Cited by 213Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchSmoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

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Reliability and validity of a short form of the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire

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Heishman, Stephen J., Evans, Rebecca J., Singleton, Edward G., Levin, Kenneth H., Copersino, Marc L., Gorelick, David A.·2009·Drug and Alcohol Dependence

DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.010PMC PMC2694410

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Abstract

Background The Marijuana Craving Questionnaire (MCQ) is a valid and reliable, 47-item self-report instrument that assesses marijuana craving along four dimensions: compulsivity, emotionality, expectancy, and purposefulness. For use in research and clinical settings, we constructed a 12-item version of the MCQ by selecting three items from each of the four factors that exhibited the greatest within-factor internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient).Methods Adult marijuana users (n=490), who had made at least one serious attempt to quit marijuana use but were not seeking treatment, completed the MCQ-Short Form (MCQ-SF) in a single session.Results Confirmatory factor analysis of the MCQ-SF indicated good fit with the 4-factor MCQ model, and the coefficient of congruence indicated moderate similarity in factor patterns and loadings between the MCQ and MCQ-SF. Homogeneity (unidimensionality and internal consistency) of MCQ-SF factors was also consistent with reliability values obtained in the initial validation of the MCQ.Conclusions Findings of psychometric fidelity indicate that the MCQ-SF is a reliable and valid measure of the same multidimensional aspects of marijuana craving as the MCQ in marijuana users not seeking treatment.

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Authors: Heishman, S. J., Evans, R. J., Singleton, E. G., Levin, K. H., Copersino, M. L., & Gorelick, D. A.
Affiliations: National Institute on Drug Abuse (US)
MayaTech (United States) (US)
Harvard University (US)
ORCID: Evans, Rebecca J.
Singleton, Edward G.
Copersino, Marc L.
Gorelick, David A.
Venue: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-06
Volume: 102
Issue: 1-3
Pages: 35-40
ISSN: 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.12.010
PMC: PMC2694410
OpenAlex: W2006062215
Cited by: 212
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 6.49
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Drug Abuse (Z01DA000485)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: short-form questionnaire, psychometric validation, reliability statistics, validity, compulsivity, emotionality, expectancy, purposefulness, marijuana users, unidimensionality
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Marijuana Abuse, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Ethnicity, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Black People, White People, Young Adult

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Reliability and validity of a short form of the Marijuana Craving Questionnaire

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