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Cited by 248Heavy metals in environmentWastewater Treatment and ReuseAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal

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Promoting the productivity and quality of brinjal aligned with heavy metals immobilization in a wastewater irrigated heavy metal polluted soil with biochar and chitosan

Turan, Veysel, Khan, Shahbaz Ali, Mahmood-ur-Rahman, Iqbal, Muhammad, Ramzani, Pia Muhammad Adnan, Fatima, Maryam·2018·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
DOI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.082
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Abstract

Depleting aquifers, lack of planning and low socioeconomic status of Pakistani farmers have led them to use wastewater (WW) for irrigating their crops causing food contamination with heavy metals and ultimately negative effects on human health. This study evaluates the effects of chitosan (CH) and biochar (BC) on growth and nutritional quality of brinjal plant together with in situ immobilization of heavy metals in a soil polluted with heavy metals due to irrigation with wastewater (SPHIW) and further irrigated with the same WW. Both CH and BC were applied at three different rates i.e. low rate [(LR), BC0.5%, CH0.5% and BC0.25%+CH0.25%], medium rate [(MR), BC1%, CH1% and BC0.5%+CH0.5%] and high rate [(HR), BC1.5%, CH1.5% and BC0.75%+CH0.75%]. Result revealed that brinjal growth, antioxidant enzymes, and fruit nutritional quality significantly improved from LR to HR for each amendment, relative to control. However, these results were more prominent with BC alone and BC+CH, compared with CH alone at each rate. Similarly, with few exceptions, significant reduction in Ni, Cd, Co, Cr and Pb concentrations in the root, shoot and fruit were found in sole CH treatment both at LR and MR but in both CH and BC+CH treatments at HR, relative to control. Interestingly, the concentrations of Fe in the roots, shoots and fruit were more pronounced at BC treatments relative to CH and BC+CH treatments at each rate, compared to control. Overall, the BC+CH treatment at HR was the most effective treatment for in situ immobilization of heavy metals in SPHIW and further irrigated with the same WW, compared to rest of the treatments. This study indicates that BC0.75%+CH0.75% treatment can be used to reduce mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in SPHIW and facilitates plant growth by improving the antioxidant system. However, the feasibility of BC0.75%+CH0.75% treatment should also be tested at the field scale.

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Metadata

Authors
Turan, V., Khan, S. A., Mahmood-ur-Rahman, Iqbal, M., Ramzani, P. M. A., & Fatima, M.
Affiliations
  • Bingöl University (TR)
  • Government College University, Faisalabad (PK)
  • Islamia University of Bahawalpur (PK)
Corresponding author
Ramzani, Pia Muhammad Adnan
ORCID
Venue
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-10
Volume
161
Pages
409-419
ISSN
0147-6513 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.082
OpenAlex
W2808219214
Cited by
248
References
114
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 2
FWCI
7.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
Keywords
eggplant, heavy metal immobilization, wastewater irrigation, biochar, chitosan, heavy metal-contaminated soil, antioxidant enzymes, fruit nutritional quality, nickel, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, lead, iron, bioavailability reduction, soil amendment
MeSH terms
Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Charcoal, Environmental Pollutants, Fruit, Humans, Soil, Soil Pollutants, Plant Leaves, Crops, Agricultural, Metals, Heavy, Solanum melongena, Chitosan, Agricultural Irrigation, Wastewater

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