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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of hospital staff: An umbrella review of 44 meta-analyses
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Hospital staff is at high risk of developing mental health issues during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the literature lacks an overall and inclusive picture of mental health problems with comprehensive analysis among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain the prevalence of anxiety, depression and other mental health outcomes as reported in original articles among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: A PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE 2000 compliant umbrella review of published meta-analyses of observational studies evaluating the prevalence of mental health problems in hospital staff during the pandemic. REVIEW METHODS: index was employed to assess between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias using Egger test and LFK index was examined. Data was analyzed using STATA 17.0 software. AMSTAR-2 was applied for the quality assessment of systematic reviews, while we used GRADE to rate the quality of evidence. RESULTS: Forty-four meta-analyses from 1298 individual studies were included in the final analysis, encompassing the prevalence of 16 mental health symptoms. One-third of hospital workers reported anxiety (Prevalence: 29.9%, 95% CI:27.1% to 32.7%) and depression (Prevalence: 28.4%, 95% CI:25.5% to 31.3%) symptomatology, while about 40% (95% CI: 36.9% to 42.0%) suffered from sleeping disorders. Fear-related symptoms, reduced well-being, poor quality of life, and acute stress symptoms had the highest prevalence among hospital staff. However, the quality of evidence in these areas varied from low to very low. Nurses suffered more often from sleep problems and symptoms of anxiety and depression than doctors, whereas doctors reported a higher prevalence of acute stress and post-traumatic disorders. The burden of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders was higher among female employees than their male counterparts. Remarkably, acute stress and insomnia affected more than half of first-line medical staff. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of mental health problems among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic is generally high, with anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms representing the most robust evidence based on a large dataset of prevalence meta-analyses. However, there is no strong confidence in the body of evidence for each outcome assessed. REGISTRATION: Not registered. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic is having a major impact on the mental health of hospital staff. The need for support must be different for nurses and doctors @eldi12345.
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“Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses were faced with a variety of challenges, including a dramatic increase in workload and shift frequency, physical strain, high risk of infection, and a shortage of health care workers, all of which contributed to more severe anxiety and depression symptoms [2].”
From Effects and Mechanisms of a Web- and Mobile-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention for Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Nurses: Fully Decentralized Randomized Controlled Trial. (2023) · cites this paper as [2]
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“A meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was 31.93% and 32.59%, respectively [2]”
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“A meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was 31.93% and 32.59%, respectively [2]”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
A hidden pandemic? An umbrella review of global evidence on mental health in the time of COVID-19
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“In addition to a potential reduction in work performance, these factors can be associated with anxiety and depression symptoms [12,13] with deterioration of psychological well-being [11,14].”
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“A meta-analysis about the impact of the COVID-19 on mental health of medical staff found the depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms representing the most robust evidence based on a large dataset of prevalence meta-analyses (20).”
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“…during the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses were faced with a variety of challenges, including a dramatic increase in workload and shift frequency, physical strain, high risk of infection, and a shortage of health care workers, all of which contributed to more severe anxiety and depression symptoms [2].”
InfluentialJob satisfaction and work stress among physicians in Norway and Germany—A cross-sectional study
Voltmer, E., Rosta, J., Köslich-Strumann, S., & Goetz, K. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296703 · Cited by 24
“A great number of studies have shown the additional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physicians’ job satisfaction, wellbeing, and burnout [for review see 60, 61].”
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“It was shown that the prevalence rates of anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia and sleep disturbances were higher in nurses than in physicians, while the physicians’ group showed higher prevalence rates regarding stress as well as symptoms of post-traumatic stress [27].”
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“Several studies on the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers’ mental health (Moitra et al., 2021; Saragih et al., 2021; Sun et al., 2021; Dragioti et al., 2022) found a high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, depressive and anxious symptoms, sleep disorders, psychological distress, and burnout syndrome.”
BackgroundSleep During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Papagiouvanni, I., Kotoulas, S., Vettas, C., Sourla, E., & Pataka, A. (2022) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-022-01371-y · Cited by 24
Mental wellbeing of frontline health workers post-pandemic: lessons learned and a way forward
Grünheid, T., & Hazem, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1204662 · Cited by 20
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“Considering the higher prevalence of insomnia in female nurses compared to other health professionals [64,65] and the fact that they constitute the vast majority of nursing staff, it is proposed to strengthen health protection in this most vulnerable category through prevention and intervention programs oriented towar…”
BackgroundKaptan, S. K., Kaya, Z. M., & Akan, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1336569 · Cited by 19
“In the second study on self-administered EMDR, Moench and Billsten conducted research during the COVID-19 pandemic involving healthcare workers and mental health clinicians (45).”
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“tremendous toll on the health of citizens and healthcare providers (Dragioti et al., 2022), and resulted in disruption of the healthcare system.”
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“…the current pandemic introduces a global quasi-experimental scenario, with a large drop in several externalizing behaviours, including crime (Ejrnæs and Scherg, 2022; Nivette et al., 2021), and heterogeneous changes of substance (ab)use, and related intoxications, which vary across settings…”
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Nurses’ Perceptions of Ethical Conflicts When Caring for Patients with COVID-19
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The association between sleep and burnout in psychiatric nurses: a survey from China
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“A meta-analysis found that sleep problems were one of the most common psychological problems among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic [12].”
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“During the pandemic, anxiety, depression, and insomnia have been prevalent mental health problems for Chinese civil servants [11], which is comparable with findings in healthcare professionals [6].”
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Anxiety, insomnia and family support in nurses, two years after the onset of the pandemic crisis
Sikaras, C., Tsironi, M., Zyga, S., & Παναγιώτου, Α. (2023) · AIMS Public Health · doi:10.3934/publichealth.2023019 · Cited by 11
“In a recent systematic review [34] the prevalence of anxiety in nurses was found to be 31.”
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“Accordingly, the commonly reported notion that accumulated work experience and resulting physical and mental fatigue contribute to a higher overall psychopathology is confirmed [92,97–99].”
BackgroundSelf-citationAn ensemble model for predicting dispositions of emergency department patients
Kuo, K.-M., Lin, Y.-L., Chang, C. S., & Kuo, T. J. (2024) · BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making · doi:10.1186/s12911-024-02503-5 · Cited by 10
“Furthermore, the substantial repercussions of recent infectious diseases such as COVID-19 are exerting immense pressure on multiple facets of health-care professionals’ responsibilities [2, 3], potentially even influencing the delivery of healthcare services.”
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“However, different studies have suggested that despite the fact that during the pandemic, HCWs suffered a high prevalence of psychoemotional symptoms, insomnia has been the symptom with the highest prevalence, affecting more than half of the professionals in most of the studies [43].”
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“The result is higher than the global umbrella review result prevalence of insomnia was 40% ( Dragioti et al., 2020 ) Azman, 2021 ).”
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Exploring the Core of Emotional Intelligence in Healthcare Leadership: A Concept Analysis
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What do clinicians mean by epidemics' preparedness
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“Given the inherently stressful nature of nursing, it is essential to focus on individual and psychological capacities that enable nurses to cope effectively with challenging situations and foster personal growth during crises [5, 6].”
Laza, R., Luştrea, A., Lăzureanu, V. E., Marinescu, A. R., Nicolescu, N., Herlo, A., Cut, T. G., Poroșnicu, T. M., Papavă, I., Romoșan, R. S., et al. (2023) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s424563 · Cited by 10
“contradict previous studies that reported nurses as having higher depressive symptoms.(21) The divergent findings observed in this study may be attributed to the influence of cultural disparities inherent in the training system of medical personnel and the prevailing system of professional hierarchies within hospitals.”
ResultTracking Workplace Violence over 20 Years
Magnavita, N., Meraglia, I., Viti, G., & Gasbarri, M. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph21111438 · Cited by 9
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“…of umbrella review studies have calculated a pooled estimate for the prevalence of depression and anxiety; for example, in the Dragioti, Tsartsalis [61] study, the overall prevalence of anxiety and depression for hospital employees was calculated as 29.90% (27.14–32.67) and 28.44% (25.54–31.34),…”
InfluentialLohmann, J., John, D., & Dzay, A. (2023) · Wellcome Open Research · doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17916.2 · Cited by 6
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“The results of several cross-sectional studies show differences among the sexes regarding mental health disorders: women experienced anxiety and depression more frequently than men during the COVID-19 pandemic [3,6].”
BackgroundResultInfluentialMedical education during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: an umbrella review
Nejadghaderi, S. A., Khoshgoftar, Z., Fazlollahi, A., & Nasiri, M. J. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1358084 · Cited by 6
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Validated Tools for Assessing Anxiety and Depression in Nurses: A Systematic Review
Rodríguez, G. R., Cuellar‐Pompa, L., Novo, N. R., Martinez, M., & Gómez, J. Á. R. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22111714 · Cited by 5
“%) among nurses and other health-care professionals during the pandemic, as well as psychosocial stress and occupational violence associated with high levels of stress or burnout [7,36,37].”
Eichenberg, C., Schneider, R., Auvera, P., Aranyi, G., & Huber, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1334552 · Cited by 5
“In their umbrella review, Dragioti et al. (16) summarized that 18.75% of HCW experienced PTSD. Literature from the initial COVID-19 wave demonstrated a high prevalence of PTSD symptoms, particularly among older HCW (19), women, nurses, and frontline workers (10, 19, 20).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialGiménez‐Díez, D., Leyva‐Moral, J. M., Watson, C., & Bernabeu‐Tamayo, M. D. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.13116 · Cited by 6
“These findings are consistent with a study by Dragioti et al. (2022), which reported that one-third of hospital workers experienced anxiety and depression.”
Iraís, P.-F. L., Magno, P.-T., & Ramos‐Tovar, E. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104706 · Cited by 5
Renzi, E., Imeshtari, V., Masud, D., Baccolini, V., Migliara, G., Gasperini, G., Vito, C. D., Marzuillo, C., Villari, P., & Massimi, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1083693 · Cited by 5
“In conclusion, levels of PTSD symptoms and anxiety among nurses were high during the pandemic (27, 28) especially in the female sample (10, 61).”
BackgroundCOVID-19 and Chinese nurses' mental health
Zhang, H. (2023) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01418-6 · Cited by 5
Lana, A., Sánchez-García, B., García, M. G., Fernández‐Feito, A., & González‐Pando, D. (2024) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1155/2024/5199508 · Cited by 5
“Several literature reviews have provided evidence of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on relevant indicators of nurses’ mental health, such as mental overload, insomnia, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress syndrome, and other mental health disorders [11–15].”
van der Velden, P. G., Contino, C., de Vroege, L., Das, M., Bosmans, M. W. G., & Zijlmans, J. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.042 · Cited by 5
Loureiro, S. R., Zuardi, A. W., Silveira, I. L. M., Crippa, J. A. S., Hallak, J. E. C., & Osório, F. D. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1237123 · Cited by 5
“Based on the analysis of the 44 meta-analyses addressing mental health indicators presented by hospital teams during the COVID-19, Dragioti et al. (15) report a general prevalence rate of anxiety symptoms of 29.90, 28.44% of depression symptoms, 39.45% of insomnia or sleep disorders, 44.30% of stress, and 18.75% of po…”
MethodResultInfluentialAn Umbrella Review of Quality of Life Among the General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Watts, P. N., Deac, A. A., & Netuveli, G. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14238348 · Cited by 6
“Umbrella reviews by Dragioti et al. [64] and Fernandez et al. [33] focused on healthcare workers globally, who reported high rates of anxiety, depression, and burnout.”
Li, J. Y., Zheng, Q., Jiang, X., Chen, X.-Q., Huang, L., Pan, Y., Liu, R.-L., & Zhu, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1368178 · Cited by 6
Liu, Y., Lin, Y., Cui, W., Gu, X., Long, Y., Liu, W., Liao, G., Du, L., & Huang, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1480969 · Cited by 4
Zhang, J.-Y., Du, R.-N., Wang, Z., Chen, J.-X., Chen, N., Zhao, J., Wang, S.-F., & Cai, H. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-03554-3 · Cited by 4
“Epidemiological studies reveal that the global prevalence of insomnia among nurses varies from 30.0 to 65.4%, while the domestic prevalence in China ranges from 37.0 to 63.9% [6–11].”
InfluentialYang, C., Wang, X., Zhang, X., Liu, W., & Wang, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1079383 · Cited by 4
Hasen, A. A., Seid, A. A., & Mohammed, A. A. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072337 · Cited by 4
Day to Day and Environmental Risk Factors for Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Workers
Atkins, K., Cooney, E. E., Park, S., Closser, S., Surkan, P. J., Marker, H. C., Schneider-Firestone, S., Kalb, L. G., Thrul, J., & Veenema, T. G. (2023) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000002909 · Cited by 5
“A recent meta-review found that in more than 1000 studies conducted with HHWs throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, there were notably high levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders.(1) The same review found higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms among frontline versus second-line staff.”
BackgroundAntolí-Jover, A. M., Álvarez‐Serrano, M. A., Gázquez‐López, M., Salvador, A. M., Pérez‐Morente, M. Á., Martínez-García, E., & García, I. G. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12050598 · Cited by 4
“Thus, health care workers were exposed to highly stressful situations throughout the pandemic [20], combining occupational and non-occupational risk factors such as insecurity, confinement measures, extensive media coverage and fear of contamination [22].”
BackgroundSánchez, M. T. G., Trujillo, R. C., & de la Puerta, M. B. M.-G. (2024) · Alternativas Cuadernos de trabajo Social · doi:10.14198/altern.25787 · Cited by 4
Bouchou, Y., Giffard-Quillon, L., Fontana, L., Roche, F., Pélissier, C., & Berger, M. (2024) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s461993 · Cited by 4
“15 These data are associated with an increased prevalence of physical, emotional and social stress.”
BackgroundGesunde Krankenhaussozialdienste?
Dieckmännken, I., & Hollederer, A. (2025) · Soziale Passagen · doi:10.1007/s12592-025-00527-w · Cited by 4
Yang, S., Hao, Q., Sun, H., Yang, Y., Liu, J., Li, C., Fu, Y., Yao, C., & Luo, G. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-02718-5 · Cited by 4
“The relationship between depression and sleep disorders and severe anxiety is closely related [3, 5, 49].”
InfluentialYang, S., Tian, L., Fan, J., Wu, Y., Li, S., Yu, M., & Liu, Y. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-03739-w · Cited by 3
“The global nursing workforce faces escalating psychological stressors due to aging populations, shifting disease burdens, and public health crises [1].”
Xue, J.-M., Lin, P., Guo, W., & Yang, L. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-03889-x · Cited by 3
“[1–5].”
Wolff, R., Heusler, A., Kunaschk, M., & Osiander, C. (2024) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104779 · Cited by 3
Uncovering Trends in U.S. Nurse Cannabis Use in Relation to Patient Care
Rainbow, J. G., Arnold, M., Richter, S. K., Zhao, M., Medvescek, K., Gallagher, S., & Allen, A. M. (2024) · Journal of Nursing Regulation · doi:10.1016/s2155-8256(24)00051-6 · Cited by 3
Aydın, E. F., Alay, H., Yılmaz, S., & Can, F. K. (2024) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2023.0022 · Cited by 3
“38 Additionally, front-line healthcare workers were impacted more adversely than second-line healthcare workers during this time frame.”
BackgroundWork Motivation: A Wall That Not Even the COVID-19 Pandemic Could Knock Down: Research Article
Bogdán, P. M., Zrínyi, M., Madarász, I., Tóth, L., & Pakai, A. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12181857 · Cited by 5
“The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in 2020 posed a whole new challenge, imposing extraordinary physical and psychological burdens on healthcare workers, clearly exacerbating and intensifying career abandonment [25,26].”
BackgroundLi, S., Wu, Y., Yang, J., Shu, H., Luo, L., & Wei, X. (2024) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16612 · Cited by 3
Ranaei, V., Kalroozi, F., Sadeghi, M., Yarmohammadi, S., Haglund, K. A., & Mehrabi, N. (2022) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-022-01032-8 · Cited by 5
“One of the most important disorders reported in the field of the general health of nurses is depression [11].”
BackgroundWang, W., Ji, X., Guo, H., Tao, M., Jin, L., Chen, M., Yuan, H., & Hui, P. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1019837 · Cited by 3
Pradeep, T. S., Athish, K. K., Bhavanam, S., & Mathew, B. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.38190 · Cited by 3
“There are shreds of evidence suggesting that a considerable proportion of COVID-infected HCWs have been experiencing sleep disturbances significantly higher than the general population [24,25].”
BackgroundNoer, V. R., Glavind, J. G., Lorenzen, M. S., Nielsen, P. B., & Ankersen, P. V. (2023) · Nordisk Sygeplejeforskning · doi:10.18261/nsf.13.2.4 · Cited by 3
dos Santos, M. R., Abbott‐Anderson, K., Ponto, J. A., da Silva, L. T. P., Ferro, T. D. A., Schweiss, C., Eggenberger, S. K., Meiers, S. J., & Bousso, R. S. (2023) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15791 · Cited by 3
New medical staff in the post-COVID-19 period entailed altered quality of antibiotic therapy
Roger, P., Challut, N., Hennet, M.-A., Lemasson, A., & Lesselingue, D. (2024) · Infectious Diseases Now · doi:10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104957 · Cited by 3
Hua-chun, X., Qiu, L., Chen, Y., Zhang, M., Li, J., & Xiang, G. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1458167 · Cited by 3
Wang, Y. P., Xu, Y., Ren, L.-Z., Wang, Y., Xu, Y.-H., & Wang, Y. P. (2024) · Work · doi:10.1177/10519815241290021 · Cited by 6
Oufi, N., la Garza, C. D., & Nascimento, A. (2025) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2025.104486 · Cited by 3
Popa, M. V., Gurzu, I. L., Handra, C. M., Mandanach, C., Gurzu, B., Mîndru, D. E., Duceac, M. C., Ciuhodaru, M. I., & Duceac, L. D. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14165782 · Cited by 2
“Studies show that nurses are more prone to fatigue, complex and multisystemic, neurocognitive symptoms and depression [64–66].”
Lan, H., Lewis, F. M., Tsai, Y., Liaw, J., & Chang, Y. (2025) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.70367 · Cited by 3
Attitudes of medical doctors, nurses and paramedics towards death
Zdziarski, K., Zabielska, P., Karakiewicz-Krawczyk, K., Knyszyńska, A., Landowska, A., Landowski, M., & Karakiewicz, B. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1655217 · Cited by 2
Sleep Disturbances Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Sakkas, N., & Pappa, S. (2023) · Progress in Sleep Research · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-0240-8_5 · Cited by 2
Magliano, L., Maio, G., Papa, C., Bonavigo, T., Starace, F., & Affuso, G. (2023) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-023-01284-9 · Cited by 2
“Given the paucity of studies specifically addressing gender differences in profes - sional reactions to pandemic (Dragioti et al., 2022; Mastrob-erardino et al., 2022; Pappa et al., 2021), further research on this topic is advisable.”
BackgroundOrnago, A. M., Pinardi, E., Zucchelli, A., Trevisan, C., Volterrani, M., Cacciatore, S., Ceolin, C., Landi, F., Trabucchi, M., Leo, D. D., et al. (2023) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-023-1958-1 · Cited by 2
Meng, X., Wang, Y., Jiang, Y., Li, T., & Duan, Y. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287154 · Cited by 3
Zhao, J., Shen, L. C., Shields, J. L., Wang, Y.-X., Wu, Y., Yu, Z., & Li, Y. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11222960 · Cited by 3
“We also found a strategy of egalitarian remote workers with an alternation of work days and hours (20.6%), which is consistent with Shockley et al.’s [2] finding.”
ResultInfluentialDellamura, P., Meteliuk, A., Fomenko, T., & Rozanova, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1259488 · Cited by 2
Park, C. H. K., Yoo, S., Ahmed, O., Chung, S., & Lee, S. A. (2024) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e102 · Cited by 2
Al‐Tamimi, M., Aolymat, I., Alkhateeb, R., Alshurman, S., Dauod, E., & Rawabde, F. (2024) · INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing · doi:10.1177/00469580241248124 · Cited by 2
“11,18 Many factors could contribute to this difference, including the use of different instruments in different studies, factors related to the study population, and COVID-19 pandemic effects.”
BackgroundInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Dragioti, E., Tsartsalis, D., Mentis, M., Mantzoukas, S., & Gouva, M.
- Affiliations
- Linköping University (SE)
- Hippocration General Hospital (GR)
- University of Patras (GR)
- University of Ioannina (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Dragioti, Elena
- Venue
- International Journal of Nursing Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-07
- Volume
- 131
- Pages
- 104272
- ISSN
- 0020-7489 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9045868
- OpenAlex
- W4224988184
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 16
- FWCI
- 36.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Nursing Studies (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, hospital staff mental health, anxiety, depression, insomnia, sleep disorders, acute stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, nurses, physicians, gender differences, occupational stress, quality of life, well-being, umbrella review of meta-analyses, evidence quality assessment, publication bias, heterogeneity of results, AMSTAR
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Male, Mental Health, Personnel, Hospital, Quality of Life, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Prevalence, Pandemics
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