The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) with heterologous poly-γ-glutamic acid has skin moisturizing, whitening and anti-wrinkle effects
Abstract
Three genes involved in poly-γ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA)synthesis cloned from Bacillus licheniformis were transformed into cucumber for the first time. Compared with control, its water content increased by 6-14 % and water loss rate decreased by 11-12 %. In zebrafish and human skin experiments, the moisturizing effect of transgenic cucumber was significantly higher than that of CK, γ-PGA and hyaluronic acid group. Transgenic cucumber reduced facial wrinkles and roughness by 19.58 % and 24.97 %, reduced skin melanin content by 5.27 %, increased skin topological angle and L-value by 5.89 % and 2.49 %, and increased the R2 and Q1 values of facial elasticity by 7.67 % and 5.64 %, respectively. The expressions of aqp3, Tyr, silv and OCA2 were down-regulated, eln1, eln2, col1a1a and col1a1b were up-regulated in zebrafish after treated with transgenic cucumber. This study provides an important reference for the endogenous synthesis of important skin care functional molecules in plants.
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Cucumber with poly-γ-glutamic acid showed promising effects on skin hydration, whitening, and anti-wrinkle properties.
“While the results of the study showed promising effects of cucumber with poly‐γ‐glutamic acid on skin hydration, whitening, and anti‐wrinkle properties”
From Cosmeceuticals in photoaging: A review. (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
The Li et al. 29 study falls under Level IV evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.
“Based on the level of evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine, this study would fall under Level IV evidence”
From Cosmeceuticals in photoaging: A review. (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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“In conclusion, while the study by Li et al. 29 suggests potential benefits of cucumber with poly-γ -glutamic acid for skincare, more research is needed to confirm these findings and determine the optimal use of this treatment in clinical practice.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Li, C., Ma, H., Li, P., Zhang, S., Xu, J., Wang, L., Sheng, W., Xu, T., Shen, L., Wang, W., & Xia, T.
- Affiliations
- Qilu University of Technology (CN)
- Huazhong Agricultural University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Xia, Tao
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-03
- Volume
- 262
- Issue
- Pt 1
- Pages
- 130026
- ISSN
- 0141-8130 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4391605735
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6
- FWCI
- 2.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Qilu University of Technology
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Keywords
- poly-γ-glutamic acid, transgenic cucumber, Bacillus licheniformis, skin hydration, skin lightening, anti-wrinkle effect, water loss rate, skin elasticity, melanin content, skin roughness, tyrosinase, OCA2, collagen expression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Polyglutamic Acid, Water, Zebrafish, Cucumis sativus, Glutamic Acid, Membrane Transport Proteins, Zebrafish Proteins
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