Chemical profile, antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic and antioxidant activity of Citrus maxima Burm. and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck essential oils and their cyclic monoterpene, DL-limonene
Abstract
The study deals with antifungal, antiaflatoxigenic and antioxidant activity of Citrus maxima and Citrus sinensis essential oils (EOs) and their phytochemical composition. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and their chemical profile was determined through GC and GC-MS analysis. Both the EOs and their 1:1 combination showed broad fungitoxic spectrum against different food contaminating moulds. The EOs and their combination completely inhibited aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) production at 500 ppm, whereas, DL-limonene, the major component of EOs showed better antiaflatoxigenic efficacy even at 250 ppm. Both the oils exhibited antioxidant activity as DPPH free radical scavenger in dose dependent manner. The IC(50) for radical scavenging efficacy of C. maxima and C. sinensis oils were to be 8.84 and 9.45 microl ml(-1), respectively. The EOs were found non-mammalian toxic showing high LD(50) for mice (oral, acute). The oils may be recommended as safe plant based antimicrobials as well as antioxidants for enhancement of shelf life of food commodities by checking their fungal infestation, aflatoxin production as well as lipid peroxidation.
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The ability of garlic bulb oil to scavenge DPPH free radical and reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ could be suggested as a possible mechanism of action for its neuroprotective potential.
“their ability to scavenge diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical that are used to evaluate the compound’s ability to act as hydrogen donors or free radical scavengers and to assess the antioxidant activity of food [92] and reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ could be suggested as the possible mechanism of action for their neuroprotective potential [86].”
From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [92]
Citrus maxima and Citrus sinensis essential oils had considerable antioxidant activities despite chemical differences.
“Citrus maxima Burm. and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck also had considerable antioxidant activities, despite the chemical differences of their essential oils.”
From Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oils: A Short Review (2010) · cites this paper as [67]
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References 24 · Cited by 329
- Authors
- Singh, P., Shukla, R., Prakash, B., Kumar, A., Singh, S., Mishra, P. K., & Dubey, N. K.
- Affiliations
- Banaras Hindu University (IN)
- Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Dubey, Nawal Kishore
- Venue
- Food and Chemical Toxicology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1734-1740
- ISSN
- 0278-6915 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1965523962
- Cited by
- 329
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 28.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food and Chemical Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Keywords
- pomelo, Citrus sinensis, essential oils, limonene, cyclic monoterpenes, antifungal activity, antiaflatoxigenic activity, aflatoxin B1, antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging, phytochemical composition, acute toxicity, plant-derived antimicrobials, food shelf life
- MeSH terms
- Limonene, Aflatoxins, Antifungal Agents, Antioxidants, Chromatography, Gas, Citrus, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Oils, Volatile, Terpenes, Cyclohexenes
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