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Cited by 88Wave and Wind Energy SystemsMembrane Separation TechnologiesSolar-Powered Water Purification Methods

Freshwater production from the motion of ocean waves – A review

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Leijon, Jennifer, Boström, Cecilia·2018·Desalination
DOI 10.1016/j.desal.2017.10.049
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Abstract

Freshwater scarcity and insufficient sanitation are global urgent problems, affecting billions of people. In this review paper, the process of desalination powered by wave power has been investigated as a potential sustainable solution to water shortage. The different desalination techniques suitable for this type of combined system, i.e. reverse osmosis, electrodialysis and mechanical vapor compression, have been outlined, as well as the different wave energy converters possible to power the desalination process, i.e. oscillating water columns, oscillating bodies (wave activated bodies) and overtopping systems. Some necessary considerations for this type of project are identified. The different wave power/desalination projects and how they have proceeded are presented. The most common design of a wave energy and desalination system includes a wave activated body to pressurize seawater; the seawater flows through a reverse osmosis membrane, resulting in freshwater. Some successful (freshwater producing) wave energy/desalination projects were identified: Delbuoy, the oscillating water column in Vizhinjam, CETO Freshwater, SAROS and Odyssée. It is concluded that wave power and desalination can be combined in a sustainable and autonomous system, generating freshwater from the ocean waves. However, questions regarding cost of produced water, variations in power production due to intermittency and environmental effects still remain.

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  • Ocean energy is one of the most efficient and accessible energy sources.

    “Ocean energy emerges as one of the most efficient and accessible energy sources, since ocean covers 71% of the Earth's surface.[5,6]”

    From Advances in Blue Energy Fuels: Harvesting Energy from Ocean for Self‐Powered Electrolysis (2025) · cites this paper as [6]

    Section 1.2, “Water and waves” (page unavailable), says about 70% of the globe is water and describes a global wave-energy resource, supporting the claim’s broad premise. It does not rank ocean energy among the most efficient or accessible energy sources; it notes that suitable sites are constrained by water depth and distance to users. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Ocean covers 71% of Earth's surface.

    “Ocean energy emerges as one of the most efficient and accessible energy sources, since ocean covers 71% of the Earth's surface.[5,6]”

    From Advances in Blue Energy Fuels: Harvesting Energy from Ocean for Self‐Powered Electrolysis (2025) · cites this paper as [6]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Leijon, J., & Boström, C.
Affiliations
Uppsala University (SE)
Corresponding author
Leijon, Jennifer
ORCID
Venue
Desalination
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-06
Volume
435
Pages
161-171
ISSN
0011-9164 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.desal.2017.10.049
OpenAlex
W2770726648
Cited by
88
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1
FWCI
5.75
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Desalination (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Swedish Research Council (grant no 2015-03126)
  • StandUp for Energy
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Wave and Wind Energy Systems
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Membrane Separation Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods
Keywords
wave energy, wave energy converters, oscillating water column, overtopping wave energy converter, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, mechanical vapor compression, freshwater production, water scarcity, renewable energy intermittency, environmental impact of desalination

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