Immune responses to mosquito saliva in 14 individuals with acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites
Open accessAbstract
Background Mosquito bite-induced acute systemic allergic reactions are an increasing clinical concern and have not been optimally characterized immunologically.Objective We wanted to study the immunologic basis of these reactions.Methods Sera were received from 14 individuals with a history of acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites, defined as the presence of one or more of the following: urticaria, angioedema, wheezing, dyspnea, hypotension, and decrease or loss of consciousness. Ten individuals were from the United States and one each was from Canada, Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. An indirect ELISA was developed to measure specific IgE and IgG antibodies to saliva from 5 common mosquito species with different geographic distributions: Aedes aegypti, Aedes vexans, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles sinensis, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Twenty-nine individuals with negative bite test results from laboratory-reared mosquitoes served as control subjects.Results Mosquito saliva-specific IgE levels to all 5 species were significantly increased in the individuals with systemic allergic reactions compared with the control subjects ( P < .061 for Aedes vexans and P < .008 for the remaining 4 species). By using the mean of the control subjects plus 1 SD as a cut-off level, 11 individuals had positive results to Aedes albopictus and up to 4 additional species; 3 individuals had positive results to only one species. Saliva-specific IgG levels were not significantly increased in the individuals with systemic allergic reactions compared with levels seen in the control subjects ( P > .05).Conclusion Acute systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites involve mosquito saliva-specific IgE and can be characterized immunologically. Aedes albopictus is the most common species associated with systemic allergic reactions to mosquito bites.
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Severe reactions to mosquito bites can be local or systemic and can cause tissue necrosis, urticaria, inflammation of the mucous membranes, fever, lowering of blood pressure, loss of consciousness and other symptoms.
“Severe reactions to mosquito bites can be local or systemic and can cause tissue necrosis, urticaria, inflammation of the mucous membranes, fever, lowering of blood pressure, loss of consciousness and other symptoms [5,6].”
From North American Wetlands and Mosquito Control (2012) · cites this paper as [5]
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North American Wetlands and Mosquito Control
Rey, J., Walton, W., Wolfe, R., Connelly, C., O'Connell, S., Berg, J., Sakolsky-Hoopes, G., & Laderman, A. (2012) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph9124537 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“mucous membranes, fever, lowering of blood pressure, loss of consciousness and other symptoms [5,6].”
BackgroundCoastal wetland management in Florida: Environmental concerns and human health
Rey, J. R., Carlson, D. B., & Brockmeyer, R. E. (2012) · Wetlands Ecology and Management · doi:10.1007/s11273-011-9235-1 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Peng, Z., Beckett, A. N., Engler, R. J., Hoffman, D. R., Ott, N. L., & Simons, F. E. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (US)
- East Carolina University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Peng, Zhikang
- Venue
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-11
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1189-1194
- ISSN
- 0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1991656751
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2005-02-01)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Keywords
- mosquito bite allergy, mosquito saliva, IgE antibodies, IgG, Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, Aedes vexans, Anopheles sinensis, Culex quinquefasciatus, urticaria, angioedema
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Hypersensitivity, Immunoglobulin E, Immunoglobulin G, Insect Bites and Stings, Male, Culicidae, Saliva
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