6-Arylthio-3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-diones potently inhibited HIV reverse transcriptase-associated RNase H with antiviral activity
Open accessAbstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) associated ribonuclease H (RNase H) remains the only virally encoded enzymatic function not targeted by current drugs. Although a few chemotypes have been reported to inhibit HIV RNase H in biochemical assays, their general lack of significant antiviral activity in cell culture necessitates continued efforts in identifying highly potent RNase H inhibitors to confer antiviral activity. We report herein the design, synthesis, biochemical and antiviral evaluations of a new 6-arylthio subtype of the 3-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione (HPD) chemotype. In biochemical assays these new analogues inhibited RT RNase H in single-digit nanomolar range without inhibiting RT polymerase (pol) at concentrations up to 10 μM, amounting to exceptional biochemical inhibitory selectivity. Many analogues also inhibited integrase strand transfer (INST) activity in low to sub micromolar range. More importantly, most analogues inhibited HIV in low micromolar range without cytotoxicity. In the end, compound 13j (RNase H IC 50 = 0.005 μM; RT pol IC 50 = 10 μM; INST IC 50 = 4.0 μM; antiviral EC 50 = 7.7 μM; CC 50 > 100 μM) represents the best analogues within this series. These results characterize the new 6-arylthio-HPD subtype as a promising scaffold for HIV RNase H inhibitor discovery.
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XZ462, but not MK1 or MK2, forms a hydrogen-bonding interaction with the conserved H539 residue.
“Importantly, XZ462, but not MK1 or MK2, has a hydrogen-bonding interaction with the conserved H539 residue [89].”
From Retroviral RNase H: structure, mechanism, and inhibition (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
The Results and Discussion, Molecular modeling section (page unavailable) predicts a potential interaction between compound 13q and conserved H539. Our copy does not identify 13q as XZ462 or discuss MK1 or MK2, so it cannot establish the claimed comparison (searched: XZ462, MK1, MK2, H539). (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Wang, L., Tang, J., Huber, A. D., Casey, M. C., Kirby, K. A., Wilson, D. J., Kankanala, J., Xie, J., Parniak, M. A., Sarafianos, S. G., & Wang, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- Emory University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Zhengqiang
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 156
- Pages
- 652-665
- ISSN
- 0223-5234 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6112573
- OpenAlex
- W2883457319
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AI100890)
- University of Minnesota
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Synthesis and biological activity
- Keywords
- RNase H inhibitors, antiviral activity, HIV-1, structure-activity relationship
- MeSH terms
- Cell Line, Humans, Models, Molecular, Pyrimidinones, Structure-Activity Relationship, Drug Design, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Anti-HIV Agents, Ribonuclease H, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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