Cited by 105Heavy Metal Exposure and ToxicityAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchTrace Elements in Health

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Autism: A form of lead and mercury toxicity

Yassa, Heba A.·2014·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

DOI 10.1016/j.etap.2014.10.005

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Abstract

Aim Autism is a developmental disability characterized by severe deficits in social interaction and communication. The definite cause of autism is still unknown. The aim of this study is to find out the relation between exposure to Lead and/or mercury as heavy metals and autistic symptoms, dealing with the heavy metals with chelating agents can improve the autististic symptoms.Method Blood and hair samples were obtained from 45 children from Upper Egypt with autism between the ages of 2 and 10 years and 45 children served as controls in the same age range, after taken an informed consent and fill a questionnaire to assess the risk factors. The samples were analyzed blindly for lead and mercury by using atomic absorption and ICP-MS. Data from the two groups were compared, then follow up of the autistic children after treatment with chelating agents were done.Results The results obtained showed significant difference among the two groups, there was high level of mercury and lead among those kids with autism. Significant decline in the blood level of lead and mercury with the use of DMSA as a chelating agent. In addition, there was decline in the autistic symptoms with the decrease in the lead and mercury level in blood.Conclusion Lead and mercury considered as one of the main causes of autism. Environmental exposure as well as defect in heavy metal metabolism is responsible for the high level of heavy metals. Detoxification by chelating agents had great role in improvement of those kids.

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Authors: Yassa, H. A.
Affiliations: Assiut University (EG)
Corresponding author: Yassa, Heba A.
ORCID: Yassa, Heba A.
Venue: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-11
Volume: 38
Issue: 3
Pages: 1016-1024
ISSN: 1382-6689 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.10.005
OpenAlex: W2049647064
Cited by: 105
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6
FWCI: 6.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, lead toxicity, mercury toxicity, heavy metal exposure, chelation therapy, DMSA, blood lead levels, blood mercury, hair metal levels, autism symptoms, children, environmental risk factors
MeSH terms: Autistic Disorder, Chelating Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Succimer, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Lead, Male, Mercury, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Treatment Outcome

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Autism: A form of lead and mercury toxicity

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