Cited by 108Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumMindfulness and Compassion InterventionsMaternal and Perinatal Health Interventions

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Effects of a mindfulness based childbirth and parenting program on pregnant women's perceived stress and risk of perinatal depression–Results from a randomized controlled trial

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Lönnberg, Gunilla, Jonas, Wibke, Unternaehrer, Eva, Bränström, Richard, Nissen, Eva, Niemi, Maria·2020·Journal of Affective Disorders

DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.048

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Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting Program (MBCP) in reducing pregnant women's perceived stress and preventing perinatal depression compared to an active control condition.Method First time pregnant women (n = 197) at risk of perinatal depression were randomized to MBCP or an active control treatment, which consisted of a Lamaze childbirth class. At baseline and post-intervention, participants filled out questionnaires on perceived stress, depressive symptoms, positive states of mind, and five facets of mindfulness.Results Compared to the active control treatment, MBCP significantly reduced perceived stress (p = 0.038, d = 0.30) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.004, d = 0.42), and increased positive states of mind (p = 0.005, d = 0.41) and self-reported mindfulness (p = 0.039, d = 0.30). Moreover, change in mindfulness possibly mediated the treatment effects of MBCP on stress, depression symptoms, and positive states of mind. The subscales "non-reactivity to inner experience" and "non-judging of experience" seemed to have the strongest mediating effects.Limitations The outcomes were self-report questionnaires, the participants were not blinded to treatment condition and the condition was confounded by number of sessions.Conclusions Our results suggest that MBCP is more effective in decreasing perceived stress and risk of perinatal depression compared to a Lamaze childbirth class. The results also contribute to our understanding of the underlying psychological mechanisms through which the reduction of stress and depression symptoms may operate. Thus, this study increases our knowledge about efficient intervention strategies to prevent perinatal depression and promote mental wellbeing among pregnant women.

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Effectiveness of an online Japanese version of the mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting programme on prenatal mental health: A single group clinical trial
Tanke, A., Tobe, H., Usui, Y., Yonezawa, K., Tahara‐Sasagawa, E., & Haruna, M. (2025) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2025.104379 · Cited by 4
The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Program of Dohsa-hou on Perceived Stress, Meta-worry and Quality of Life of Hemodialysis Patients
Behjat, A., Mirshamsi, Z., Saleh, S. K., & Dashtbozorgi, Z. (2020) · نشریه پژوهش توانبخشی در پرستاری · doi:10.29252/ijrn.7.1.44 · Cited by 4
Epidural use among women with spontaneous onset of labour – an observational study using data from a cluster-randomised controlled trial
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-, B., Naz, N., Muhammad, D., & Rehman, K. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13060584 · Cited by 3
“These study findings are congruent with a study in Sweden by Lonnberg et al., which established that mindfulness-based training had a significant effect on the reduction of antenatal depression and perceived stress in pregnant women [40].”
A synthesis of RCTs on psychological interventions fostering strengths and virtues: Evidence from 21 systematic reviews
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Trait mindfulness in early pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a prospective cohort study
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Fu, Y., Yf, W., Zhu, Z., & Zhang, D. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1080/0167482x.2025.2588224 · Cited by 2
“Four studies [19,20,22,27] used the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ).”
A Mindfulness-Based App Intervention for Pregnant Women: Qualitative Evaluation of a Prototype Using Multiple Case Studies
Rizzi, S., Pavesi, M. C., Moser, A., Paolazzi, F., Marchesoni, M., Poggianella, S., Gadotti, E., & Forti, S. (2024) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/58265 · Cited by 2
The Effectiveness of Mindful Parenting Training on Parenting Stress and Marital Quality Among Mothers of Intellectually Disabled Children
Mardani, M., Aslāni, K., & Shiralinia, K. (2021) · خانواده پژوهی · doi:10.52547/jfr.17.2.303 · Cited by 2
Perceived Stress and Related Factors in Iranian High-Risk Pregnant Mothers: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Effect of Non-Pharmachological Therapies For Pregnant Women with Mental Disorder: A Narrative Review
Hidayati, N. O., Nuraeni, A., Nurhidayah, I., Rhamelani, P., Nurjanah, L. S., Yani, P., & Suryadi, Y. D. R. (2024) · Jurnal Surya Medika · doi:10.33084/jsm.v10i1.7239 · Cited by 1
Improving Maternal Mental Health and Weight Control with a Mindfulness blended Care Approach: RCT Insights (Preprint)
Haßdenteufel, K., Müller, M., Abele, H., Brucker, S. Y., Graf, J., Zipfel, S., Bauer, A., Jakubowski, P., Pauluschke‐Fröhlich, J., Wallwiener, M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/56230 · Cited by 1
“The observation that a mindfulness intervention improves the mental health and well-being of pregnant mothers is consistent with findings from previous studies [13,16].”
EFEITOS DA PRÁTICA DE MINDFULNESS EM GESTANTES E PARTURIENTES ATENDIDAS NO AMBIENTE HOSPITALAR
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Remote Mindfulness Training for Health Following Early Life Adversity: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial
Lindsay, E. K., Damon, S., Low, C. A., & Marsland, A. L. (2025) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2025.08.004 · Cited by 1
“Some studies show dose-response effects and maintenance of effects only among those who continue to practice mindfulness (Goldsmith et al., 2014; Joss et al., 2019; Lönnberg et al., 2020), suggesting greater benefit with longer periods of training.”
Efficacy of cultivating human strengths and virtues on well-being: A one-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach
Cebolla, A., Fernández-Castilla, B., Lecuona, O. Z., Navarro‐Siurana, J., Galante, J., Sarrión-Castelló, P., Vidal, J., Baños, R. M., & Vázquez, C. (2026) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102692 · Cited by 1
Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Pregnant Woman and Effects on Bonding: A Systematic Review
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Effects of Virtual Mindfulness Training Program on Pregnant Women’s Anxiety and Labor Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Nasr, E. S. G., Genedy, A. S. E., Osman, N. E., Abdelmonem, R. M., & Emara, A. (2022) · Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal · doi:10.21608/asnj.2022.113572.1290 · Cited by 1
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an electronic mindfulness-based intervention to improve maternal mental health in the peripartum: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Branjerdporn, G., Gillespie, K. M., Martin, E. K., Kissane, V., Young, A. D., Ewais, T., Goldsmith, K., Wilson, S., Adhikary, S. R., Mcgahan, G., et al. (2023) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-023-07746-7 · Cited by 1
Why we’re distraught: a pre and post quasi-experimental approach and interventional strategy for tackling psychological distress among perinatal women
Iloma, D. O., Abikoye, G. E., Nnam, M. U., & Ogbonnaya, C. E. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05449-5 · Cited by 1
“Others are nursing/parental bonds, reduced anxiety, stress, and depression (Hicks et al., 2018; Lönnberg et al., 2020).”
Context sensitive mindfulness: lessons from graduates of a professional training in South Africa
Whitesman, S., & Mash, R. J. (2025) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-025-04775-4 · Cited by 1
“…such as those with recurrent depression [2] or substance use disorder [3, 4]; different demographics, such as young adults [5] or expectant parents [6]; different modes of delivery, mainly through on line offerings as well as apps [7–9]; and qualitative shifts in emphasis such as…”
Two opposite directions of emotional transformation are present in women after first physiological delivery
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Sharma, S. R., Devi, S., Pallerla, S., Rane, S., & Wagh, N. R. (2026) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2026.2691409 · Cited by 1
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Jenkins, A., Kearney, L. N., George, K., & Kannis‐Dymand, L. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1037571/v1
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Merchante, M. S., & Martinez-Hurtado, E. D. (2022) · Recent advances in anesthesiology · doi:10.2174/9789815051841122040022
Programi namenjeni starševstvu, kot pomemben člen promocije duševnega zdravja
Grmek, H., & Lipič, N. (2023) · Revija za zdravstvene vede · doi:10.55707/jhs.v10i1.141 · Cited by 2
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Küçükkaya, B., & Işık, H. K. (2023) · Sakarya Üniversitesi Holistik Sağlık Dergisi · doi:10.54803/sauhsd.1304939
Full Issue, Volume 11, Number 3
Peterson, D. J., & Cummings, S. R. (2023) · Journal of Human Sciences and Extension · doi:10.55533/2325-5226.1496
Optimizing Perinatal Maternal Mental Health and Weight Gain by Combining an Electronic Mindfulness-based Intervention with Face-to-Face Coaching: Sub-analysis of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (Preprint)Preprint
Haßdenteufel, K., Müller, M., Abele, H., Brucker, S. Y., Graf, J., Zipfel, S., Bauer, A., Jakubowski, P., Pauluschke‐Fröhlich, J., Wallwiener, M., et al. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.56230
The Influence of Sehat Jiwa Education on the First Active Phase of Labor in Community Health Centers across Makassar City
Marwang, S., Passe, R., Triananingsih, N., & Kusniyanto, R. E. (2023) · Al-sihah The Public Health Science Journal · doi:10.24252/al-sihah.v15i2.35218
“Lack of information causes more than a third or 37% of women to have anxiety during pregnancy and symptoms of depression; anxiety is more common during pregnancy until delivery (Lönnberg et al., 2020).”
Background
Bilinçli Farkındalık ile Kariyer Uyum Yetenekleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Çalışanlar Üzerinde Bir Araştırma
Çiftçi, G. E., Gürer, A., & Solmaztürk, A. B. (2024) · İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi · doi:10.25204/iktisad.1447278
Meditação de atenção plena na mulher: o que é ruído e o que é evidência? Uma revisão narrativa
Gomes, I. E. V. E. M., Freire, M. M. N. D. O., Lemos, P. P., Maistro, P. S. M., Ribeiro, C. C., Ribeiro, H. L., Ribeiro, J. D. A. M., da Silva, R. H., da Silva, A. G., & Rennó, J. (2024) · Debates em Psiquiatria · doi:10.25118/2763-9037.2024.v14.1097
The effect of mindfulness self-compassion training on the fear of childbirth among first time pregnant women: a randomized controlled trialPreprint
Sareh, E., Borghei, N. S., Ozouni‐Davaji, R. B., & Rajabi, A. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6320037/v1
How can couple conflict influence the childbirth experience? The role of psychological distress and prenatal attachment
Ghinassi, S., Ponti, L., Carducci, A., & Smorti, M. (2025) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2025.2564307
“For example, mindfulness-based interventions, such as the Mindfulness-Based Childbirth and Parenting program, have shown efficacy in reducing prenatal anxiety and depression, while also improving maternal-fetal bonding (Fındık et al., 2025; Lönnberg et al., 2020).”
Additional file 1 of Mindful awareness as a mechanism of change for natural childbirth in pregnant women with high fear of childbirth: a randomised controlled trial
Veringa‐Skiba, I. K., Ziemer, K. L., de Bruin, E. I., de Bruin, E. J., & Bögels, S. M. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18739392
Additional file 1 of Mindfulness-based stress reduction adapted to pregnant women with psychosocial vulnerabilities—a protocol for a randomized feasibility study in a Danish hospital-based outpatient setting
Skovbjerg, S., Birk, D., Bruggisser, S., Wolf, A. L. A., & Fjorback, L. O. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14728544
Additional file 2 of Mindful awareness as a mechanism of change for natural childbirth in pregnant women with high fear of childbirth: a randomised controlled trial
Veringa‐Skiba, I. K., Ziemer, K. L., de Bruin, E. I., de Bruin, E. J., & Bögels, S. M. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18739395
Additional file 3 of Mindful awareness as a mechanism of change for natural childbirth in pregnant women with high fear of childbirth: a randomised controlled trial
Veringa‐Skiba, I. K., Ziemer, K. L., de Bruin, E. I., de Bruin, E. J., & Bögels, S. M. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.18739398
Scientific Interventions to Reduce Maternal Stress: Improvement of Maternal and Fetal Outcomes
Leng, L., Xiao, W., & He, X. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-09245-8_14
A Digital Mindfulness Intervention for Pregnant Women With Affective Disorders and Acute Stress Reactions: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of A Randomized Clinical Trial (Preprint)Preprint
Haßdenteufel, K., Müller, M., Multmeier, J., Abele, H., Brucker, S. Y., Zipfel, S., Graf, J., Bauer, A., Jakubowski, P., Pauluschke‐Fröhlich, J., et al. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.93811

Authors: Lönnberg, G., Jonas, W., Unternaehrer, E., Bränström, R., Nissen, E., & Niemi, M.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Corresponding author: Lönnberg, Gunilla
ORCID: Lönnberg, Gunilla
Jonas, Wibke
Bränström, Richard
Nissen, Eva
Niemi, Maria
Venue: Journal of Affective Disorders
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-02
Volume: 262
Pages: 133-142
ISSN: 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.10.048
OpenAlex: W2982645643
Cited by: 108
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 5
FWCI: 10.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
edoc (University of Basel) (acceptedVersion)
edoc (University of Basel)
Funders: Vetenskapsrådet
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
Keywords: mindfulness-based interventions, perinatal depression, perceived stress, pregnancy, parent training, mindfulness facets, mediation, primiparous women, maternal mental health
MeSH terms: Adult, Depression, Education, Nonprofessional, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Program Evaluation, Treatment Outcome, Parturition, Delivery, Obstetric, Pregnant People, Mindfulness

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Effects of a mindfulness based childbirth and parenting program on pregnant women's perceived stress and risk of perinatal depression–Results from a randomized controlled trial

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