Seasonal variations in hospital admissions for mania: Examining for associations with weather variables over time
Abstract
Background Bipolar disorder is characterized by a seasonal pattern with emerging evidence that weather conditions may trigger symptoms. Thus, our aims were to investigate if year-to-year variations in admissions with mania correlated with year-to-year variations in key meteorological variables, if there was a secular trend in light of climate change and if gender or admission status influenced the seasonal pattern.Methods We undertook a Danish register-based nationwide historical cohort study. We included all adults hospitalized to psychiatric care from 1995 to 2012 with mania using the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register. The Danish Meteorological Institute provided the meteorological variables. The association between weather and admissions was tested using linear regression.Results Our database comprised 24,313 admissions with mania. There was a seasonal pattern with admission rates peaking in summer. Higher admission rates were associated with more sunshine, more ultraviolet radiation, higher temperature and less snow but were unassociated with rainfall. We did not find a secular trend in the seasonal pattern. Finally, neither gender nor admission status impacted on the overall seasonal pattern of admissions with mania.Limitations Only patients in psychiatric care were included. We could not subdivide by type of bipolar disorder.Conclusion This cohort study based on more than 24,000 admissions identified a distinct seasonal pattern in hospital admissions for those with mania. We found no secular trend. This could indicate that the climate change is not impacting on seasonal patterns, that there is no link between the proposed variables or that change is currently not sufficiently distinctive.
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Mood symptoms can occur in a seasonal pattern, as in seasonal affective disorder and in many cases of bipolar disorder.
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- Authors
- Medici, C. R., Vestergaard, C. H., Hadzi-Pavlovic, D., Munk-Jørgensen, P., & Parker, G.
- Affiliations
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Black Dog Institute (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Medici, Clara Reece
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-11
- Volume
- 205
- Pages
- 81-86
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2472667268
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 4.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- mania, bipolar disorder, seasonal variation, hospitalization, weather, sunshine, ultraviolet radiation, temperature, snow, rainfall, climate change, secular trends, gender differences, psychiatric hospitalization
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Bipolar Disorder, Denmark, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Rain, Registries, Seasons, Sex Factors, Snow, Sunlight, Temperature, Ultraviolet Rays, Weather, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Climate Change
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