. J., Grice, M., Wilson, A. C., & Kemp, S. (2021) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/b7r3n
Harrison, S. J., & Turvey, M. T. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1474
Schultheiss, P., Wystrach, A., Lihoreau, M., & Schwarz, S. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1120
Evidence for a travel direction signal in humans that is independent of head directionPreprint
Cheng, Y., Ling, S., Stern, C. E., Huang, A. M., & Chrastil, E. R. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.08.22.504860
Visual Processing in Free Flight
Egelhaaf, M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1006-0_343
Insect navigation: A memory of intelligence
Shahanaz (2020) · International Journal of Chemical Studies · doi:10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i2at.12308
A historical perspective on the insect central complex: Anatomy, development, and function
Gillet, V., Kluge, J., & Patel, R. N. (2023) · Molecular Psychology Brain Behavior and Society · doi:10.12688/molpsychol.17564.1
Route Retracing: Way-pointing in Trail Following AntsPreprint
Freas, C. A., & Spetch, M. L. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.09.02.556024
III-V Nanowire Based Neuromorphic Nanophotonic Circuits
Flodgren, V., Winge, D. O., Alcer, D., Borgström, M. T., & Mikkelsen, A. (2023) · Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) · doi:10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec57999.2023.10232449
(2024) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9621.003.0007
(2024) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9621.003.0011
A neural circuit for navigation keeps flies on target
Nagel, K. I. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-024-00230-5
Anatomical organization of the cerebrum of the praying mantis Hierodula membranacea
Althaus, V., Exner, G., von Hadeln, J., Homberg, U., & Rosner, R. (2024) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.25607
Dancing in the dark: Honeybees use antennae to decode nestmates’ waggles
Montanari, S. (2024) · The Transmitter · doi:10.53053/tywr5904
Route Formation and the Choreography of Looking Back in Desert Ants (Melophorus bagoti)Preprint
Freas, C. A., & Cheng, K. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4670516/v1
Non-symbolic estimation of big and small ratios with accurate and noisy feedback
Morton, N. J., Grice, M., Kemp, S. P. T., & Grace, R. C. (2024) · Attention Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-024-02914-6
Polarization Sensitivity in Desert Locusts, Schistocerca gregaria
Homberg, U. (2024) · Springer series in vision research · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-62863-4_4
A new dynamic shift mechanism based on cyclic group theory for continuous attractor neural networks
Zhang, Z., Zhao, H., Tang, F., Li, Y., & Feng, X. (2024) · Nonlinear Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s11071-024-10658-z
A Comparative Study of Reinforcement Learning and Insect-Inspired Visual Navigation Methods
Zhong, X., Sun, X., & Li, H. (2024) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-72597-5_12
Azevedo, J., Das, A., Jacob, B., Flodgren, V., Nieder, J. B., Mikkelsen, A., & Romeira, B. (2024) · IEEE Photonics Conference · doi:10.1109/ipc60965.2024.10799627
Graham, P. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29068-8.00072-6
Gogola, J. V., Joyce, M. K. P., Vijayraghavan, S., Barnum, G., & Wildenberg, G. A. (2025) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.70035
Random-rate processing in navigation in bacteria, archaea, and desert ants
Cheng, K. (2025) · Psihologijske teme · doi:10.31820/pt.34.1.4
Jaske, B., & Pfeiffer, K. (2025) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00013.2025
Chen, Z., & Wang, H. (2025) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s25113540
The insect brain: we froze ants and beetles to learn how they remember their way home
Pisokas, I., Narendra, A., & Yilmaz-Heusinger, A. (2022) · doi:10.64628/ab.39g6h9dmf
Composing trajectories for rapid inference of navigational goals
Abdelrahman, N. Y., Jiang, W.-C., Coddington, L. T., Gong, S., Dudman, J. T., & Hermundstad, A. M. (2026) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2026.05.030 · Cited by 4
Scanning and active sampling behaviours emerge from conserved insect neural circuits
Freas, C. A., & Wystrach, A. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.1101/2025.10.13.682010
Spatial Common Sense Knowledge
Kordjamshidi, P., Moens, M., & Pustejovsky, J. D. (2025) · Synthesis lectures on human language technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-99594-1_5
Path integration from optic flow and the role of eye movements
Reisenegger, R., & Bremmer, F. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-56170-9
A Vector-Based Computational Model of Multimodal Insect Learning Walks
Xiang, Z., Sun, X., & Peng, J. (2025) · Biomimetics · doi:10.3390/biomimetics10110736
Vector coordinate transformation in the Drosophila navigation systemPreprint
Gorko, B., & Kim, S. S. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.20.695733
Zhang, S., & Gray, J. R. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0312637
Adult Zebrafish Engage in Path Integration-like Behavior When Exploring a Novel EnvironmentPreprint
Sanghera, B. S., Shraybman, P., & Kanwal, J. S. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.31.697215
Updating an allocentric goal from lateralised egocentric visual memories
Wystrach, A., Moël, F. L., Clément, L., & Schwarz, S. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-67545-3
Scanning and active sampling behaviours emerge from conserved insect neural circuitsPreprint
Freas, C. A., & Wystrach, A. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.110165.1
Scanning and active sampling behaviours emerge from conserved insect neural circuitsPreprint
Freas, C. A., & Wystrach, A. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.110165 · Cited by 1
Ao, T., Li, H., Tian, Y., Fu, L., Leng, Y., Shi, H., Shi, L., & Zhou, Y. F. (2026) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-026-01389-9
Universal Principles of Navigation across Species and Spatial Scales
Wirth, S., Cheng, K., Fleischmann, P. N., Lohmann, K. J., Milford, M. J., Mouritsen, H., Pritchard, D. J., Robira, B., Ulanovsky, N., & Wan, K. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-20563-6_4 · Cited by 1
Navigation autonome bio-inspirée appliquée à un robot hexapode
Dupeyroux, J. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/cc20144bz6874z4fdfz84fcz9d1a7d3d38f6
Bayesian neuromorphic computing based on resistive memory
Dalgaty, T. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e5b4f3e2z44a5z4c41zbac6z4c933e86b101
Neuroethology: How flies balance exploration and exploitation
Heinze, S. (2026) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2026.02.056
Self-citationVisual navigation in ants : a modelling approach
Moël, F. L. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3026bd7czd4f4z4419zb4a4ze91e077117ed
Head direction and the evolutionary origins of spatial representation
Sayre, M. E., Narendra, A., Heinze, S., & Barron, A. B. (2026) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2026.04.001 · Cited by 1
Self-citationPritchard, D. J. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29068-8.00301-9
Emergent control of ant learning walks using the mismatch between path-integration and visual cuesPreprint
Misiek, T., Philippides, A. O., Graham, P., & Knight, J. C. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.29.728637
Neuromorphic Spiking Ring Attractor for Proprioceptive Joint-State Estimation
Ferrari, F., Davidhi, F., Maacaron, B., Motta, A., van Keeken, L., Donati, E., Indiveri, G., Luca, C. D., & Bartolozzi, C. (2026) · IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems proceedings · doi:10.1109/iscas66217.2026.11562765
Ballistic food approaches in Parhyale hawaiensis require the antennaePreprint
Steele, T., & Nagel, K. I. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.16.732625
A robot model of compass cue calibration in the insect brainPreprint
Mitchell, R., Dacke, M., & Webb, B. H. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734539
Self-citationCentral complex representations of self-movement are sufficient to compute wind direction in flight
May, C. E., Cellini, B., Stupski, S. D., Lopez, A. P., Mangat, N., van Breugel, F., & Nagel, K. I. (2026) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aeh7220 · Cited by 2
Deep conservation of head direction circuits in bees, ants and fliesPreprint
Sayre, M. E., Gillet, V., Ceberg, N., Badalamente, G. S., Pinzon-Rodriguez, A., Griggs, N., Capdevila, L. S., Roberts, R. J. V., Gunnarsson, E. S., Szadaj, F., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.07.26.740564
Self-citationFlies evolved a gyrocompass to maintain navigational accuracy during rapid flight maneuversPreprint
Ros, I. G., Wang, R., Omoto, J. J., Dickson, W. B., & Dickinson, M. H. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.08.18.744964
Scanning and active sampling behaviours emerge from conserved insect neural circuitsPreprint
Freas, C. A., & Wystrach, A. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.110165.3
A split attractor design for rapidly writing a navigational goal
Lanz, A. J., Kathman, N. D., Hao, E., Ermentrout, B., & Nagel, K. I. (2026) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-026-11144-9 · Cited by 6
A network model of path controlPreprint
Osman, M. A. M., Zhang, W., Pehlevan, C., & Wilson, R. I. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.10.02.756268
O'Leary, J., Dunne, A., & O'Brien, S. (2022) · Entomological Research Letters · doi:10.51847/ayqshjqsqh
Selective control of course correction over long timescales in the Drosophila central complex
Crown, A. M., Wu, A. H., Hofflander, L., & Barnea, G. (2026) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2026.09.069
Metadata
- Authors
- Stone, T., Webb, B., Adden, A., Weddig, N. B., Honkanen, A., Templin, R., Wcislo, W., Scimeca, L., Warrant, E., & Heinze, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Lund University (SE)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (PA)
- Corresponding author
- Heinze, Stanley
- ORCID
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 3069-3085.e11
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6196076
- OpenAlex
- W2764135343
- Cited by
- 377
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 15.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 387 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Swedish Research Council (621-2012-2213)
- Marie-Curie IntraEuropean Fellowship (327901)
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (714599)
- Wenner-Gren Foundation
- Australian Research Foundation
- Air Force Office for Scientific Research
- VR (FA8655-07-C-4011)
- AFOSR (2012-02205)
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2011.0062, EP/F500385/1, BB/F529254/1)
- University of Edinburgh School of Informatics Doctoral Training Centre in Neuroinformatics and Computational Neuroscience
- UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/F500385/1)
- UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC (BB/F529254/1)
- UK Medical Research Council
- Jennifer and Greg Johnson
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Keywords
- path integration, bee navigation, central complex, optical flow, visual odometry, celestial compass, holonomic motion, receptive fields
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bees, Brain, Models, Anatomic, Space Perception, Spatial Navigation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
