Endoscopic visible light spectroscopy: a new, minimally invasive technique to diagnose chronic GI ischemia
Abstract
Background The diagnosis of chronic GI ischemia (CGI) remains a clinical challenge. Currently, there is no single simple test with high sensitivity available. Visible light spectroscopy (VLS) is a new technique that noninvasively measures mucosal oxygen saturation during endoscopy. Objective To determine the diagnostic accuracy of VLS for the detection of ischemia in a large cohort of patients. Design Prospective study, with adherence to the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy. Setting Tertiary referral center. Patients Consecutive patients referred for evaluation of possible CGI. Interventions Patients underwent VLS along with the standard workup consisting of evaluation of symptoms, GI tonometry, and abdominal CT or magnetic resonance angiography. Main outcome measurements VLS measurements and the diagnosis of CGI as established with the standard workup. Results In 16 months, 121 patients were included: 80 in a training data set and 41 patients in a validation data set. CGI was diagnosed in 89 patients (74%). VLS cutoff values were determined based on the diagnosis of CGI and applied in the validation data set, and the results were compared with the criterion standard, resulting in a sensitivity and specificity of VLS of 90% and 60%, respectively. Repeated VLS measurements showed improvement in 80% of CGI patients after successful treatment. Limitations Single-center study; only 43% of patients had repeated VLS measurements after treatment. Conclusions VLS during upper endoscopy is a promising easy-to-perform and minimally invasive technique to detect mucosal hypoxemia in patients clinically suspected of having CGI, showing excellent correlation with the established ischemia workup.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
With saturation cutoff levels for ischaemia in the antrum (63%), duodenal bulb (62%), and descending duodenum (58%), VLS had a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 60% to detect CMI.
“With saturation cutoff levels for ischaemia in the antrum (63%), duodenal bulb (62%), and descending duodenum (58%), VLS had a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 60% to detect CMI.”
Cites
Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative
Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., Lijmer, J. G., Moher, D., Rennie, D., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7379.41 · Cited by 3,215
Clinical significance of splanchnic artery stenosis
Mensink, P. B. F., van Petersen, A. S., Geelkerken, R. H., Otte, J. A., Huisman, A. B., & Kolkman, J. J. (2006) · British Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1002/bjs.5481 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationOtte, J. A., Geelkerken, R. H., Oostveen, E., Mensink, P. B. F., Huisman, A. B., & Kolkman, J. J. (2005) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s1542-3565(05)00155-2 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Editor's Choice – Management of the Diseases of Mesenteric Arteries and Veins
Björck, M., Koelemay, M., Acosta, S., Bastos Goncalves, F., Kölbel, T., Kolkman, J. J., Lees, T., Lefevre, J. H., Menyhei, G., Oderich, G., et al. (2017) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2017.01.010 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
van Wijck, K., Lenaerts, K., Grootjans, J., Wijnands, K. A. P., Poeze, M., van Loon, L. J. C., Dejong, C. H. C., & Buurman, W. A. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00066.2012 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Chronic mesenteric ischemia: Clinical practice guidelines from the Society for Vascular Surgery
Huber, T. S., Björck, M., Chandra, A., Clouse, W. D., Dalsing, M. C., Oderich, G. S., Smeds, M. R., & Murad, M. H. (2021) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2020.10.029 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
ter Steege, R. W. F., & Kolkman, J. J. (2012) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04980.x · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Koelemay, M. J., Geelkerken, R. H., Kärkkäinen, J., Leone, N., Antoniou, G. A., de Bruin, J. L., Gombert, A., Gottsätter, A., Iborra, E., Ronchey, S., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2025.06.010 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
van Dijk, L. J. D., Moons, L. M. G., van Noord, D., Moelker, A., Verhagen, H. J. M., Bruno, M. J., & Rouwet, E. V. (2018) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2017.12.038 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationHarki, J., Vergouwe, Y., Spoor, J. A., Mensink, P. B., Bruno, M. J., van Noord, D., Kuipers, E. J., & Tjwa, E. T. T. L. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000000605 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationBerge, S. T., Safi, N., Medhus, A. W., Ånonsen, K., Sundhagen, J. O., Hisdal, J., & Kazmi, S. S. H. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365513.2019.1672084 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
van Dijk, L. J., van Noord, D., Geelkerken, R. H., Harki, J., Berendsen, S. A., de Vries, A. C., Moelker, A., Vergouwe, Y., Verhagen, H. J., Kolkman, J. J., et al. (2019) · United European Gastroenterology Journal · doi:10.1177/2050640619856765 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationvan Dijk, L. J. D., Harki, J., van Noord, D., de Vries, A. C., Moelker, A., Verhagen, H. J. M., Kuipers, E. J., & Bruno, M. J. (2019) · Gastrointestinal Endoscopy · doi:10.1016/j.gie.2018.07.024 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Van Noord, D., Sana, A., Benaron, D. A., Pattynama, P. M. T., Verhagen, H. J. M., Hansen, B. E., Kuipers, E. J., & Mensink, P. B. F.
- Venue
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 291-298
- ISSN
- 0016-5107 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2024439637
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Abdominal vascular conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Keywords
- visible spectroscopy, diagnostic accuracy, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, minimally invasive diagnosis, treatment response monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Ischemia, Light, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Spectrum Analysis, Gastrointestinal Tract, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
