The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effectiveness of CBT for children and adolescents with depression: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is first choice of treatment for depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescents, however improvements are necessary because overall efficacy is low. Insights on CBT components and contextual and structural characteristics might increase the efficacy. The aim of our approach is to evaluate the efficacy of CBT for youth with depression and investigate the influence of specific components, contextual and structural factors that could improve effects. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted, searches were undertaken in CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycINFO. Outcomes were meta-analyzed and confidence in results was assessed using the GRADE-method. Meta-regression was used to pinpoint components or other factors that were associated with an in- or decrease of effects of CBT. Results: We included 31 trials with 4335 participants. Moderate-quality evidence was found for CBT reducing depressive symptoms at the end of treatment and at follow-up, and CBT as indicated prevention resulted in 63% less risk of being depressed at follow-up. CBT containing a combination of behavioral activation and challenging thoughts component (as part of cognitive restructuring) or the involvement of caregiver(s) in intervention were associated with better outcomes for youth on the long term. Conclusions: There is evidence that CBT is effective for youth with a (subclinical) depression. Our analyses show that effects might improve when CBT contains the components behavioral activation and challenging thoughts and also when the caregiver(s) are involved. However, the influential effects of these three moderators should be further tested in RCTs.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 31 randomized controlled trials indicates that CBT is effective for the treatment of depression and prevention of relapse in non-autistic children and adolescents (Oud et al., 2019).”
From Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy (2024) · cites this paper as Oud et al., 2019
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“There is a growing evidence base reporting on the effectiveness of CBT for the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression symptoms in AYA [11, 12].”
From Feasibility and potential efficacy of a guided internet- and mobile-based CBT for adolescents and young adults with chronic medical conditions and comorbid depression or anxiety symptoms (youthCOACHCD): a randomized controlled pilot trial (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the most well-documented and researched type of treatment for child and adolescent populations (Christ et al., 2020; James et al., 2013; Oud et al., 2019)”
From Investigating the potential of a novel internet-based cognitive behavioural intervention for Dari and Farsi speaking refugee youth: A feasibility study (2022) · cites this paper as Oud et al., 2019
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The efficacy of CBT, particularly its exposure techniques, behavioral acti vation, and cognitive restructuring components, has been well estab lished (Oud et al., 2019; Stiede et al., 2023).”
From Process of change and efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (2025) · cites this paper as Oud et al., 2019
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“CBT has been shown to be effective in adolescents, outperforming both no intervention and other talk-based therapies (61, 62).”
From Recent developments in bibliotherapy for adolescent depression (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“However, although CBT relapse rates are as low as 14 % (Levy et al., 2021), it is limited by the fact that not everyone fully benefits from this type of therapy (Heiervang et al., 2018), and the observed effect sizes are small to moderate (Oud et al., 2019).”
From Process of change and efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (2025) · cites this paper as Oud et al., 2019
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series
(2008) · doi:10.1002/9780470712184 · Cited by 25,048
GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Schünemann, H. J., Tugwell, P., & Knottnerus, A. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.011 · Cited by 3,094
How should meta‐regression analyses be undertaken and interpreted?
Thompson, S. G., & Higgins, J. P. T. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1187 · Cited by 3,026
Reprint—Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & and the PRISMA Group (2009) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/89.9.873 · Cited by 2,486
The State of US Health, 1990-2010: Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors
Murray, C. J. L. (2013) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2013.13805 · Cited by 2,438
Thapar, A., Collishaw, S., Pine, D. S., & Thapar, A. K. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60871-4 · Cited by 2,365
Meta-analysis of individual participant data: rationale, conduct, and reporting
Riley, R. D., Lambert, P. C., & Abo-Zaid, G. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c221 · Cited by 1,701
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- 2014, Review manager (RevMan) version 5.3
- Smit, 2003, Wetenschappelijke onderbouwing depressiepreventie. Epidemiologie, aangrijpingspunten, huidige praktijk, nieuwe richtingen
- StataCorp, 2011, Stata statistical software: release 12
- 10.1037/0022-006X.66.4.685 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 319
Alenezi, S., Albawardi, I. M., Aldakhilallah, A., Alnufaei, G. S., Alshabri, R., Alhamid, L., Alotaiby, A., & Alharbi, N. A. N. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.725083 · Cited by 1
Brief behavioural activation for treating depressive symptoms in children and adolescents
Felton, J. W., Anvari, M. S., Magidson, J. F., & Lejuez, C. W. (2022) · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780198867791.003.0011 · Cited by 1
Takahashi, T., Takebayashi, Y., Matsubara, K., Inaba, Y., Kawasaki, Y., & Sato, S. (2022) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-022-10326-9 · Cited by 1
“This finding supports the idea that cognitivebehavioral techniques be included in interventions to treat depression (Oud et al., 2019; Weersing et al., 2017) and that prevention programs (Werner-Seidler et al.”
BackgroundDelivering computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for child and adolescent depression and anxiety
Stallard, P. N. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91709-4.00002-0 · Cited by 1
Katmer, A. N., & Hamamcı, Z. (2023) · Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists · doi:10.17478/jegys.1240948 · Cited by 2
Grant, L., Mitchell, P. B., & Hulvershorn, L. A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42825-9_21-1 · Cited by 1
Universitāte, L., Bezborodovs, N., Bite, I., Grope, I., Helmane, I., Kronberga, Z., Laganovska, E., Nīmante, D., Raščevska, M., Tomele, G., et al. (2024) · LU Akadēmiskais apgāds eBooks · doi:10.22364/psnsk.1.24 · Cited by 3
PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS FOR MENTAL HEALTH IN AGING POPULATIONS
Alnaimat, F., Dabbah, Y. A., & AlSamhori, A. R. F. (2024) · Anti-Aging Eastern Europe · doi:10.56543/aaeeu.2024.3.2.02 · Cited by 4
Chinsen, A., Wilson, J., Tollit, M. A., Pang, K. C., Pace, C. C., & Cronin, T. J. (2024) · International Journal of Transgender Health · doi:10.1080/26895269.2024.2431835 · Cited by 1
Baweja, R. K. (2020) · International Journal of Clinical Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.12970/2310-8231.2020.08.07 · Cited by 1
Stage-specific interventions for emotion dysregulation disorders in adolescents
Ivanova, V., Celen, Z., & Piguet, C. (2021) · Swiss Archives of Neurology Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.4414/sanp.2021.03213 · Cited by 1
Cognitive behavioral therapy on personality characteristics of cancer patients
Yuan, X., Peng, J., Hu, S.-W., Yang, Y. S., & Bai, Y.-J. (2021) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v9.i31.9386 · Cited by 1
Jamal, R., & Kullar, M. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/c957d · Cited by 1
Lakshmi, P. M., Kishore, M. T., Roopesh, B. N., Jacob, P., Rusanov, D., & Hallford, D. J. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/6p873 · Cited by 1
Encouraging Student Agency Using Gamification & Game-Based Learning to Support Student Mental Health
Grant, T. (2024) · doi:10.32920/25164632.v1 · Cited by 1
Lewandowski, R. E., Jenness, J., Spiro, C., DeLonga, K., Crowe, K., Tahilani, K., Happer, K., Sullivan, P., Camacho, K., Kim, J., et al. (2023) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2022.2042870
“Further evaluation and research will be needed to improve understanding of the model’s fit with different clinical settings, patient populations and clinical presentations, and clinicians with different training backgrounds and degree of experience with CBT and other evidence-based practices.”
ResultInfluentialDélai d’action de la fluoxétine chez les enfants souffrant de dépression
Yan, T. D., & Goldman, R. D. (2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central)
Zhang, M. W., Chow, A., Vallabhajosyula, R., & Fung, D. S. S. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17114028
“Psychological therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have been the mainstay approach used in the treatment of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders [1].”
BackgroundBerg, M. (2021) · Linköping studies in behavioural science · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-173553
“In CBT for adolescent depression, the two main interventions are behavioural activation and cognitive restructuring (Oud et al., 2019).”
BackgroundThe Osteopathic Approach to Treating Depression in Children and Adolescents
Chinsky, O.-I. R., & Thomas Chan, D. (2021) · Osteopathic Family Physician · doi:10.33181/13033
Pediatric psychiatric disorders
Berg, J., Abraham, G., Robb, A. S., & Latif, F. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817962-8.00033-0
Rohmaani, K. A., & Kemala, C. N. (2021) · Psychological Research and Intervention · doi:10.21831/pri.v4i1.41245
“The iCBT intervention effectively reduces depressive symptoms experienced by adolescents, especially if it has activity components in the form of behavioral activation and cognitive restructuring (Oud et al., 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialInternet-based treatment of depression and anxiety among migrants and refugees in Sweden
Lindegaard, T. (2022) · Linköping studies in behavioural science · doi:10.3384/9789179291402
Stallard, P. N. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119396307.refs
Adolescent depression and cognitive behavior therapy: Indian aspects
Srivastava, P., Sharma, P., Mahapatra, A., & Ahuja, S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85757-4.00041-9
Wang, F., Wang, Y., Liu, R., Womer, F. Y., Yang, W., Chang, Y., Wang, L., Zhang, R., Zhu, Y., Wei, Y., et al. (2023) · doi:10.2196/preprints.47174
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Children and Adolescents
Henin, A., Kagan, E. R., Pault, M. V., & Hirshfeld‐Becker, D. R. (2023) · Current clinical psychiatry · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-29368-9_25
Bloom, P. A., Pagliaccio, D., Zhang, J., Bauer, C. C. C., Kyler, M., Greene, K. D., Treves, I. N., Morfini, F., Durham, K., Cherner, R., et al. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/v3fqx
Bauer, C. C. C., Zhang, J., Raya, J., Morfini, F., Pagliaccio, D., Yendiki, A., Auerbach, R. P., Niznikiewicz, M. A., & Whitfield, S. (2023) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0161404
Corcoran, J., & Wolk, C. B. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197653562.003.0010
Boudoukha, A. H., Denis, H., & Villemonteix, T. (2000) · HAL · doi:10.1016/s0246-1072(23)43625-5
Neuroplastic Effects of Meditation-Based Neurofeedback on the Pathological Brain
Bauer, C. C. C., Zhang, J., Niznikiewicz, M. A., Yendiki, A., Auerbach, R. P., & Whitfield, S. (2023) · International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction Workshops and Demos (ACIIW) · doi:10.1109/aciiw59127.2023.10388156
Encouraging Student Agency Using Gamification & Game-Based Learning to Support Student Mental Health
Grant, T. (2024) · doi:10.32920/25164632 · Cited by 2
Time-Series Signals of Affect and Neural Dynamics with Technology to Identify Depression Risk
Jamal, R., & Kullar, M. (2023) · Journal of Student Research · doi:10.47611/jsrhs.v12i4.5142 · Cited by 1
“Despite the efficacy of various evidence-based psychological treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (Fava et al., 1998; Oud et al., 2019) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) (Kuyken et al., 2016; Segal et al., 2018) in addressing depression and preventing recurrent…”
BackgroundÇelik, A. K. (2024) · Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi · doi:10.17066/tpdrd.1283164_6
Li, W. H. C., Gleeson, J., Fraser, M., Ciarrochi, J., Hofmann, S. G., Hayes, S. C., & Sahdra, B. K. (2024) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/9j7xv
A Study to Assess the Level of Aggression and Psychological Well-Being among Adolescents
Pratiksha, R. A. Z. (2023) · International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) · doi:10.21275/sr23401111533
Hormi, S. E., Rachidi, L., Laslami, Z., Oualidi, H. E., Nemrany, H., Benkirane, S., Sakhi, A., & Benjelloun, G. (2024) · SAS Journal of Medicine · doi:10.36347/sasjm.2024.v10i06.008
Emerging Adulthood and Depression: An Overview of Chronic Illness and Treatment
Riddle, D. B., Appenzeller, Z. S., & Storch, E. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-54281-7_17
Reminiscing Goals and Behavior as Predictors of Child Psychological Functioning
Russell, S., Herbert, J. S., & Bird, A. L. (2024) · Journal of Cognition and Development · doi:10.1080/15248372.2024.2386035
“It is possible that this reflects children over-engaging in emotional content, rather than challenging the cognitive error, as would be recommended for example as part of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Oud et al., 2019).”
Grant, L., Mitchell, P. B., & Hulvershorn, L. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51366-5_21
Nah, Y., & Ng, R. L.-E. (2024) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-024-09710-5
“Based on existing literature, it has been established through meta-analyses that CBT can be effectively applied across youth groups, including a range of ages as well as differing types or levels of need (e.g. Oud et al., 2019).”
Six, S., Schlesener, E. A., Hill, V., Babu, S. V., & Byrne, K. A. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.67330
Outpatient Behavioral Health Settings
Byrd, M. R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-71004-9_5
Nurses’ parent contact in the low-threshold services – a cross-sectional study
Steinskog, T., Bjørseth, Å., Lydersen, S., & Helland, S. S. (2024) · Sykepleien Forskning · doi:10.4220/sykepleienf.2024.96298en
Zhao, J., Liu, J., Li, Y., Chen, Y., You, X.-X., Cheng, J., & Shuid, A. N. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5277627/v1
Lui, J. H. L., Marsh, N. P., Dvorsky, M. R., Ly, D., Oddo, L. E., Garner, A. M., & Chronis-Tuscano, A. M. (2025) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2025.2457632 · Cited by 1
“Behavioral activation is also an effective treatment for depression (Oud et al., 2019; Weersing et al., 2017), which is often comorbid with ADHD (Faraone et al., 2021).”
Hetrick, S. E., Berk, M., Dean, O. M., Chanen, A., McGorry, P., Cotton, S. M., Torok, M., Catania, L. S., Davey, C. G., & Witt, K. G. (2026) · European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-026-03032-4
“Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), either alone or in combination with adjunctive pharmacotherapy, is an effec - tive first-line treatment for major depression [ 6], including for young people [7], and is recommended in clinical practice guidelines in Australia [8] and internationally [9–11].”
Predicting Post-School Outcomes in Autistic Young Adults One Year after High School Graduation
Orsmond, G. I., Krishnan, S. G., Munsell, E. G. S., Cohn, E. S., & Coster, W. J. (2025) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-025-06782-3
“…behavioral therapy (CBT) is validated as an effective, evidence-based intervention for depression in the general population of children and adolescents (Oud et al., 2019), research with autistic youth has primarily focused on CBT as an approach for anxiety (Kerns et al., 2016 ; White et al., 2018).”
宋, 雨. (2025) · Advances in Clinical Medicine · doi:10.12677/acm.2025.153876
de Bruijn, G., Jabeen, F., & Bosse, T. (2025) · doi:10.1002/9781394179909.ch13
Therapeutische Einflüsse auf die Stressbewältigung bei jungen Mädchen mit einer Depression
Läßle, R. (2025) · Kinder- und Jugendmedizin · doi:10.1055/a-2506-7519
Abin, M., Rajan, S. K., & Amaresha, A. C. (2025) · International Journal of Systemic Therapy · doi:10.1080/2692398x.2025.2526899
“Established interventions like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Keles & Idsoe, 2018; Oud et al., 2019; Riise et al., 2021; Wergeland et al., 2021), Mindfulness-Based Interventions (Mak et al., 2018; Poissant et al., 2019; Semple et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2018), and Strength-Based Interventions (Kim,…”
Bhuyan, D., Paul, I., Das, N., Boro, M., Saharan, V., & Raina, L. (2025) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.87314
“Even though CBT is carried out with youngsters, parents play a variety of roles in the process, including transporting the children to therapy, informing other family members about the child's behavioral issues, and setting up a place for the child to practice CBT skills between appointments [13].”
Adolescents under stress: Emotional neglect and detachment in a three-wave analysis
Calaresi, D., Verrastro, V., Giordano, F., & Saladino, V. (2025) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2025.113425
Jonathan, G., Sung, J. Y., Arcese, H. T., Holz, P., Bentley, K. H., Bernstein, E. E., Weingarden, H. M., Greenberg, J. L., Harrison, O., & Wilhelm, S. (2025) · doi:10.2196/preprints.84030
Remission trajectories and cognitive function in hospitalized youth with depressive episodes
Yang, J., Li, N., Zhu, X., Zhang, Z., Chang, S., Zhang, Y., Gong, H., Dong, M., Wang, H., Cai, L., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1673240
Zanjani, Z., Moqbeli, F., Omidi, A., & Arani, K. S. (2025) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs-162129 · Cited by 1
“Traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is widely used to manage distress and promote self-management in chronic conditions (11).”
Gouze, K. R., Hopkins, J., & Lavigne, J. V. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-04680-2_10
Li, J., Hou, Y., Wang, J., Hu, Z., & Qu, Z. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-025-07490-z
“Schools and psychological health services should consider integrating emotion regulation training into their programs, using interventions like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy that are known to improve emotion regulation skills [47], especially intra-ER skills.”
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Children and Young People
Turnbull, M., & Wood, M. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009090940.026
Efficacy of CBT: A Brief Outline and Review
Davies, J., Salkovskis, P., Laidlaw, K., & Beck, J. S. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009090940.004
Schäfer, S. K., Burmeister, C. F., Lottermoser, E., Schäfer, C. G., Ortolano, L. C., Stoffers‐Winterling, J., Flasinski, T., Equit, M., Schneider, S., Lieb, K., et al. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-103872
“62 Excluding these studies would therefore risk presenting an incomplete picture of the available evidence, especially for less frequently examined mental disorders.”
Malik, K., Ibrahim, M., Bernstein, A., Venkatesh, R. K., Rai, T., Chorpita, B. F., & Patel, V. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16755769
Malik, K., Ibrahim, M., Bernstein, A., Venkatesh, R. K., Rai, T., Chorpita, B. F., & Patel, V. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16755766
Emmelkamp, J., Wisman, M. A., Beuk, N., Stikkelbroek, Y. A. J., Nauta, M. H., Dekker, J., & Christ, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21340304
Self-citationMalik, K., Ibrahim, M., Bernstein, A., Venkatesh, R. K., Rai, T., Chorpita, B. F., & Patel, V. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16755772
Dippel, N., In‐Albon, T., Schneider, S., Christiansen, H., & Brakemeier, E.-L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20296267
Emmelkamp, J., Wisman, M. A., Beuk, N., Stikkelbroek, Y. A. J., Nauta, M. H., Dekker, J., & Christ, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21340307
Self-citationGeirhos, A., Domhardt, M., Lunkenheimer, F., Temming, S., Holl, R. W., Minden, K., Warschburger, P., Meissner, T., Mueller-Stierlin, A. S., & Baumeister, H. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19092514
Dippel, N., In‐Albon, T., Schneider, S., Christiansen, H., & Brakemeier, E.-L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20296264
Dippel, N., In‐Albon, T., Schneider, S., Christiansen, H., & Brakemeier, E.-L. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20296258
Malik, K., Ibrahim, M., Bernstein, A., Venkatesh, R. K., Rai, T., Chorpita, B. F., & Patel, V. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16755778
Family Roles in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Jewish Children and Adolescents
Novick, R. M. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05137-0_10
CBT and Jewish Youth: Seeking the Tikkun
Kaufman, C. C. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05137-0_4
Jonathan, G., Sung, J. Y., Arcese, H., Holz, P., Bentley, K. H., Bernstein, E. E., Weingarden, H. M., Greenberg, J. L., Harrison, O., & Wilhelm, S. (2026) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/84030
“Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is among the most effective treatments for depression, with extensive evidence supporting its ability to reduce symptom severity [10-12] and improve functioning [13] and quality of life [14].”
Legat, E., Rainer, L. J., Huber, F., Plattner, B., Kaiser, A., Schaffer, P. C., Gampe, H., & Winds, K. (2026) · Children · doi:10.3390/children13020172
de Lange, J., Telman, L. G. E., van den Heuvel, M. W. H., Vroegindeweij, A., & Bodden, D. H. M. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04252-8
“These elements are theoretically well-founded and incorporated in most CBT interventions for young people with depressive symptoms [17, 60, 61].”
Self-citationBeji, A., Hajri, M., Maatallah, N., Askri, W., Cherif, E., Abbes, Z. S., Halayem, S., & Bouden, A. (2026) · Neuropsychiatrie de l Enfance et de l Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.neurenf.2026.02.010
Velez, G. E., Peist, E. A., & Yaqub, T. M. (2026) · American Academy of PediatricsItasca, IL eBooks · doi:10.1542/9781610028493-ch15
Ye, Q., Yang, Y., Cai, W., Wen, J., & Lan, Y. (2026) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-026-09705-4
“Currently, the main treatments for adolescent depression include pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and physical therapy [6].”
Song, J., Zhao, L., Zhou, S., Wan, Q., Lv, H., & Nie, Y. (2026) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2026.153771
Dong, C., Mao, X., Hu, H., He, J., Liu, G., Chen, W. F., Zhao, C., Yang, L., Zhang, J., & Zhang, G. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04494-6
“Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy may be adopted, as they have been shown to be effective in relieving anxiety and depressive symptoms [51, 72].”
Li, Q., Mak, W. W. S., Lau, J. T. F., & Yang, X. (2026) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s593459
Hüwelmeier, M. M., Staniczek, L., Schneider, S., Zhang, X.-C., Wannemüller, A., Hirschfeld, G., Krause, K., Friedrich, S., & von Brachel, R. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04667-3
“Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has established itself as a successful psychotherapy method for a wide range of disorders in children and adolescents; its efficacy has been demonstrated in various reviews and meta-analyses [1–3].”
Chang, H., Chang, C., Lai, T.-Y., Chang, H., Liu, Y.-C., & Sack, A. T. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9536384/v1
Brief Interventions for Children and Adolescents
Muscente, K. K., Drake, G., Buk, A., Forde, M., & Chacko, A. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-29009-1.00046-9
Kan, S., Li, X., Chen, N., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000048780
“[12,16,17] In the study conducted by Matthijs O and colleagues [18] in 2019, a meta-regression analysis examined the effectiveness of CBT in treating depression among children and adolescents.”
Salie, M., van der Poll, R., & Coetzee, B. (2026) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x26100622
“Although CBT has proven its effectiveness for various MHCs both globally (Avsar and Sevim, 2022; Falahat et al ., 2022; Hiltunen et al ., 2013; Oud et al ., 2019; Salartash et al., 2022; Sanabria-Mazo et al ., 2023), as well as in South Africa (Mhlungu, 2018; Nozizwe, 2024), it remains…”
Görtz‐Dorten, A., Schindler, L., Klee, J., Wähnke, L., & Döpfner, M. (2026) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-026-09806-0
Higson‐Sweeney, N., Dunn, B. D., Marshall, N., Cooper, K., Reynolds, S. A., Goodyer, I. M., & Loades, M. E. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04942-3
“…randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have reached conclusions that are generally in favour of these treatment options [27– 29], effects of treatments are usually moderate at best ([27]: Hedges’ g = 0.21 to 0.36; [28]: standardised mean difference [SMD] = -0.41 to -0.20; [29]: SMD = -1.37 to -0.16).”
InfluentialCourse of Juvenile Depressive Disorders After Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment – A Follow-Up Study
Beer, C. S., Jörke, C. M., Kölch, M. G., Legenbauer, T., Holtmann, M. H., & Bienioschek, S. (2026) · Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1422-4917/a001086
Zhou, M., Zhu, Y., Xu, Z., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., & Liu, R. (2026) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-026-09896-w
“Con - versely, targeted interventions focused on high-risk cohorts demonstrate more robust short-term efficacy (Hetrick et al., 2016 ; Oud et al., 2019; Werner-Seidler et al., 2017 , 2021 ), though long-term stability remains questionable (Bailey et al., 2017).”
Lee, J.-E., Guo, S., Choi, S., Song, J., & Lee, M. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09633-1 · Cited by 1
“As cognitive control capacities strengthen, individuals may become increasingly capable of restructuring negative cognitions and implementing adap - tive coping strategies (Oud et al., 2019).”
Tandonnet, L., Braconnier, A., & Marcelli, D. (2026) · Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Psychiatrie · doi:10.1016/s0246-1072(26)45841-1
Lüttke, S. (2026) · Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie · doi:10.13109/prkk.2026.75.4.337
Detchaiyot, P., Vatanasin, D., Chupan, S., & Suntornvijitr, S. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.122219
Evolutionary Concepts in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Giosan, C., & Vlad, D. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-27009-2_8
South Asian youth perceptions of standard and culturally adapted cognitive behavioural therapy
Nair, R., Naeem, F., & Aitken, M. (2026) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506073.2026.2706580
Metadata
- Authors
- Oud, M., de Winter, L., Vermeulen-Smit, E., Bodden, D., Nauta, M., Stone, L., van den Heuvel, M., Taher, R. A., de Graaf, I., Kendall, T., Engels, R., & Stikkelbroek, Y.
- Affiliations
- Trimbos Institute (NL)
- Christian University of Applied Sciences (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- National Health Service (GB)
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Oud, Matthijs
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2019-01-16
- Volume
- 57
- Pages
- 33-45
- ISSN
- 0924-9338 (ISSN-L)
- 1778-3585
- OpenAlex
- W2909121890
- Cited by
- 319
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- ZonMw
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, adolescent depression, childhood depression, treatment efficacy, behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, caregiver involvement, depression prevention, treatment moderators
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Regression Analysis, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
