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Cited by 266Reproductive Biology and FertilityAssisted Reproductive Technology and Twin PregnancyReproductive Health and Technologies

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Cryopreservation of human embryos and its contribution to in vitro fertilization success rates

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Wong, Kai Mee, Mastenbroek, Sebastiaan, Repping, Sjoerd·2014·Fertility and Sterility
DOI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.05.027
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Abstract

Cryopreservation of human embryos is now a routine procedure in assisted reproductive technologies laboratories. There is no consensus on the superiority of any protocol, and substantial differences exist among centers in day of embryo cryopreservation, freezing method, selection criteria for which embryos to freeze, method of embryo thawing, and endometrial preparation for transfer of frozen-thawed embryos. In the past decade, the number of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles per started in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle increased steadily, and at the same time the percentage of frozen-thawed embryo transfers that resulted in live births increased. Currently, cryopreservation of human embryos is more important than ever for the cumulative pregnancy rate after IVF. Interestingly, success rates after frozen-thawed embryo transfer are now nearing the success rates of fresh embryo transfer. This supports the hypothesis of so called freeze-all strategies in IVF, in which all embryos are frozen and no fresh transfer is conducted, to optimize success rates. High-quality randomized controlled trials should be pursued to find out which cryopreservation protocol is best and whether the time has come to completely abandon fresh transfers.

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Metadata

Authors
Wong, K. M., Mastenbroek, S., & Repping, S.
Affiliations
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
Corresponding author
Mastenbroek, Sebastiaan
ORCID
Venue
Fertility and Sterility
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-07
Volume
102
Issue
1
Pages
19-26
ISSN
0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.05.027
OpenAlex
W2049812405
Cited by
266
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 4
FWCI
3.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
Keywords
embryo cryopreservation, frozen embryo transfer, freeze-all strategy, fresh embryo transfer, embryo thawing, endometrial preparation, cumulative pregnancy rate, live birth rate
MeSH terms
Embryo, Mammalian, Embryo Transfer, Female, Fertility, Fertility Agents, Fertilization in Vitro, Humans, Infertility, Ovulation Induction, Embryo Implantation, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Cryopreservation, Treatment Outcome, Risk Assessment, Pregnancy Rate

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