The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The evidence for emergency obstetric care
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: We searched for evidence for the effectiveness of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) interventions in reducing maternal mortality primarily in developing countries. Methods: We reviewed population‐based studies with maternal mortality as the outcome variable and ranked them according to the system for ranking the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations developed by the US Preventive Services Task Force. A systematic search of published literature was conducted for this review, including searches of Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Database and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. Results: The strength of the evidence is high in several studies with a design that places them in the second and third tier in the quality of evidence ranking system. No studies were found that are experimental in design that would give them a top ranking, due to the measurement challenges associated with maternal mortality, although many of the specific individual clinical interventions that comprise EmOC have been evaluated through experimental design. There is strong evidence based on studies, using quasi‐experimental, observational and ecological designs, to support the contention that EmOC must be a critical component of any program to reduce maternal mortality.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
3 retracted
Active versus expectant management in the third stage of labour
Prendiville, W. J., Elbourne, D., & McDonald, S. J. (2000) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000007 · Cited by 496
RetractedVacuum extraction versus forceps for assisted vaginal delivery
Johanson, R., & Menon, V. (1999) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000224 · Cited by 273
RetractedAntibiotic prophylaxis regimens and drugs for cesarean section
Hopkins, L., & Smaill, F. (1999) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001136 · Cited by 126
RetractedCurrent methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Harris, R. P., Helfand, M., Woolf, S. H., Lohr, K. N., Mulrow, C. D., Teutsch, S. M., & Atkins, D. (2001) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00261-6 · Cited by 1,731
Ackerman, E. B., & McKeown, T. (1977) · The American Historical Review · doi:10.2307/1856376 · Cited by 1,098
Evidence-Based Public Health: Moving Beyond Randomized Trials
Victora, C. G., Habicht, J.-P., & Bryce, J. (2004) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.94.3.400 · Cited by 1,056
Guide to Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth
Enkin, M., Keirse, M., Neilson, J., Crowther, C., Duley, L., Hodnett, E., & Hofmeyr, J. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780192631732.001.0001 · Cited by 909
Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Ventura, S. J., Menacker, F., & Park, M. M. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 892
Which anticonvulsant for women with eclampsia? Evidence from the Collaborative Eclampsia Trial
The Eclampsia Trial Collaborative Group (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91034-4 · Cited by 831
Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: a randomised community trial
Wawer, M. J., Sewankambo, N. K., Serwadda, D., Quinn, T. C., Kiwanuka, N., Li, C., Lutalo, T., Nalugoda, F., Gaydos, C. A., Moulton, L. H., et al. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)06439-3 · Cited by 787
Cited by
Strategies for reducing maternal mortality: getting on with what works
Campbell, O. M., & Graham, W. J. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69381-1 · Cited by 1,785
Bohren, M. A., Hunter, E. C., Munthe-Kaas, H. M., Souza, J. P., Vogel, J. P., & Gülmezoglu, A. M. (2014) · Reproductive Health · doi:10.1186/1742-4755-11-71 · Cited by 823
“Evidenc e-based clinical and preventative interventions aimed at reducing maternal and neonat al morbidity and mortality are well documented [2-5].”
BackgroundLund, S., Hemed, M., Nielsen, B., Said, A., Said, K., Makungu, M., & Rasch, V (2012) · BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03413.x · Cited by 228
Stillbirths: the vision for 2020
Goldenberg, R. L., McClure, E. M., Bhutta, Z. A., Belizán, J. M., Reddy, U. M., Rubens, C. E., Mabeya, H., Flenady, V., & Darmstadt, G. L. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)62235-0 · Cited by 182
Otolorin, E., Gomez, P., Currie, S., Thapa, K., & Dao, B. (2015) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.03.007 · Cited by 155
Metadata
- Authors
- Paxton, A., Maine, D., Freedman, L., Fry, D., & Lobis, S.
- Venue
- International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-01-08
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 181-193
- ISSN
- 0020-6695 (ISSN-L)
- 0020-7292
- 1879-3479
- OpenAlex
- W2171368429
- Cited by
- 426
- References
- 50
- FWCI
- 11.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The evidence for emergency obstetric care. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.11.026
- The paper
- Paxton, A., Maine, D., Freedman, L., Fry, D., & Lobis, S. (2005). The evidence for emergency obstetric care. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.11.026
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
