Low-frequency Exercise and Vitamin D Supplementation Reduce Falls Among Institutionalized Frail Elderly
Open accessAbstract
Background Falls are a serious problem among frail elderly and their prevention is an important health concern. We compared the frequency of falls among institutionalized frail elderly residents following different interventions: low-frequency exercise, vitamin D supplementation, and a combination of both. Methods Participants (N = 91) were residents in an institution for frail elderly (84.8 ± 8.8 years of age, 69 women). Participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) the control group (n = 23) was provided three sessions per week of individualized exercise and usual care, (2) the low-exercise group (n = 22) was provided two sessions of individualized exercise per week, (3) the nutrition group (n = 23) was given oral vitamin D (900 IU/day), and (4) the combined group (n = 23) performed low-level exercise and received vitamin D supplementation. Results A two-way analysis of variance including interactions between experimental group and time indicated a clear benefit in the groups that received supplementation with vitamin D. A Cox proportional-hazard regression analysis, adjusted for sex and age, showed that compared to the control group, the combined group had a reduced risk of falls (hazard ratio: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.08–0.92, P < 0.05). The other groups did not significantly differ from controls. Conclusion The intervention combining low-frequency exercise and vitamin D supplementation was effective for the reduction of falls among institutionalized frail elderly individuals.
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Some of the included RCTs had participants with impaired cognition.
“some of the included RCTs had participants with impaired cognition [26,41,42,53]”
From Effects of Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise Intervention on Frailty Indices, Body Composition, and Physical Function in Frail Older Adults (2018) · cites this paper as [53]
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- Authors
- Imaoka, M., Higuchi, Y., Todo, E., Kitagwa, T., & Ueda, T.
- Affiliations
- Osaka Prefecture University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Imaoka, Masakazu
- Venue
- International journal of gerontology
- Publisher
- Airiti Press, Inc.
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 202-206
- ISSN
- 1873-958X (ISSN-L)
- 1873-9598
- OpenAlex
- W2554908997
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 8.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International journal of gerontology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Keywords
- falls, fall prevention, frail elderly, institutionalized elderly, vitamin D supplementation, exercise frequency, nursing home residents
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