Cited by 949HIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesCrime, Deviance, and Social Control

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 130 of the 133 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk environments and drug harms: A social science for harm reduction approach

Rhodes, Tim·2009·International Journal of Drug Policy

DOI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

A 'risk environment' framework promotes an understanding of harm, and harm reduction, as a matter of 'contingent causation'. Harm is contingent upon social context, comprising interactions between individuals and environments. There is a momentum of interest in understanding how the relations between individuals and environments impact on the production and reduction of drug harms, and this is reflected by broader debates in the social epidemiology, political economy, and sociology of health. This essay maps some of these developments, and a number of challenges. These include: social epidemiological approaches seeking to capture the socially constructed and dynamic nature of individual-environment interactions; political-economic approaches giving sufficient attention to how risk is situated differentially in local contexts, and to the role of agency and experience; understanding how public health as well as harm reduction discourses act as sites of 'governmentality' in risk subjectivity; and focusing on the logics of everyday habits and practices as a means to understanding how structural risk environments are incorporated into experience. Overall, the challenge is to generate empirical and theoretical work which encompasses both 'determined' and 'productive' relations of risk across social structures and everyday practices. A risk environment approach brings together multiple resources and methods in social science, and helps frame a 'social science for harm reduction'.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003

Cites

130 of 130 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Outline of a Theory of Practice
Bourdieu, P. (1977) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511812507 · Cited by 27,606
The Logic of Practice
Bourdieu, P. (1990) · doi:10.1515/9781503621749 · Cited by 17,271
Outline of a Theory of Practice.
Frank, A. W., & Bourdieu, P. (1980) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2066038 · Cited by 14,591
The Constitution of Society.
Powers, C. H., & Giddens, A. (1988) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2579442 · Cited by 8,854
Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators
McEwen, B. S. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199801153380307 · Cited by 6,733
Modernity and Self-Identity
Giddens, A. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003320609-62 · Cited by 4,821
HIV and AIDS-related stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and implications for action
Parker, R. G., & Aggleton, P. (2003) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00304-0 · Cited by 2,754
Theories for social epidemiology in the 21st century: An ecosocial perspective
Krieger, N. (2001) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/30.4.668 · Cited by 2,155
The death of the social? Re-figuring the territory of government
Rose, N. (1996) · Economy and Society · doi:10.1080/03085149600000018 · Cited by 1,692
The ‘risk environment’: A framework for understanding and reducing drug-related harm
Rhodes, T. (2002) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/s0955-3959(02)00007-5 · Cited by 1,241
Self-citation

Show all 133 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Pearce, 1998, Back to the future in epidemiology and public health, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 51, 643

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 949

Equity-oriented frameworks to inform responses to opioid overdoses: a scoping review
Wallace, B. B., MacKinnon, K., Strosher, H., Macevicius, C., Gordon, C., Raworth, R., Mesley, L., Shahram, S., Marcellus, L., Urbanoski, K. A., et al. (2021) · JBI Evidence Synthesis · doi:10.11124/jbies-20-00304 · Cited by 26
Navigating Risks and Reducing Harm: A Gendered Analysis of Anabolic–Androgenic Steroid Users Within the Risk Environment Framework
Piatkowski, T. M., & Dunn, M. (2024) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/00914509241249292 · Cited by 25
An examination of places where African American men who have sex with men (MSM) use drugs/drink alcohol: A focus on social and spatial characteristics
Tobin, K. E., Latkin, C. A., & Curriero, F. C. (2013) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.12.006 · Cited by 25
Who goes first? Understanding hepatitis C risk among injecting networks in the prison setting
Lafferty, L., Rance, J., & Treloar, C. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.030 · Cited by 25
The experiences of people who inject drugs of skin and soft tissue infections and harm reduction: A qualitative study
Dunleavy, K., Hope, V. D., Roy, K., & Taylor, A. (2019) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.09.001 · Cited by 25
“You can’t chain a dog to a porch”: a multisite qualitative analysis of youth narratives of parental approaches to substance use
Slemon, A., Jenkins, E., Haines‐Saah, R., Daly, Z., & Jiao, S. (2019) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-019-0297-3 · Cited by 25
Peer-assisted injection as a harm reduction measure in a supervised consumption service: a qualitative study of client experiences
Pijl, E. M., Oosterbroek, T. A., Motz, T., Mason, E., Hamilton, K., Bourque, S., & Manning, J. (2021) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00455-3 · Cited by 25
Increased drug use and the timing of social assistance receipt among people who use illicit drugs
Krebs, E., Wang, L., Olding, M., DeBeck, K., Hayashi, K., Milloy, M., Wood, E., Nosyk, B., & Richardson, L. (2016) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.006 · Cited by 26
Court as a health intervention to advance Canada’s achievement of the sustainable development goals : a multi-pronged analysis of Vancouver’s Downtown Community Court
Garcia, R., Kenyon, K. H., Brolan, C. E., Coughlin, J., & Guedes, D. D. (2019) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-019-0511-9 · Cited by 24
Essential (“Precursor”) chemical control for heroin: Impact of acetic anhydride regulation on US heroin availability
Cunningham, J. K., Liu, L., & Callaghan, R. C. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.07.014 · Cited by 24
Metropolitan Social Environments and Pre-HAART/HAART Era Changes in Mortality Rates (per 10,000 Adult Residents) among Injection Drug Users Living with AIDS
Friedman, S. R., West, B. S., Pouget, E. R., Hall, H. I., Cantrell, J., Tempalski, B. J., Chatterjee, S., Hu, X., Cooper, H. L. F., Galea, S., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057201 · Cited by 24
Social context and perspectives of non‐medical prescription opioid use among young adults in Rhode Island: A qualitative study
Yedinak, J. L., Kinnard, E. N., Hadland, S. E., Green, T. C., Clark, M. A., & Marshall, B. D. L. (2016) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/ajad.12466 · Cited by 24
Opioid-Involved Overdose Among Male Afghanistan/Iraq-Era U.S. Military Veterans: A Multidimensional Perspective
Bennett, A. S., Elliott, L. C., Golub, A. L., Wolfson‐Stofko, B., & Guarino, H. (2017) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2017.1306563 · Cited by 24
Drivers of opioid use in Appalachian Pennsylvania: Cross-cutting social and community-level factors
Thompson, J. R., Creasy, S. L., Mair, C., & Burke, J. G. (2020) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102706 · Cited by 24
Positive effects of community attachment on internalised stigma and wellbeing among people who inject drugs
Brener, L., Broady, T. R., Cama, E. J., Hopwood, M., Byrne, J., & Treloar, C. (2021) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103323 · Cited by 24
A drug-related Good Samaritan Law and calling emergency medical services for drug overdoses in a Canadian setting
Moallef, S., Choi, J., Milloy, M., DeBeck, K., Kerr, T. H., & Hayashi, K. (2021) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-021-00537-w · Cited by 22
Social and Biological Transgenerational Underpinnings of Adolescent Pregnancy
Rowlands, A., Juergensen, E. C., Prescivalli, A. P., Salvante, K. G., & Nepomnaschy, P. A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182212152 · Cited by 31
A qualitative study on pharmacy policies toward over-the-counter syringe sales in a rural epicenter of US drug-related epidemics
Fadanelli, M., Cooper, H. L. F., Freeman, P. R., Ballard, A. M., Ibragimov, U., & Young, A. M. (2022) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-021-00569-2 · Cited by 24
Constructing a ‘target population’: A critical analysis of public health discourse on substance use among gay and bisexual men, 2000–2020
Schroeder, S., Bourne, A. H., Doyle, J., Hellard, M. E., Stoove, M. A., & Pedrana, A. E. (2022) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103808 · Cited by 24
Distributive sharing among HIV–HCV co-infected injecting drug users: the preventive role of trust in one's physician
Jauffret‐Roustide, M., Cohen, J., Poisot-Martin, I., Spire, B., Gossop, M., Carrieri, P., & the MANIF 2000 Study Group (2011) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2011.596515 · Cited by 24
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Sexual Violence Among Female Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs on the United States–Mexico Border
McDougal, L., Strathdee, S. A., Rangel, G., Martı́nez, G., Vera, A., Sirotin, N., Stockman, J. K., Ulibarri, M. D., & Raj, A. (2013) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/0886-6708.11-00129 · Cited by 24
The role of the Chinese police in methadone maintenance therapy: A literature review
Meng, J., & Burris, S. C. (2013) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.03.010 · Cited by 24
A cross-sectional national survey assessing self-reported drug intake behavior, contact with the primary sector and drug treatment among service users of Danish drug consumption rooms
Toth, E. C., Tegner, J., Lauridsen, S., & Kappel, N. (2016) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-016-0115-0 · Cited by 23
Risk perception, changing social context, and norms prevent transition to regular injection among people who smoke heroin
Harris, J., Shorter, G. W., Davidson, G., & Best, P. (2020) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107878 · Cited by 23
Drug‐related harm coinciding with income assistance payments: results from a community‐based cohort of people who use drugs
Richardson, L., Dong, H., Kerr, T. H., Milloy, M., & Hayashi, K. (2020) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.15182 · Cited by 24
Drug overdose mortality among stateside Puerto Ricans: Evidence of a health disparity
Cano, M. N., & Gelpí-Acosta, C. (2020) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103079 · Cited by 23
Circumstances of overdose among suburban women who use opioids: Extending an urban analysis informed by drug, set, and setting
Lamonica, A. K., Boeri, M. W., & Turner, J. (2020) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103082 · Cited by 24
A qualitative study of a publicly funded pharmacy-dispensed naloxone program
Antoniou, T., Pritlove, C., Shearer, D., Martins, D., Tadrous, M., Munro, C., & Gomes, T. (2021) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103146 · Cited by 26
A randomized controlled trial of a brief behavioral intervention to reduce skin and soft tissue infections among people who inject drugs
Phillips, K. T., Stewart, C., Anderson, B. J., Liebschutz, J. M., Herman, D. S., & Stein, M. D. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108646 · Cited by 23
Social and Structural Constraints on Disclosure and Informed Consent for HIV Survey Research Involving Female Sex Workers and Their Bar Managers in the Philippines
Urada, L. A., & Simmons, J. (2014) · Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics · doi:10.1525/jer.2014.9.1.29 · Cited by 23
Growing-Up With a Substance-Dependent Parent: Development of Subjective Risk and Protective Factors
Ronel, N., & Levy-Cahana, M. (2010) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2010.527417 · Cited by 23
Epidemiology, Policy, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Health Disparities
Carter‐Pokras, O., Offutt-Powell, T. N., Kaufman, J. S., Giles, W. H., & Mays, V. M. (2012) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2012.04.018 · Cited by 23
Sociological approaches to the study of drug use and drug policy
Stevens, A. (2011) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2011.10.003 · Cited by 23
Animal house: University risk environments and the regulation of students’ alcohol use
Wilkinson, B., & Ivsins, A. (2017) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.06.002 · Cited by 23
Harm reduction and the mainstream
Rhodes, T., & Hedrich, D. (2010) · LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) · Cited by 23
Self-citation
“My body breaks. I take solution.” Inhalant use in Delhi as pleasure seeking at a cost
Gigengack, R. (2014) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.06.003 · Cited by 23
US federal cocaine essential (‘precursor’) chemical regulation impacts on US cocaine availability: an intervention time–series analysis with temporal replication
Cunningham, J. K., Callaghan, R. C., & Liu, L. (2015) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12839 · Cited by 22
“[Drinking is] Like a Rule That You Can't Break”: Perceived Barriers and Facilitators to Reduce Alcohol Use and Improve Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence among People Living with HIV and Alcohol Use Disorder in Vietnam
Hershow, R. B., Zuskov, D., Mai, N. V. T., Chander, G., Hutton, H. E., Latkin, C. A., Vuong, N. D., Sripaipan, T., Lancaster, K. E., Hà, T. V., et al. (2018) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2017.1392986 · Cited by 22
Characterizing opioid agonist treatment discontinuation trends in British Columbia, Canada, 2012–2018
Krebs, E., Homayra, F., Min, J. E., MacDonald, S., Gold, L., Carter, C., & Nosyk, B. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108799 · Cited by 22
Futures-oriented drugs policy research: Events, trends, and speculating on what might become
Rhodes, T., & Lancaster, K. (2021) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103332 · Cited by 22
Self-citation
Dealing with low access to harm reduction: a qualitative study of the strategies and risk environments of people who use drugs in a small Swedish city
Holeksa, J. (2022) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-022-00602-y · Cited by 29
Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Barriers, Facilitators and Unmet Need Among Rural People Who Inject Drugs: A Qualitative Examination of Syringe Service Program Client Perspectives
Surratt, H. L., Yeager, H., Adu, A. K., González, E. A., Nelson, E. O., & Walker, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.905314 · Cited by 22
“You still have that fear”: Policy constraints on informed decision making about legalized cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation
English, F., & Greyson, D. L. (2022) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103774 · Cited by 22
Characterizing Opioid Withdrawal Experiences and Consequences Among a Community Sample of People Who Use Opioids
Simpson, K. A., Bolshakova, M., Kirkpatrick, M. G., Davis, J. P., Cho, J., Barrington‐Trimis, J. L., Kral, A. H., & Bluthenthal, R. N. (2024) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2024.2306221 · Cited by 22
Male injection drug users try new drugs following U.S. deportation to Tijuana, Mexico
Bazzi, A. R., Rangel, G., Lozada, R. M., Vera, A., & Ojeda, V. D. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.012 · Cited by 24
“We get by with a little help from our friends”: Small-scale informal and large-scale formal peer distribution networks of sterile injecting equipment in Australia
Newland, J., Newman, C. E., & Treloar, C. (2016) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.04.005 · Cited by 22
Employment Cessation, Long Term Labour Market Engagement and HIV Infection Risk Among People Who Inject Drugs in an Urban Canadian Setting
Richardson, L., Mammel, M., Milloy, M., & Hayashi, K. (2019) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-019-02472-1 · Cited by 22
Understanding rural risk environments for drug-related harms: Progress, challenges, and steps forward
Ibragimov, U., Young, A. M., & Cooper, H. L. F. (2020) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102926 · Cited by 22
The economic underpinnings of the drug epidemic
Seltzer, N. (2020) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100679 · Cited by 24
Injecting drug use: Gendered risk
Zahnow, R., WINSTOCK, A. R., Maier, L. J., Levy, J., & Ferris, J. (2018) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.03.018 · Cited by 21
A rapid ethnographic study of risk negotiation during the COVID-19 pandemic among unstably housed people who use drugs in Rhode Island
Collins, A. B., Edwards, S., McNeil, R., Goldman, J. A., Hallowell, B. D., Scagos, R. P., & Marshall, B. D. L. (2022) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103626 · Cited by 21
The risk matrix: Drug‐related deaths in prisons in England and Wales, 2015–2020
Duke, K., Gleeson, H., MacGregor, S., & Thom, B. (2023) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22989 · Cited by 21
Navigating the poverty of heroin addiction treatment and recovery opportunity in Kenya: Access work, self-care and rationed expectations
Rhodes, T., Ndimbii, J. N., Guise, A., Cullen, L., & Ayon, S. (2015) · Global Public Health · doi:10.1080/17441692.2015.1046385 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Correlates and Contexts of US Injection Drug Initiation Among Undocumented Mexican Migrant Men Who Were Deported from the United States
Bazzi, A. R., Lozada, R. M., Pollini, R. A., Rangel, G., & Ojeda, V. D. (2012) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-011-0111-z · Cited by 21
Infrequent opioid overdose risk reduction behaviours among young adult heroin users in cities with wide coverage of HIV prevention programmes
Neira-León, M., Barrio, G., Bravo, M. J., Brugal, M. T., de la Fuente, L., Domingo‐Salvany, A., Pulido, J., & Santos, S. (2010) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2010.06.003 · Cited by 21
Risk of violence in drug rehabilitation centers: perceptions of people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico
Vera, A., González‐Zúñiga, P., Vargas-Ojeda, A. C., Medina‐Mora, M. E., Magis-Rodríguez, C. L., Wagner, K. D., Strathdee, S. A., & Werb, D. (2016) · Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1186/s13011-015-0044-z · Cited by 21
‘Affording’ new approaches to couples who inject drugs: A novel fitpack design for hepatitis C prevention
Fraser, S., Treloar, C., Gendera, S., & Rance, J. (2017) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.07.001 · Cited by 21
From pain treatment to opioid dependence: a qualitative study of the environmental influence on codeine use in UK adults
Kinnaird, E., Kimergård, A., Jennings, S., Drummond, C., & Deluca, P. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025331 · Cited by 22
Restrictive opioid prescribing policies and evolving risk environments: A qualitative study of the perspectives of patients who experienced an accidental opioid overdose
Mueller, S. R., Glanz, J. M., Nguyen, A. P., Stowell, M., Koester, S. K., Rinehart, D. J., & Binswanger, I. A. (2021) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103077 · Cited by 22
Injection drug users’ and their risk networks’ experiences of and attitudes towards drug dealer violence in Baltimore, Maryland
Latkin, C. A., Yang, P., Tobin, K. E., & German, D. (2012) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.07.007 · Cited by 21
Agents of Change: Peer Mentorship as HIV Prevention Among HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users
Mackenzie, S., Pearson, C., Frye, V. A., Gomez, C. A., Latka, M. H., Purcell, D. W., Knowlton, A. R., Metsch, L. R., Tobin, K. E., Valverde, E. E., et al. (2012) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2012.644122 · Cited by 21
Injecting on the Island: a qualitative exploration of the service needs of persons who inject drugs in Prince Edward Island, Canada
McCutcheon, J., & Morrison, M. A. (2014) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/1477-7517-11-10 · Cited by 21
City streetscapes and neighborhood characteristics of fatal opioid overdoses among people experiencing homelessness who use drugs in New York City, 2017–2019
Nesoff, E. D., Wiebe, D. J., & Martins, S. S. (2022) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103904 · Cited by 20
Exploring the Impacts of Rurality on Service Access and Harm Among Image and Performance Enhancing Drug (IPED) Users in a Remote English Region
Turnock, L. A., & Mulrooney, K. J. D. (2023) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/00914509231155487 · Cited by 20
Pathways connecting socioeconomic marginalization and overdose: A qualitative narrative synthesis
van Draanen, J., Jamula, R., Karamouzian, M., Mitra, S., & Richardson, L. (2023) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.103971 · Cited by 21
Police seizure of drugs without arrest among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada, before provincial ‘decriminalization’ of simple possession: a cohort study
Hayashi, K., Kelsall, T. S., Shane, C., Cui, Z., Vancouver Area Network of Drug Users, Milloy, M., DeBeck, K., & Kerr, T. H. (2023) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-023-00833-7 · Cited by 21
“I’m not going to lay back and watch somebody die”: a qualitative study of how people who use drugs’ naloxone experiences are shaped by rural risk environment and overdose education/naloxone distribution intervention
Kesich, Z., Ibragimov, U., Komro, K. A., Lane, K., Livingston, M. D., Young, A. M., & Cooper, H. L. F. (2023) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-023-00900-z · Cited by 20
Individual and Socio-Environmental Factors Associated with Unsafe Injection Practices Among Young Adult Injection Drug Users in San Diego
Munoz, F. A., Burgos, J. L., Cuevas-Mota, J., Teshale, E. H., & Garfein, R. S. (2014) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-014-0815-y · Cited by 20
Contextualization of HIV and HPV risk and prevention among Pacific Islander young adults in Southern California
DiStefano, A. S., Hui, B., Barrera-Ng, A., Quitugua, L., Peters, R., Dimaculangan, J., Vunileva, I., Tui’one, V., Takahashi, L. M., & Tanjasiri, S. P. (2012) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.04.011 · Cited by 20
Socializing in an open drug scene: The relationship between access to private space and drug-related street disorder
DeBeck, K., Wood, E., Qi, J., Fu, E., McArthur, D., Montaner, J. S. G., & Kerr, T. H. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.06.015 · Cited by 20
How the prison-to-community transition risk environment influences the experience of men with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorder
Denton, M., Foster, M. M., & Bland, R. (2015) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1177/0004865815620703 · Cited by 20
Micro-level social and structural factors act synergistically to increase HIV risk among Nepalese female sex workers
Deuba, K., Anderson, S., Ekström, A. M., Pandey, S. R., Shrestha, R., Karki, D. K., & Marrone, G. (2016) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.007 · Cited by 20
Investigating Differences Between Drugs Used in the Australian Night-Time Economy: Demographics, Substance Use, and Harm
Pennay, A. E., Jenkinson, R., Quinn, B., Droste, N., Peacock, A., Lubman, D. I., & Miller, P. G. (2016) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1214153 · Cited by 20
Voices of the Banned
Søgaard, T. F. (2017) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/0091450917741918 · Cited by 20
Attitudes towards community gambling venues and support for regulatory reform: an online panel study of residents in New South Wales, Australia
Bestman, A., Thomas, S. L., Randle, M., Pitt, H., & Daube, M. (2018) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-018-0218-x · Cited by 20
Risks associated with crack cocaine smoking among exotic dancers in Baltimore, MD
Sherman, S. G., Reuben, J., Serio-Chapman, C., & Lilleston, P. S. (2010) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.003 · Cited by 20
Beyond equipment distribution in Needle and Syringe Programmes: an exploratory analysis of blood-borne virus risk and other measures of client need
Treloar, C., Mao, L., & Wilson, H. (2016) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-016-0107-0 · Cited by 20
Looking beyond harm: meaning and purpose of substance use in the lives of marginalized people who use drugs
Ivsins, A., & Yake, K. (2018) · Drugs: education prevention and policy · doi:10.1080/09687637.2018.1497145 · Cited by 18
Ethical considerations and potential threats to validity for three methods commonly used to collect geographic information in studies among people who use drugs
Rudolph, A. E., Bazzi, A. R., & Fish, S. (2016) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.014 · Cited by 19
Relational Factors and HIV Testing Practices: Qualitative Insights from Urban Refugee Youth in Kampala, Uganda
Logie, C. H., Okumu, M., Latif, M., Parker, S. J., Hakiza, R., Musoke, D. K., Mwima, S., Batte, S., & Kyambadde, P. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-021-03567-4 · Cited by 19
Drug Consumption Rooms: Welfare State and Diversity in Social Acceptance in Denmark and in France
Houborg, E., & Jauffret‐Roustide, M. (2022) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2022.306808 · Cited by 21
Alprazolam-related deaths in Scotland, 2004–2020
Corkery, J., Guirguis, A., Chiappini, S., Martinotti, G., & Schifano, F. (2022) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811221104065 · Cited by 19
Towards a social harm approach in drug policy
Dertadian, G. C., & Askew, R. (2024) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104425 · Cited by 19
(De)criminalisation of possession of drugs for personal use – A view from the Czech Republic
Mravčík, V. (2015) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.01.022 · Cited by 19
The impact of engagement in street-based income generation activities on stimulant drug use cessation among people who inject drugs
Ti, L., Richardson, L., DeBeck, K., Nguyen, P., Montaner, J., Wood, E., & Kerr, T. H. (2014) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.003 · Cited by 19
Risk Environments, Race/Ethnicity, and HIV Status in a Large Sample of People Who Inject Drugs in the United States
Cooper, H. L. F., Linton, S. L., Kelley, M. E., Ross, Z., Wolfe, M. E., Chen, Y., Zlotorzynska, M., Hunter-Jones, J. J., Friedman, S. R., Jarlais, D. C. D., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150410 · Cited by 21
The risk environments of people who use drugs accessing two harm reduction centers in Tehran, Iran: A qualitative study
Bastani, P., Marshall, B. D. L., Rahimi‐Movaghar, A., & Noroozi, A. (2018) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.11.013 · Cited by 21
Implementation and evaluation of an educational intervention for safer injection in people who inject drugs in Europe: a multi-country mixed-methods study
Roux, P., Donadille, C., Magen, C., Schatz, E., Stranz, R., Curado, A., Tsiakou, T., Verdes, L., Aleksova, A., Carrieri, P., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102992 · Cited by 18
Substance Use and Violent Victimization: Evidence from a Cohort of >82,000 Patients Treated for Alcohol and Drug Use Disorder in Denmark
Seid, A. K., Hesse, M., Houborg, E., & Thylstrup, B. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260521997456 · Cited by 19
Initiation into prescription opioid injection and associated trends in heroin use among people who use illicit drugs
Lake, S., Milloy, M., Dong, H., Hayashi, K., Wood, E., Kerr, T. H., & DeBeck, K. (2016) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.017 · Cited by 18
Structural Vulnerabilities, Personal Agency, and Caste: An Exploration of Child Sex Trafficking in Rural India
Dalla, R. L., Panchal, T. J., Erwin, S., Peter, J., Roselius, K., Ranjan, R., Mischra, M., & Sahu, S. (2020) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/vv-d-19-00048 · Cited by 20
Geographical Aspects of Recent Trends in Drug-Related Deaths, with a Focus on Intra-National Contextual Variation
Congdon, P. D. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17218081 · Cited by 18
Policy actor views on structural vulnerability in harm reduction and policymaking for illegal drugs: A qualitative study
Gehring, N. D., Speed, K. A., Wild, T. C., Pauly, B., Salvalaggio, G., & Hyshka, E. (2022) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103805 · Cited by 18
The relationship between felt stigma and non-fatal overdose among rural people who use drugs
Sibley, A. L., Klein, E., Cooper, H. L. F., Livingston, M. D., Baker, R., Walters, S. M., Gicquelais, R. E., Ruderman, S. A., Friedmann, P. D., Jenkins, W. D., et al. (2024) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-024-00988-x · Cited by 22
Ketamine use in a large global sample: Characteristics, patterns of use and emergency medical treatment
Barrios, K. P., Connolly, D. J., Ferris, J., Maier, L. J., Barratt, M. J., WINSTOCK, A. R., Puljević, C., & Gilchrist, G. (2024) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811241273850 · Cited by 20
Reducing Risk, Producing Order: The Surprisingly Disciplinary World of Needle Exchange
McLean, K. J. (2013) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/009145091304000306 · Cited by 18
Crack Pipe Sharing in Context: How Sociostructural Factors Shape Risk Practices among Noninjection Drug Users
Ivsins, A., Roth, E. A., Benoit, C., & Fischer, B. (2013) · Contemporary Drug Problems · doi:10.1177/009145091304000403 · Cited by 18
Relationships between integration and drug use among deported migrants in Tijuana, Mexico
Horyniak, D., Pinedo, M., Burgos, J. L., & Ojeda, V. D. (2017) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-016-0518-8 · Cited by 19
New psychoactive substance use as a survival strategy in rural marginalised communities in Hungary
Csák, R., Szécsi, J., Kassai, S., Márványkövi, F., & Rácz, J. (2020) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.102639 · Cited by 18
Reorienting risk to resilience: street-involved youth perspectives on preventing the transition to injection drug use
Tozer, K., Tzemis, D., Amlani, A., Coser, L. R., Taylor, D., Borek, N. V., Saewyc, E., & Buxton, J. A. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2153-z · Cited by 19

Authors: Rhodes, T.
Affiliations: University of London (GB)
Corresponding author: Rhodes, Tim
ORCID: Rhodes, Tim
Venue: International Journal of Drug Policy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-05
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Pages: 193-201
ISSN: 0955-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.10.003
OpenAlex: W2110101976
Cited by: 948
References: 133
Citations by year: 2026: 49 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 33
FWCI: 20.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: International Journal of Drug Policy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
Keywords: risk environment, drug-related harm, harm reduction, individual-environment interaction, social epidemiology, political economy of health, governmentality, everyday practices, structural risk, public health discourse
MeSH terms: Humans, Politics, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Social Problems, Socioeconomic Factors, Substance-Related Disorders, Harm Reduction

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Risk environments and drug harms: A social science for harm reduction approach

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks