Cited by 64Electoral Systems and Political ParticipationMisinformation and Its ImpactsBenford’s Law and Fraud Detection

The 2020 presidential election and beliefs about fraud: Continuity or change?

Enders, Adam M., Uscinski, Joseph E., Klofstad, Casey A., Premaratne, Kamal, Seelig, Michelle I., Wuchty, Stefan, Murthi, Manohar N., Funchion, John R.·2021·Electoral Studies

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.electstud.2021.102366

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • This dynamic may have contributed to the sizeable number of candidates in 2022 who endorsed the conspiracy of 2020 electoral fraud.

    “This dynamic may have contributed to the sizeable number of candidates in 2022 who endorsed the conspiracy of 2020 electoral fraud (Enders et al., 2021).”

    From How to study democratic backsliding (2024) · cites this paper as Enders et al., 2021

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Enders, A. M., Uscinski, J. E., Klofstad, C. A., Premaratne, K., Seelig, M. I., Wuchty, S., Murthi, M. N., & Funchion, J. R.
Affiliations
  • University of Louisville (US)
  • University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
Uscinski, Joseph E.
Venue
Electoral Studies
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-08
Volume
72
Pages
102366
ISSN
0261-3794 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3173638897
Cited by
64
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 8
FWCI
26.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Electoral Studies (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of Miami
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Misinformation and Its Impacts
  • Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Benford’s Law and Fraud Detection
Keywords
2020 presidential election, electoral integrity, partisan motivated reasoning, conspiracy beliefs, anomie, Dark Triad personality traits, denialism, partisanship

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review