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Cited by 15Diabetes and associated disordersDiabetes Management and ResearchGenetic Associations and Epidemiology

Epidemiology of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Azerbaijan: Incidence, clinical features, biochemistry, and HLA-DRB1 status

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Ahmadov, Gunduz Ahmad, Govender, Denira, Atkinson, Mark Alvin, Sultanova, Rumiyya Anvar, Eubova, Amalia Abdulla, Wasserfall, Clive Henry, Mack, Steven John, Lane, Julie Ann +2 more·2018·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.09.009PMC PMC6384092
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Abstract

Aims Determine the incidence and typology of diabetes in children in Azerbaijan. Methods Clinical features, C-peptide, autoantibodies (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and islet antigen 2 (IA-2)), and HLA-DRB1 status were studied in 106 subjects <18 years of age who were recently diagnosed. 104 cases were consecutive. Incidence was determined for Baku and Absheron regions, where ascertainment is estimated to be essentially 100%. Results 104 of the 106 (98%) were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, one with type 2 diabetes and one with atypical diabetes. Type 1 diabetes incidence in Baku City and Absheron was 7.05 per 100,000 population <15 years per year. Peak age of onset was 10 years. There was a slight male preponderance (male:female 1.17:1), and no temporal association with seasons. Almost all type 1 diabetes subjects presented with classic symptoms including a high incidence (58%) of diabetic ketoacidosis. 86% presented with low C-peptide values (<0.13 nmol/L, <0.40 ng/mL) and 74% were positive for at least one type 1 diabetes-related autoantibody. Conclusions Azerbaijan has a moderate type 1 diabetes incidence and clinical, biochemical and genetic features similar to that in European populations.

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  • C-peptide measurements and other advanced diagnostics and phenotyping are being implemented in youth in less advantaged regions who have been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.

    “However, this picture is changing with C-peptide measurements and other advanced diagnostics and phenotyping being implemented in youth in less advantaged regions who have been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus93–98.”

    From The epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus in older adults (2025) · cites this paper as [98]

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Authors
Ahmadov, G. A., Govender, D., Atkinson, M. A., Sultanova, R. A., Eubova, A. A., Wasserfall, C. H., Mack, S. J., Lane, J. A., Noble, J. A., & Ogle, G. D.
Affiliations
  • Azerbaijan Medical University (AZ)
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • University of Florida Health (US)
  • University of Florida (US)
  • International Diabetes Federation (BE)
Corresponding author
Ogle, Graham David
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-10
Volume
144
Pages
252-259
ISSN
0168-8227 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.diabres.2018.09.009
PMC
PMC6384092
OpenAlex
W2890785519
Cited by
15
References
3
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1
FWCI
0.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) (R01AI28775 (SM))
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
Keywords
childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, incidence, clinical features, C-peptide, autoantibodies, GAD65, IA-2, HLA-DRB1, diabetic ketoacidosis, age of onset, sex differences, Azerbaijan, Baku, Absheron
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Autoantibodies, Azerbaijan, C-Peptide, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Biomarkers, Incidence, HLA-DRB1 Chains

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