The effects of Panax ginseng and Spirulina platensis on hepatotoxicity induced by cadmium in rats
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmental and industrial cumulative pollutant that affects many organs, specially the liver. The protective effect of Spirulina platensis and Panax ginseng on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity was evaluated in adult female Wistar albino rats. At the end of the 1-month experimental period, all animals were fasted for 12h and liver samples were taken for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. S. platensis and P. ginseng treatments showed marked decrease lipid peroxidation and increase of the endogenous antioxidants levels. The cadmium-induced histopathological changes were also minimized with the tested extracts. These results suggest that S. platensis and P. ginseng might play a role in reducing the toxic effect of cadmium and its antioxidant properties seem to mediate such a protective effect.
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Antioxidant activity accounts for the protective role of Spirulina against toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride, metals, deltamethrin, and drugs in animal models.
“It has been suggested that the antioxidant activity accounts for the protective role of Spirulina against the toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) [40], by metals (arsenic, mercuric chloride, chromium, cadmium, and fluoride) [34, 41–44], by the insecticide deltamethrin in mice [39] and rats [45]”
From Antioxidant, Immunomodulating, and Microbial‐Modulating Activities of the Sustainable and Ecofriendly <i>Spirulina</i> (2017) · cites this paper as [44]
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References 43 · Cited by 116
- Authors
- Karadeniz, A., Cemek, M., & Simsek, N.
- Affiliations
- Atatürk University (TR)
- Afyon Kocatepe University (TR)
- Corresponding author
- Karadeniz, Ali
- ORCID
- Karadeniz, Ali
- Venue
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 231-235
- ISSN
- 0147-6513 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2039424491
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Keywords
- Panax ginseng, Spirulina platensis, cadmium, hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, nitric oxide, hepatoprotection, heavy metal toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antitoxins, Cadmium, Drugs, Chinese Herbal, Glutathione, Liver, Malondialdehyde, Nitric Oxide, Plant Extracts, Plants, Medicinal, Superoxide Dismutase, Lipid Peroxidation, Rats, Spirulina
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