The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Route to zero emission shipping: Hydrogen, ammonia or methanol?
Abstract
Abstract To achieve climate change targets, new ship orders should be capable of delivering zero emission propulsion from 2025. The pathway towards this is unclear and requires significant investment. This study analyses the engineering considerations of the storage of alternative fuels on board large scale international vessels, with a particular focus on ammonia, hydrogen and methanol. Analysis of raw shipping data shows the maximum expected propulsion demand per voyage was 9270 MWh. The volume and mass requirements for alternative fuels to deliver this are projected and compared to three further methods for estimating fuel storage considering: storage infrastructure; desired design range; both. This shows that a reduction of fuel storage quantities to closer to actual expected usage results in more realistic storage requirements. Also, hydrogen has a perceived low volumetric energy density, however the calculated volume required (6500 m3 for liquid storage) is not sufficiently high to be considered inviable.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Buttler, A., & Spliethoff, H. (2018) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.09.003 · Cited by 2,510
Carbon capture and storage update
Boot-Handford, M. E., Abanades, J. C., Anthony, E. J., Blunt, M. J., Brandani, S., Mac Dowell, N., Fernández, J. R., Ferrari, M.-C., Gross, R., Hallett, J. P., et al. (2014) · Energy Environ. Sci. · doi:10.1039/c3ee42350f · Cited by 2,386
Materials for hydrogen storage
Züttel, A. (2003) · Materials Today · doi:10.1016/s1369-7021(03)00922-2 · Cited by 2,216
Hydrogen as an energy carrier: Prospects and challenges
Mazloomi, K., & Gomes, C. (2012) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.028 · Cited by 1,736
Hydrogen the fuel for 21st century
Jain, I. P. (2009) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.05.093 · Cited by 1,104
Cited by
Insight on Reaction Pathways of Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion
Wang, Y., Chen, E., & Tang, J. (2022) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.2c01012 · Cited by 566
Incentive structures for power-to-X and e-fuel pathways for transport in EU and member states
Skov, I. R., & Schneider, N. (2022) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113121 · Cited by 68
Metadata
- Authors
- McKinlay, C. J., Turnock, S. R., & Hudson, D. A.
- Venue
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-08
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 55
- Pages
- 28282-28297
- ISSN
- 0360-3199 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3177261387
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 13.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Route to zero emission shipping: Hydrogen, ammonia or methanol? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.06.066
- The paper
- McKinlay, C. J., Turnock, S. R., & Hudson, D. A. (2021). Route to zero emission shipping: Hydrogen, ammonia or methanol? International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.06.066
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.