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Drivers for the emergence and re-emergence of vector borne protozoal and bacterial diseases
Abstract
In recent years, vector-borne parasitic and bacterial diseases have emerged or re-emerged in many geographical regions causing global health and economic problems that involve humans, livestock, companion animals and wild life. The ecology and epidemiology of vector-borne diseases are affected by the interrelations between three major factors comprising the pathogen, the host (human, animal or vector) and the environment. Important drivers for the emergence and spread of vector-borne parasites include habitat changes, alterations in water storage and irrigation habits, atmospheric and climate changes, immunosuppression by HIV, pollution, development of insecticide and drug resistance, globalization and the significant increase in international trade, tourism and travel. War and civil unrest, and governmental or global management failure are also major contributors to the spread of infectious diseases. The improvement of epidemic understanding and planning together with the development of new diagnostic molecular techniques in the last few decades have allowed researchers to better diagnose and trace pathogens, their origin and routes of infection, and to develop preventive public health and intervention programs. Health care workers, physicians, veterinarians and biosecurity officers should play a key role in future prevention of vector-borne diseases. A coordinated global approach for the prevention of vector-borne diseases should be implemented by international organizations and governmental agencies in collaboration with research institutions.
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“Many factors help to explain the epidemiological changes, they were summarized in 2005 by Harrus and Baneth [7]:”
From Impact of climate change in the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in domestic carnivores (2013) · cites this paper as [7]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Harrus, S., & Baneth, G.
- Affiliations
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Harrus, S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal for Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 11-12
- Pages
- 1309-1318
- ISSN
- 0020-7519 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2131309221
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 0.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal for Parasitology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Keywords
- vector-borne diseases, disease emergence, disease resurgence, pathogenic bacteria, environmental drivers, climate change, habitat change, insecticide resistance, drug resistance, globalization, international trade, pollution, disease prevention, epizootiology, biosecurity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacterial Infections, Communicable Disease Control, Disease Outbreaks, Disease Vectors, Environment, Humans, Parasitic Diseases, Global Health, Zoonoses, Communicable Diseases, Emerging
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