The resilience of Amazon tree cover to past and present drying
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Past drought periods also coincided with cooler temperatures, which probably reduced water demand by trees.
“However, these periods also coincided with cooler temperatures20,21, which probably reduced water demand by trees30.”
From Critical transitions in the Amazon forest system (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
Citation 30 is attached to the suggestion that cooler temperatures reduced trees’ water demand; the preceding citations support the timing of cooler temperatures. The Introduction discusses mid-Holocene drying and tree-cover resilience, but the passages retrieved for cooler temperatures, water demand, and evapotranspiration do not address that proposed effect. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDuring the Last Glacial Maximum and mid-Holocene, forests persisted even when humans were already present in the landscape.
“More recently, during the drier and cooler conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum20 (LGM) (around 21,000 years ago) and of the mid-Holocene epoch21 (around 6,000 years ago), forests persisted even when humans were already present in the landscape22.”
From Critical transitions in the Amazon forest system (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
The Introduction (p. 2) says the paper examines central and western Amazon tree cover under drier mid-Holocene conditions, but the passages available do not establish that forests persisted while humans were present. Searches for human presence, anthropogenic activity, forest persistence, and the Last Glacial Maximum found no passage addressing that conjunction. (LLM, conf=0.70)
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Cites
The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire
Bond, W. J., Woodward, F. I., & Midgley, G. F. (2005) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01252.x · Cited by 1,942 · see citing works
What Limits Trees in C<sub>4</sub> Grasslands and Savannas?
Bond, W. J. (2008) · Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.39.110707.173411 · Cited by 909 · see citing works
Nepstad, D. C., Stickler, C. M., Filho, B. S., & Merry, F. (2008) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.0036 · Cited by 725 · see citing works
Power, M. J., Marlon, J., Ortiz, N., Bartlein, P. J., Harrison, S. P., Mayle, F. E., Ballouche, A., Bradshaw, R. H. W., Carcaillet, C., Cordova, C., et al. (2008) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0334-x · Cited by 717 · see citing works
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Exceeding 1.5°C global warming could trigger multiple climate tipping points
Armstrong McKay, D. I., Staal, A., Abrams, J. F., Winkelmann, R., Sakschewski, B., Loriani, S., Fetzer, I., Cornell, S. E., Rockström, J., & Lenton, T. M. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abn7950 · Cited by 1,931 · see citing works
Critical transitions in the Amazon forest system
Flores, B. M., Montoya, E., Sakschewski, B., Nascimento, N., Staal, A., Betts, R. A., Levis, C., Lapola, D. M., Esquível-Muelbert, A., Jakovac, C., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06970-0 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kukla, T., Ahlström, A., Maezumi, S. Y., Chevalier, M., Lu, Z., Winnick, M. J., & Chamberlain, C. P.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- University of Bonn (DE)
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kukla, Tyler
- Venue
- Global and Planetary Change
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 202
- Pages
- 103520
- ISSN
- 0921-8181 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3162199618
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 2.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 328 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Global and Planetary Change (acceptedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Keywords
- aridification, drought resilience, vegetation-climate feedback, mid-Holocene, fire, deforestation, grassland encroachment, pollen, charcoal, speleothem oxygen isotopes, LPJ-GUESS, future precipitation projections, anthropogenic land use
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