The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Why the numbers don’t add up: A review of estimates and predictions of people displaced by environmental changes
Open accessOverview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Gaining a better understanding about how individuals, households, and communities respond to climate variability is important to translate empirical findings into projections (Gemenne, 2011).”
From Improving the evidence base: A methodological review of the quantitative climate migration literature (2021) · cites this paper as Gemenne, 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2007) · London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) · Cited by 9,690
The Economics of Climate Change
Stern, N. H. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195399622.003.0010 · Cited by 2,703
Hansen, J., Sato, M., Ruedy, R., Lo, K., Lea, D. W., & Medina-Elizade, M. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0606291103 · Cited by 2,134
Evidence, argument, and persuasion in the policy process
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-2914 · Cited by 1,240
Evidence, Argument, and Persuasion in the Policy Process.
MacRae, D., & Majone, G. (1990) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2073498 · Cited by 1,210
Environmental refugees: a growing phenomenon of the 21st century.
Myers, N. (2002) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2001.0953 · Cited by 893
Knowledge, Policy-Oriented Learning, and Policy Change
Sabatier, P. (1987) · Science Communication · doi:10.1177/0164025987008004005 · Cited by 756
Nicholls, R. J. (2004) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2003.10.007 · Cited by 748
Sea-level rise and its possible impacts given a ‘beyond 4°C world’ in the twenty-first century
Nicholls, R. J., Marinova, N., Lowe, J. A., Brown, S. A., Vellinga, P., de Gusmão, D., Hinkel, J., & Tol, R. S. J. (2010) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0291 · Cited by 556
The Next Waves: Migration Theory for a Changing World
Zolberg, A. R. (1989) · International Migration Review · doi:10.1177/019791838902300302 · Cited by 512
Preparing for a Warmer World: Towards a Global Governance System to Protect Climate Refugees
Biermann, F., & Boas, I. (2010) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep.2010.10.1.60 · Cited by 510 · cited 2×
“Biermann and Boas (2010) also sought to predict the numbers and origins of ‘climate refugees’, recognising that ‘all current predictions are fraught with numerous methodological problems and caveats’.”
BackgroundEnvironmental Concerns and International Migration
Hugo, G. (1996) · International Migration Review · doi:10.1177/019791839603000110 · Cited by 473
Brown, O. (2008) · IOM migration research series · doi:10.18356/26de4416-en · Cited by 464
Migration and Environmental Hazards
Hunter, L. M. (2005) · Population and Environment · doi:10.1007/s11111-005-3343-x · Cited by 429
Environmental Exodus: An Emergent Crisis in the Global Arena
Kent, J., & Myers, N. (1995) · Cited by 410
Environmental Refugees in a Globally Warmed World
Myers, N. (1993) · BioScience · doi:10.2307/1312319 · Cited by 406
Environmental change and out-migration: evidence from Nepal
Massey, D. S., Axinn, W. G., & Ghimire, D. J. (2010) · Population and Environment · doi:10.1007/s11111-010-0119-8 · Cited by 353
Environmental Refugees? Classifying Human Migrations Caused by Environmental Change
Bates, D. C. (2002) · Population and Environment · doi:10.1023/a:1015186001919 · Cited by 343
Environmental Refugees: a Yardstick of Habitability
Jacobson, J. L. (1988) · Bulletin of Science Technology & Society · doi:10.1177/027046768800800304 · Cited by 298
Rahmstorf, S. (2010) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/climate.2010.29 · Cited by 286
Gartland, K. (1995) · Australian Journal of Emergency Management · Cited by 282
Damned Lies and Statistics: Untangling Numbers from the Media, Politicians, and Activists
Kroll‐Smith, S., & Best, J. (2002) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3089134 · Cited by 245
Linking climate change, environmental degradation, and migration: a methodological overview
Piguet, É. (2010) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.54 · Cited by 231
Societies, R. C. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 225
Kniveton, D. R., Schmidt, K., Smith, C., & Black, R. (2008) · IOM migration research series · doi:10.18356/6233a4b6-en · Cited by 214
Environmental refugees: myth or reality?
Black, R. (2001) · SOAS Research Online (SOAS University of London) · Cited by 205
EHPnet: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
Dooley, E. E. (2002) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.110-a77 · Cited by 204
Environmental Degradation and Population Flows
Suhrke, A. (1994) · Journal of international affairs · Cited by 200
Henry, S. J. F., Boyle, P., & Lambin, É. F. (2003) · Applied Geography · doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2002.08.001 · Cited by 194
The Next Waves: Migration Theory for a Changing World
Zolberg, A. R. (1989) · International Migration Review · doi:10.2307/2546422 · Cited by 194
Myers, N. (1997) · Population and Environment · doi:10.1023/a:1024623431924 · Cited by 194
When could global warming reach 4°C?
Betts, R., Collins, M. D., Hemming, D. L., JONES, C. D., Lowe, J. A., & Sanderson, M. G. (2010) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0292 · Cited by 181
Human tide: the real migration crisis.
Baird, R. G., Migiro, K., Nutt, D., Kwatra, A., Wilson, S., Melby, J. F., Pendleton, A., Rodgers, M., & Davison, J. (2007) · Cited by 175
Best, J. (2012) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520953512 · Cited by 172
Control, adapt or flee: how to face environmental migration?
Renaud, F. G., Bogárdi, J. J., Dun, O., & Warner, K. (2007) · UNU Collections (United Nations University) · Cited by 170
Environmental Refugees: A Growing Category of Displaced Persons
Westing, A. H. (1992) · Environmental Conservation · doi:10.1017/s037689290003099x · Cited by 147
Defining 'environmental migration'
Dun, O., & Gemenne, F. (2008) · Research Online (University of Wollongong) · Cited by 126
Robbins, P. (2007) · Encyclopedia of Environment and Society · doi:10.4135/9781412953924.n364 · Cited by 115
Climate-induced population displacements in a 4 ° C+ world
Gemenne, F. (2010) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0287 · Cited by 100
"Who has counted the refugees?" UNHCR and the politics of numbers
Crisp, J. (2000) · Cited by 92
Descriptive Analysis of the Individual Migratory Pathways According to Environmental Typologies
Henry, S. J. F., Piché, V., Ouédraogo, D., & Lambin, É. F. (2004) · Population and Environment · doi:10.1023/b:poen.0000036929.19001.a4 · Cited by 70
The Impact of Environmental Degradation on Migration Flows across Countries
Afifi, T., & Warner, K. (2008) · UNU Collections (United Nations University) · Cited by 47
AIBS News: Our biological heritage under siege
Tolba, M. K. (1989) · BioScience · doi:10.1093/bioscience/39.10.725 · Cited by 25
displacement-due-to-natural-hazardinduced-disasters-global-estimates-for-2009-and-2010
(2016) · Human Rights Documents online · doi:10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-9806-0031 · Cited by 21
Kniveton, D. R., Schmidt, K., Smith, C. D., & Black, R. (2008) · IOM migration research series · doi:10.18356/7b12d19b-en · Cited by 15
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Boano, C., Zetter, R., et al., 2008. Environmentally displaced people: understanding the linkages between environmental change, livelihoods and forced migration. Forced Migration Policy Briefing. Refugee Studies Centre, Oxford.
- Henry, 2003, Modelling the influence of the natural environment on inter-provincial migration in Burkina Faso, West Africa, Applied Geography, 23
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The effect of environmental change on human migration
Black, R., Adger, W. N., Arnell, N. W., Dercon, S., Geddes, A., & Thomas, D. (2011) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.10.001 · Cited by 1,279
Climate change impacts in Sub-Saharan Africa: from physical changes to their social repercussions
Serdeczny, O., Adams, S., Baarsch, F., Coumou, D., Robinson, A., Hare, W., Schaeffer, M., Perrette, M., & Reinhardt, J. (2017) · Regional Environmental Change · doi:10.1007/s10113-015-0910-2 · Cited by 1,037
“Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to be particularly affected by migration associated with climate change-related drivers, including sea-level rise and declining or disrupted availability of resources due to shifts in climatic conditions or extreme weather events (Gemenne 2011).”
BackgroundNatural disasters and population mobility in Bangladesh
Gray, C. L., & Mueller, V. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1115944109 · Cited by 687
“As this view has spread to become a common element of discussions about climate change impacts (7, 8), it has increasingly diverged from scientific understandings of both migration and adaptive capacity.”
BackgroundAfrican migration: trends, patterns, drivers
Flahaux, M., & de Haas, H. (2016) · Comparative Migration Studies · doi:10.1186/s40878-015-0015-6 · Cited by 517
“See also Gemenne (2011).”
Preparing for a Warmer World: Towards a Global Governance System to Protect Climate Refugees
Biermann, F., & Boas, I. (2010) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep.2010.10.1.60 · Cited by 510
Metadata
- Authors
- Gemenne, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Liège (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Gemenne, François
- ORCID
- Gemenne, François
- Venue
- Global Environmental Change
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-12
- Volume
- 21
- Pages
- S41-S49
- ISSN
- 0959-3780 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2107781240
- Cited by
- 340
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 50.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Global Environmental Change (publishedVersion)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Hydropower, Displacement, Environmental Impact
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Climate Change Communication and Perception
- Keywords
- environmental migration, climate-induced displacement, displacement prediction, estimation methods, media coverage of migration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review