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Training-associated changes and stability of attention bias in youth: Implications for Attention Bias Modification Treatment for pediatric anxiety
Open accessAbstract
Attention Bias Modification Treatment (ABMT), an emerging treatment for anxiety disorders, is thought to modify underlying, stable patterns of attention. Therefore, ABMT research should take into account the impact of attention bias stability on attention training response, especially in pediatric populations. ABMT research typically relies on the dot-probe task, where individuals detect a probe following an emotional-neutral stimulus pair. The current research presents two dot-probe experiments relevant to ABMT and attention-bias stability. In Experiment 1, anxious youth receiving 8-weeks of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) were randomly assigned to ABMT that trains attention towards happy faces (n=18) or placebo (n=18). Two additional comparison groups, anxious youth receiving only CBT (n=17) and healthy comparison youth (n=16), were studied. Active attention training towards happy faces did not augment clinician-rated response to CBT; however, individuals receiving training exhibited reductions on self-report measures of anxiety earlier than individuals receiving CBT only. In Experiment 2, healthy youth (n=12) completed a dot-probe task twice while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Intra-class correlation demonstrated stability of neural activation in response to attention bias in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Together, these two studies investigate the ways in which attention-bias stability may impact future work on ABMT.
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“First, many ABM studies find no evidence of AB in orienting to threat in anxious individuals before ABM training (e.g., Boettcher et al., 2013;Britton et al., 2013;Carleton et al., 2015;Eldar et al., 2012;Heeren, Mogoas ¸e, McNally, et al., 2015;McNally et al., 2013;Waters et al., 2015).”
From Anxiety and attention to threat: cognitive mechanisms and treatment with attention bias modification (2016) · cites this paper as Britton et al., 2013
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Chen, K., & Wang, P. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-05840-4
Metadata
- Authors
- Britton, J. C., Bar-Haim, Y., Clementi, M. A., Sankin, L. S., Chen, G., Shechner, T., Norcross, M. A., Spiro, C. N., Lindstrom, K. M., & Pine, D. S.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Mental Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Britton, Jennifer C.
- Venue
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 4
- Pages
- 52-64
- ISSN
- 1878-9293 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3606014
- OpenAlex
- W2088926725
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8
- FWCI
- 15.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Alliance of Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD) Young Investigator Award (JCB)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attentional bias modification, childhood anxiety, attention training, dot-probe task, cognitive behavioral therapy, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Amygdala, Anxiety Disorders, Attention, Child, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Prefrontal Cortex, Self Report
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