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Effects of prenatal exposure to particulate matter air pollution on corpus callosum and behavioral problems in children
Open accessAbstract
Air pollution (AP) may affect neurodevelopment, but studies about the effects of AP on the growing human brain are still scarce. We aimed to investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to AP on lateral ventricles (LV) and corpus callosum (CC) volumes in children and to determine whether the induced brain changes are associated with behavioral problems. Among the children recruited through a set of representative schools of the city of Barcelona, (Spain) in the Brain Development and Air Pollution Ultrafine Particles in School Children (BREATHE) study, 186 typically developing participants aged 8–12 years underwent brain MRI on the same 1.5 T MR unit over a 1.5-year period (October 2012–April 2014). Brain volumes were derived from structural MRI scans using automated tissue segmentation. Behavioral problems were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the criteria of the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder DSM-IV list. Prenatal fine particle (PM2.5) levels were retrospectively estimated at the mothers’ residential addresses during pregnancy with land use regression (LUR) models. To determine whether brain structures might be affected by prenatal PM2.5 exposure, linear regression models were run and adjusted for age, sex, intracranial volume (ICV), maternal education, home socioeconomic vulnerability index, birthweight and mothers’ smoking status during pregnancy. To test for associations between brain changes and behavioral outcomes, negative binomial regressions were performed and adjusted for age, sex, ICV. Prenatal PM2.5 levels ranged from 11.8 to 39.5 μg/m3 during the third trimester of pregnancy. An interquartile range increase in PM2.5 level (7 μg/m3) was significantly linked to a decrease in the body CC volume (mm3) (β = −53.7, 95%CI [-92.0, −15.5] corresponding to a 5% decrease of the mean body CC volume) independently of ICV, age, sex, maternal education, socioeconomic vulnerability index at home, birthweight and mothers’ smoking status during the third trimester of pregnancy. A 50 mm3 decrease in the body CC was associated with a significant higher hyperactivity subscore (Rate Ratio (RR) = 1.09, 95%CI [1.01, 1.17) independently of age, sex and ICV. The statistical significance of these results did not survive to False Discovery Rate correction for multiple comparisons. Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 may be associated with CC volume decrease in children. The consequences might be an increase in behavioral problems.
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“Mortamais et al. [28] estimated prenatal PM2.5 levels at maternal residential addresses during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and observed an increase of 7 μg/m3 was significantly associated with a decreased corpus collosum (the bridge connecting the two hemispheres) body volume.”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
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“This decreased volume was linked with higher hyperactivity scores, indicative of behavioral issues.”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mortamais, M., Pujol, J., Martínez-Vilavella, G., Fenoll, R., Reynes, C., Sabatier, R., Rivas, I., Forns, J., Vilor-Tejedor, N., Alemany, S., Cirach, M., Alvarez-Pedrerol, M., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., & Sunyer, J.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Hospital Del Mar (ES)
- Université de Montpellier (FR)
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Mortamais, Marion
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environmental Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 178
- Pages
- 108734
- ISSN
- 0013-9351 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6892268
- OpenAlex
- W2972010641
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 5.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
- European Research Council
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- prenatal air pollution exposure, particulate matter PM2.5, corpus callosum, lateral ventricle, brain development, behavioral problems, hyperactivity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children
- MeSH terms
- Problem Behavior, Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Mental Disorders, Child, Corpus Callosum, Female, Humans, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Retrospective Studies, Spain, Maternal Exposure, Particulate Matter
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