Complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot in infancy
Open accessAbstract
We reviewed our long-term results of complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in infant. One hundred and sixty infants diagnosed as TOF underwent complete repair between January 1990 and April 2002. Mean age at the operation was 8.1+/-2.6 months. Correction was accomplished through a short right ventriculotomy of less than 30% of the ventricular height in all patients. A transannular patch was used in 78 patients (49%). There were four early deaths and no late death. Follow-up was complete in all survivors. All patients are currently in New York Heart Association functional class I or II. Actuarial freedom from reoperation at 1 and 10 years were 94.0 and 87.5%, respectively. Echocardiographic studies at follow-up showed excellent right ventricular function in most patients. Our results suggest that early complete repair of TOF yielded acceptable results with low mortality and morbidity. Transventricular repair of intracardiac pathology can be safely applied to yield good postoperative right ventricular function.
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One-stage total correction is considered the gold standard for TOF, with elective repair typically performed within the first year of life.
“Currently, one-stage total correction is considered the gold standard, aiming to relieve right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, close the ventricular septal defect, and preserve pulmonary valve function, with elective repair typically performed within the first year of life [3, 4].”
From Management of tetralogy of fallot in developing countries: opportunities and challenges for surgeons (2026) · cites this paper as [3]
The Introduction calls one-stage total repair the ideal surgical choice for symptomatic TOF and describes repair before age one, including relief of outflow obstruction, VSD closure, and preservation of pulmonary-valve competence. The Patient profiles section reports repairs at 3–12 months in this symptomatic cohort. It does not establish one-stage repair as the gold standard for all TOF or say that elective repair is typically performed within the first year; the Comment says optimal timing remains unresolved. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Cites
Late results in patients with tetralogy of Fallot repaired during infancy.
Walsh, E. P., Rockenmacher, S., Keane, J. F., Hougen, T. J., Lock, J. E., & Castañeda, A. R. (1988) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.77.5.1062 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Routine Primary Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in Neonates and Infants Less Than Three Months of Age
Reddy, V. M., Liddicoat, J. R., McElhinney, D. B., Brook, M. M., Stanger, P., & Hanley, F. L. (1995) · The Annals of Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1016/0003-4975(95)00732-6 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Intermediate results after complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot in neonates
Hennein, H. A., Mosca, R. S., Urcelay, G., Crowley, D. C., & Bove, E. L. (1995) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(95)70395-0 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Dietl, C. A., Cazzaniga, M. E., Dubner, S., Baliño, N. A. P., Torres, A. R., & Favaloro, R. G. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in Infancy
Castañeda, A. R., Jonas, R. A., Mayer, J. E., Lang, P., & Freed, M. D. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8598-1_131 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Surgery for tetralogy of Fallot at less than six months of age
Sousa‐Uva, M., Lacour-Gayet, F. G., Komiya, T., Serraf, A. E., Bruniaux, J., Touchot, A., Roux, D., Petit, J., & Planché, C. (1994) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(12)70161-7 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Transatrial-transpulmonary repair of tetralogy of Fallot
Pacifico, A. D., Sand, M. E., Bargeron, L. M., & Colvin, E. C. (1987) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(19)37053-9 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Early Primary Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
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Early Primary Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot
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Surgical management of tetralogy of fallot in the first year of life
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Management of tetralogy of fallot in developing countries: opportunities and challenges for surgeons
Ambarsari, Y. A., Kurnia, Y., Aribowo, H., Amal, I., & Susantya, D. P. (2026) · Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery · doi:10.1186/s13019-026-04290-8
“Currently, one-stage total correction is considered the gold standard, aiming to relieve right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, close the ventricular septal defect, and preserve pulmonary valve function, with elective repair typically performed within the first year of life [3, 4].”
Khan, M. S., Jan, A., Ahmed, H., Khan, M., Khan, A. D., Shakil, R., Khan, B., Aman, Z., Ali, W. S., & Mahmood, A. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.41467 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Discussion Since its introduction in the 1950s, the result of comprehensive correction of TOF has improved dramatically [11], One-stage total repair surgery is the ideal surgical treatment used to treat symptomatic TOF, ensuring that sinus rhythm is maintained, that there is no longer any obstruction in the RVOT, that…”
Background
- Authors
- LEE, J.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- LEE, J
- ORCID
- LEE, J
- Venue
- Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 470-474
- ISSN
- 1569-9285 (ISSN-L)
- 1569-9293
- OpenAlex
- W2028818618
- Semantic Scholar
- 7739b6a17d9dfb75ab33384dfb87b7b150dae439
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiovascular Conditions and Treatments
- Keywords
- tetralogy of Fallot, complete repair, infant cardiac surgery, right ventriculotomy, transannular patch, right ventricular function, reoperation, long-term outcomes, postoperative mortality
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