Exploring new graduate nurse confidence in interprofessional collaboration: A mixed methods study
Abstract
Background Confidence is required for effective engagement in interprofessional collaboration. New graduate nurses often lack confidence in interprofessional interactions, and this may compromise the delivery of safe and effective healthcare. Objectives The overall objective of this study was to explore new graduate nurse confidence in interprofessional collaboration. Design An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used. Methods New graduate nurses from Ontario, Canada (N=514) completed a cross-sectional descriptive survey in 2012. The survey measured perceived confidence in interprofessional collaboration, and it included items that were proposed to have a relationship with new graduate nurse confidence in interprofessional collaboration. Follow-up qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with 16 new graduate nurses. Results The quantitative findings suggested that several factors have a positive relationship with new graduate nurse confidence in interprofessional collaboration: availability and accessibility of manager, availability and accessibility of educator, number of different disciplines worked with daily, number of team strategies, and satisfaction with team. The qualitative phase supported the quantitative findings and also provided new information about factors that facilitated and challenged new graduate nurse confidence when engaging in interprofessional collaboration. The facilitators were: experience, knowledge, respect, supportive relationships, and opportunities to collaborate. Challenges included: lack of experience, lack of knowledge, communication challenges, and balancing practice expectations. The overall findings relate to team and organizational support, and new graduate nurse development. Conclusion Interventions that provide support for interprofessional collaboration at the team and organizational levels, and develop new graduate nurse knowledge and experiences regarding collaborative practice, are essential for enhancing new graduate nurse confidence in interprofessional collaboration.
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Four of the studies were mixed-methods.
“Four of the studies were mixed-methods (Espinoza et al. 2018;Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014;Verbeek et al. 2024).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014
Four of the studies were mixed-methods.
“Four of the studies were mixed-methods (Espinoza et al. 2018;Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014;Verbeek et al. 2024).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Managers' sub-practice of supporting employees included support for decision making and consulting.
“decision making and consulting (Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Managers' sub-practice of supporting employees included support for personal development.
“The sub-practice of supporting employees included support for personal development (Aagaard et al. 2020;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Proximity and accessibility to the manager predicted new graduate nurses' engagement in IPC.
“and predicted their engagement in IPC (Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Proximity and accessibility to the manager enhanced confidence in IPC among new graduate nurses.
“Proximity and accessibility to the manager enhanced confidence in IPC among new graduate nurses (Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014
Managers' sub-practice of supporting employees included support for interprofessional conflicts.
“and interprofessional conflicts (Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014
Managers' sub-practice of acting as an exemplar was realised by providing concrete examples of behaviour.
“providing concrete examples of behaviour (Costa et al. 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014)”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Managers promoted positive team relationships.
“Managers helped employees find solutions through enabling questions (Dickson et al. 2020) and promoted positive team relationships (Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Studies emphasising managers' physical presence were addressing collaboration from the viewpoints of newly graduated nurses or interprofessional conflicts.
“It is noteworthy that studies emphasising managers' physical presence were addressing collaboration from the viewpoints of newly graduated nurses (Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014) or interprofessional conflicts (St-Pierre 2012).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Studies emphasising managers' physical presence were addressing collaboration from the viewpoints of newly graduated nurses or interprofessional conflicts.
“It is noteworthy that studies emphasising managers' physical presence were addressing collaboration from the viewpoints of newly graduated nurses (Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014) or interprofessional conflicts (St-Pierre 2012).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014
Some of the studies used a secondary analysis of previously collected data, and the same data-sets were used in two original articles included in this review.
“Some of the studies used a secondary analysis of previously collected data, and the same data-sets were used in two original articles included in this review (Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014
Some of the studies used a secondary analysis of previously collected data, and the same data-sets were used in two original articles included in this review.
“Some of the studies used a secondary analysis of previously collected data, and the same data-sets were used in two original articles included in this review (Pfaff, Baxter, Jack, and Ploeg 2014;Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014).”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Promoting positive team relations enhances interprofessional collaboration.
“Promoting positive team relations”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Rolemodelling collaborative behaviours enhances interprofessional collaboration.
“Rolemodelling collaborative behaviours”
From Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review (2026) · cites this paper as Pfaff, Baxter, Ploeg, and Jack 2014
Cites
Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes
Ivers, N., Jamtvedt, G., Flottorp, S., Young, J. M., Odgaard-Jensen, J., French, S. D., O'Brien, M. A., Johansen, M., Grimshaw, J., & Oxman, A. D. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000259.pub3 · Cited by 5,485 · see citing works
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Leadership of Nurses' Interprofessional Collaboration: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review
Kamppila, H., Czabanowska, K., Kämäräinen, P., Younas, A., & Kvist, T. (2026) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.70543 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pfaff, K. A., Baxter, P. E., Jack, S. M., & Ploeg, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Windsor (CA)
- McMaster University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Pfaff, Kathryn A.
- Venue
- International Journal of Nursing Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1142-1152
- ISSN
- 0020-7489 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2008321319
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 16.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Nursing Studies (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Interprofessional Education and Collaboration
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Leadership and Management › Healthcare Education and Workforce Issues
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing education and management
- Keywords
- new nurses, interprofessional collaboration, nurse confidence, interprofessional education, team-based care, organizational support, team satisfaction, communication difficulties
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cooperative Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Interprofessional Relations, Male, Nursing Staff, Ontario
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