The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Free radicals as triggers of brain edema formation after stroke
Open accessAbstract
Brain edema is a leading cause of death after stroke. Cytotoxic edema, which is most severe in astrocytes, begins within a few minutes of adenosine triphosphate depletion and reflects the ultimate infarct size. Vasogenic edema is caused by uncontrolled fluid leakage from the blood to the brain parenchyma through a weakened blood-brain barrier (BBB) and contributes to an actual net volume increase of the brain, which often leads to death. Recent research on ischemia-induced injury mechanisms of the microvasculature has led to the disclosure of the mechanisms and cellular pathways leading to BBB breakdown. In addition, the introduction of magnetic resonance imaging to clinical practice has enabled the evaluation of edema severity in stroke patients and differentiation between cytotoxic and vasogenic edema. Free radicals exert their deleterious actions during both cytotoxic and vasogenic edema. They can contribute to BBB disruption directly and can also trigger molecular pathways related to the dysfunction of ion transporters in the cell membrane and those related to increased vascular permeability. The development of effective therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing brain edema based on targeting specific molecular pathways involved may reduce death and disability from stroke.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
RETRACTED: Prospects for the future: the role of free radicals in the treatment of stroke
Schaller, B. J. (2004) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.10.032 · Cited by 46
RetractedAquaporin-4 deletion in mice reduces brain edema after acute water intoxication and ischemic stroke
Manley, G. T., Fujimura, M., Ma, T., Noshita, N., Filiz, F., Bollen, A. W., Chan, P., & Verkman, A. S. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/72256 · Cited by 1,507
'Malignant' Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Infarction: Clinical Course and Prognostic Signs
Hacke, W. (1996) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1996.00550040037012 · Cited by 1,352
VEGF enhances angiogenesis and promotes blood–brain barrier leakage in the ischemic brain
Zhang, Z. G., Zhang, L., Jiang, Q., Zhang, R., Davies, K., Powers, C., Bruggen, N. V., & Chopp, M. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci9369 · Cited by 1,296
Endothelial cell–cell junctions: happy together
Dejana, E. (2004) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1357 · Cited by 1,188
Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of anisotropic water diffusion in cat central nervous system.
Moseley, M. E., Cohen, Y., Kucharczyk, J., Mintorovitch, J., Asgari, H. S., Wendland, M. F., Tsuruda, J., & Norman, D. (1990) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.176.2.2367658 · Cited by 1,133
Asahi, M., Wang, X., Mori, T., Sumii, T., Jung, J.-C., Moskowitz, M. A., Fini, M. E., & Lo, E. H. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-19-07724.2001 · Cited by 1,004
S-nitrosylation of matrix metalloproteinases: signaling pathway to neuronal cell death
Gu, Z., Kaul, M., Yan, B., Kridel, S. J., Cui, J., Strongin, A., Smith, J. W., Liddington, R. C., & Lipton, S. A. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1073634 · Cited by 950
Rosenberg, G. A., Estrada, E. Y., & Dencoff, J. E. (1998) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.29.10.2189 · Cited by 861
del Zoppo, G. J., Schmid-Schönbein, G. W., Mori, E., Copeland, B. R., & Chang, C. M. (1991) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.22.10.1276 · Cited by 765
Cited by
Blood-brain barrier tight junction permeability and ischemic stroke
Sandoval, K. E., & Witt, K. A. (2008) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2008.08.005 · Cited by 964
The complexity of neurobiological processes in acute ischemic stroke
Brouns, R., & De Deyn, P. P. (2009) · Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2009.04.001 · Cited by 526
Blood–brain barrier, reperfusion injury, and hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke
Khatri, R., McKinney, A. M., Swenson, B., & Janardhan, V. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182697e70 · Cited by 478
Cytotoxic edema: mechanisms of pathological cell swelling
Liang, D., Bhatta, S., Gerzanich, V., & Simard, J. M. (2007) · Neurosurgical Focus · doi:10.3171/foc.2007.22.5.3 · Cited by 398
Ronaldson, P. T., & Davis, T. P. (2020) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x20951995 · Cited by 392
Metadata
- Authors
- Heo, J. H., Han, S. W., & Lee, S. K.
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 51-70
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2081574942
- Cited by
- 305
- References
- 85
- FWCI
- 6.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Free radicals as triggers of brain edema formation after stroke. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.03.035
- The paper
- Heo, J. H., Han, S. W., & Lee, S. K. (2005). Free radicals as triggers of brain edema formation after stroke. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.03.035
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
