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Risk environments and drug harms: A social science for harm reduction approach

Rhodes, Tim·2009·International Journal of Drug Policy

DOI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003

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Abstract

A 'risk environment' framework promotes an understanding of harm, and harm reduction, as a matter of 'contingent causation'. Harm is contingent upon social context, comprising interactions between individuals and environments. There is a momentum of interest in understanding how the relations between individuals and environments impact on the production and reduction of drug harms, and this is reflected by broader debates in the social epidemiology, political economy, and sociology of health. This essay maps some of these developments, and a number of challenges. These include: social epidemiological approaches seeking to capture the socially constructed and dynamic nature of individual-environment interactions; political-economic approaches giving sufficient attention to how risk is situated differentially in local contexts, and to the role of agency and experience; understanding how public health as well as harm reduction discourses act as sites of 'governmentality' in risk subjectivity; and focusing on the logics of everyday habits and practices as a means to understanding how structural risk environments are incorporated into experience. Overall, the challenge is to generate empirical and theoretical work which encompasses both 'determined' and 'productive' relations of risk across social structures and everyday practices. A risk environment approach brings together multiple resources and methods in social science, and helps frame a 'social science for harm reduction'.

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Authors: Rhodes, T.
Affiliations: University of London (GB)
Corresponding author: Rhodes, Tim
ORCID: Rhodes, Tim
Venue: International Journal of Drug Policy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-05
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Pages: 193-201
ISSN: 0955-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003
OpenAlex: W2110101976
Cited by: 948
References: 133
Citations by year: 2026: 49 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 33
FWCI: 20.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: International Journal of Drug Policy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
Keywords: risk environment, drug-related harm, harm reduction, individual-environment interaction, social epidemiology, political economy of health, governmentality, everyday practices, structural risk, public health discourse
MeSH terms: Humans, Politics, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Social Problems, Socioeconomic Factors, Substance-Related Disorders, Harm Reduction

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Risk environments and drug harms: A social science for harm reduction approach

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